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[Music]

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good evening ladies and gentlemen

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welcome to the show i am your host

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chris george zuger and you have entered

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the den of lore i apparently am clipping

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something fierce today

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the levels are up because the

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temperature is up we are in the middle

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of the summer and do i have a show for

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you we're going to be learning some cool

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[\h__\h] courtesy of one of the original

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researchers behind the younger driest

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impact hypothesis paper way back in 2006

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mr george howard from cosmic tusk is on

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the program tonight and oh my dear god

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in heaven do we have

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a show for you um and so please do grab

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your glasses of scotch pull your chair

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up to the fire and uh let's let's kick

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some let's kick some younger driest ass

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tonight uh yeah

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i've got a uh my still my my bottle of

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18 year

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uh glenn brothers sitting beside me

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and i know that um george apparently

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sent me a bottle of scotch and

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fortunately i was out of the house all

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day i could not get it so i have to

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apologize to him

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it'll wait another day oh there we go

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so again i want to be able to thank our

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patrons first and foremost uh for

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keeping us on the air uh again if you

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want to be able to support the program

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make sure that we can continue giving

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you this content go to patreon.com

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forward slash den of lore and uh become

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a patron you can support the show for as

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little as one dollar a month and ensure

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that my wife does not ask me to shut

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this down because it is costing a lot

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too

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well

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costs about as much as our car payment

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in some some months but uh we

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love doing this

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and we believe that we're giving a

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valuable uh show to people out there and

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if i did not have so many people

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listening to it i wouldn't do it and i

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get letters all the time so first of all

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i want to thank all the people out there

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who are tuning in

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but especially uh mark cudalano uh ellen

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mccurdy joshua matic wayne uh roses

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mrs fox uh jared thompson uh who are

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part of our master's program in addition

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to kevin fluffy who is also part of the

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masters program they get a master class

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once a month so that's essentially we

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bring a guest in and we have a private

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uh patron only uh well presentation for

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you all

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in addition to our other patrons uh

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denise from magical egypt hobby who is

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actually uh sending in through the

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support page on deadoflord.com uh

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sentient michael eckhoff atlantic koosh

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who uh said i don't need to give him a

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shout out but i just love saying that

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name atlanta koosh a dean kenward

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and i believe i got everyone on there so

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again thank you very much for supporting

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the program and ensuring that we can

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keep the den of lore going week after

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week after week um and again you can go

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to

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uh

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shop.denver.com maybe buy a t-shirt

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maybe buy a nice den of lore mug

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that you uh see here i actually was

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drinking some coffee out of this myself

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and um

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you know let's see if i can my camera's

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a little bit closer so yeah we do have

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we do have the swag so if you do want to

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be able to represent your colors you can

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do that as well um and first and

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foremost uh george how are you doing

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oh i'm well chris thank you very much

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for inviting me on well thank you very

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much and george if you do check out the

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show up to dental floor i am also having

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a summer sale 20 off um you can check

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the promo code like right here

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uh lore20 you can you can save some cash

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get a nice uh buddha t-shirt maybe maybe

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uh some

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you know maybe raise your vibration with

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uh with some alchemy t-shirts that we

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got on there t-shirts tanks we got it

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all women's men's all colors

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i will outfit the entire family

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[Laughter]

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i'll keep the uh single malt scotch

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uh yes and mark catalano it is atlantic

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kosh kush like yes like

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atlantic koosh as in you know koosh out

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from the atlantic instead of the pacific

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or indian kush no it's it's atlantic

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koosh someone is a really cool name that

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someone had

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um we usually do a

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a little opening intro segment here

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you're the first guest that we've had in

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a while who i've actually been able to

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get to want to engage and join in on the

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fun stuff that we usually do here

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and um we we get some some interesting

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uh messages every night so you could

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just wave

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we could see you it's great yeah i know

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i've got a one of the cleaning folks in

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my office just came in oh it's just like

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out out

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busy

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yeah we get some letters in every now

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and again and usually we get them in

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through the youtube channel um and you

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know we we get some very some very long

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emails very thoughtful um you know

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introspective emails that the people who

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just you know just enjoy the show and

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they want to discuss it and then every

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now and again i get emails such as or

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just comments such as this and this one

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comes from allison jane and she spells

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allison with a y so

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a-l-l-y-s-o-n like you couldn't get any

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[\h__\h] more pretentious than that

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um so and i'm saying this because well

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this is one of those bad email comments

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that we get every now and again

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and um yeah

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so this was actually on a comment from

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one of our new uh oh this is getting a

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little loose from one of our new

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segments crypto corner that denver

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michael's the great denver michaels and

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i we do once a week and we talk about

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crypto zoology stuff we've been doing

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bigfoot uh we've had a couple guests on

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the last couple of weeks very short

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segment about half an hour and she came

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on and she said

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chris

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you are the worst

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radio program host i have ever heard or

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sorry i've ever had the displeasure

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displeasure she actually wrote out the

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full displeasure of listening to your

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foul language is not necessary your

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jokes are not funny or appropriate for

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this cryptid show and last but not least

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why the hell she used the word hell in

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there why the hell would you interview a

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person about the mothman sightings when

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you don't even believe in the creature

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two thumbs down

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boo

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um and i wrote she needs a scotch oh

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geez she needs she needs something um

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and i i wrote a nice and actually i

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actually liked the comment because it

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was an actual comment it wasn't the

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usual troll comment that we get on the

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channel you know someone going oh you're

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part of the illuminati

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you know

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god will will

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avenge your

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worship of moloch the dark lord and

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usually for that i just say well that's

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great you know i'll tell my brethren

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about that and you know the next

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barbecue virgin sacrifice and we'll send

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some people out and we'll we will come

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get your family and we'll use them at

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the next

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sacrifice barbecue slash pancake

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breakfast

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um you know so uh my my general response

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is

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and i'm not gonna go through the whole

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thing no actually you don't [\h__\h] i'll

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just go through the whole thing i wrote

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off

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basically stating that um you know i'll

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usually for trolls i'll delete the

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comment because

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i have no [\h__\h] time for that [\h__\h]

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um

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but i said okay this is honest feedback

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she presented her argument she gave me

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honest critique i'm going to at least

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listen to that and i'm going to keep it

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on there

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but i said okay you know i'm at least

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i'm not i'm going to address this but

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you're not going to like the answer and

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i wrote

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um and i'm just

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going to add this in here

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i didn't actually add this part but you

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know dear [\h__\h] face

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uh one i'm not a professional by any

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stretch i do this for fun

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i know i'm far from a great from a great

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host like i i i've got my on days i've

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got my off days anyways

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uh you know but i'm genuine i i at least

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if i'm on here i'm not trying to pretend

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to be somebody i'm not

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um claiming that i'm a time traveling

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uh you know mars soldier from the past

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slash future slash the president

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with you know and i'm at least here and

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i'm i'm i'm

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this this is this is what you get this

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is what you get

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uh and

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you know for the hundreds of thousands

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of people who listen and watch the show

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and trust me at this point we've got

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hundreds of thousands of people who've

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watched this show

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in 167 countries

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um that you know they like it so i do

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this for them and i do this for the

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people who come to the channel every

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single week

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two it's my channel and i will [\h__\h]

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swear if you [\h__\h] want to amen this

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is my mo the reason people watch this

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show is because i've i'd

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like

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[Music]

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you you get to watch me drink and make

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an ass myself for three hours while we

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learn some cool [\h__\h]

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why would you like your show well thank

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you very much i'm a big big podcast fan

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list to a lot of it and you're you're a

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fine podcaster and uh you get great

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guests well there you go and you

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continue to get better guests and um

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well this is where i continued i'm like

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where the [\h__\h] do you get to tell me

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what what and what is not appropriate on

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my own [\h__\h] channel like you know

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this is a free goddamn country and i

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will say whatever the [\h__\h] i want within

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reason again

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and if you don't like that [\h__\h] off and

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don't [\h__\h] watch if you don't [\h__\h]

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like it uh four and the person i was

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interviewing was actually i wasn't

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interviewing it was denver michaels and

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i we were doing the show together and

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he's my friend we both do the exact same

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thing the reason we like each other is

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because we're very much

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alike except for his southern accent is

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00:09:41,750 --> 00:09:40,160
just so goddamn sexy

275
00:09:45,670 --> 00:09:41,760
and it's he's one of the reasons my

276
00:09:50,389 --> 00:09:47,750
so uh yeah

277
00:09:52,310 --> 00:09:50,399
he's got a good way about it exactly and

278
00:09:53,990 --> 00:09:52,320
you know we we don't we don't change for

279
00:09:56,470 --> 00:09:54,000
for nobody and point five i believe in

280
00:09:58,310 --> 00:09:56,480
the possibility of mothman um and most

281
00:10:00,630 --> 00:09:58,320
cryptids i just it's just that no one's

282
00:10:03,190 --> 00:10:00,640
actually gotten any footage of mothman

283
00:10:05,269 --> 00:10:03,200
uh worth a damn and any an eyewitness

284
00:10:06,470 --> 00:10:05,279
accounts are basically the worst form of

285
00:10:08,470 --> 00:10:06,480
you know evidence you could possibly

286
00:10:09,430 --> 00:10:08,480
have it's completely unreliable

287
00:10:10,230 --> 00:10:09,440
um

288
00:10:11,750 --> 00:10:10,240
like

289
00:10:12,870 --> 00:10:11,760
even even with

290
00:10:16,710 --> 00:10:12,880
pictures that we've had on here and

291
00:10:18,710 --> 00:10:16,720
denver and i have had uh images of

292
00:10:20,870 --> 00:10:18,720
a ufo that his sister had caught and

293
00:10:23,910 --> 00:10:20,880
like took several pictures of and if she

294
00:10:24,949 --> 00:10:23,920
had said well i saw ufo

295
00:10:26,550 --> 00:10:24,959
the only thing i could say was like

296
00:10:29,110 --> 00:10:26,560
that's very interesting but she had

297
00:10:31,350 --> 00:10:29,120
actual pictures of it so that kind of

298
00:10:33,990 --> 00:10:31,360
evidence with the corroborating evidence

299
00:10:35,190 --> 00:10:34,000
is more credible if it's actually clear

300
00:10:36,630 --> 00:10:35,200
these are some of the clearest pictures

301
00:10:38,870 --> 00:10:36,640
of ufos that i've actually seen in a

302
00:10:40,790 --> 00:10:38,880
very long time

303
00:10:42,470 --> 00:10:40,800
so yeah just but just

304
00:10:44,550 --> 00:10:42,480
that eyewitness accounts can be the

305
00:10:46,389 --> 00:10:44,560
worst kind without actual other evidence

306
00:10:48,310 --> 00:10:46,399
to back it up so i've been very

307
00:10:51,110 --> 00:10:48,320
frustrated by that because no one's got

308
00:10:53,750 --> 00:10:51,120
a goddamn picture of goddamn mothman so

309
00:10:55,350 --> 00:10:53,760
um uh ally son

310
00:10:56,710 --> 00:10:55,360
uh jane

311
00:10:57,910 --> 00:10:56,720
uh

312
00:11:00,150 --> 00:10:57,920
well you know

313
00:11:01,829 --> 00:11:00,160
that's you know as as i said you gave me

314
00:11:04,550 --> 00:11:01,839
two thumbs down well i can [\h__\h] do

315
00:11:05,990 --> 00:11:04,560
that too so see i got i got some i got

316
00:11:08,630 --> 00:11:06,000
some thumbs right here

317
00:11:10,710 --> 00:11:08,640
um and yeah that was the that was a

318
00:11:12,829 --> 00:11:10,720
letter of note that i got today so that

319
00:11:14,389 --> 00:11:12,839
was the opening segment

320
00:11:16,949 --> 00:11:14,399
uh

321
00:11:18,550 --> 00:11:16,959
that's how we roll here

322
00:11:20,389 --> 00:11:18,560
well you got a lot of integrity to bring

323
00:11:21,750 --> 00:11:20,399
a critic on as you're opening comments

324
00:11:23,509 --> 00:11:21,760
so well

325
00:11:25,269 --> 00:11:23,519
again for the critics it's like the

326
00:11:26,310 --> 00:11:25,279
critics some people will not talk to

327
00:11:27,509 --> 00:11:26,320
their critics and i can understand if

328
00:11:29,350 --> 00:11:27,519
there's somebody who's actually critical

329
00:11:30,630 --> 00:11:29,360
of the show and wants to provide me with

330
00:11:32,310 --> 00:11:30,640
with feedback

331
00:11:34,230 --> 00:11:32,320
if you're just bashing the show i'm

332
00:11:36,230 --> 00:11:34,240
gonna i'm gonna like my my thing is i'm

333
00:11:38,710 --> 00:11:36,240
just gonna i'm going to read your

334
00:11:39,580 --> 00:11:38,720
comment out on air and i'm going to make

335
00:11:41,509 --> 00:11:39,590
you famous

336
00:11:43,430 --> 00:11:41,519
[Laughter]

337
00:11:44,710 --> 00:11:43,440
um and that's basically it you know if

338
00:11:45,910 --> 00:11:44,720
somebody's just gonna be a troll i'm

339
00:11:48,310 --> 00:11:45,920
gonna read some of it just because it's

340
00:11:50,389 --> 00:11:48,320
hilarious but at the end of the day it's

341
00:11:51,590 --> 00:11:50,399
like yeah like constructive criticism

342
00:11:54,790 --> 00:11:51,600
i'll take and i'll actually incorporate

343
00:11:56,870 --> 00:11:54,800
a lot of it but um

344
00:11:58,069 --> 00:11:56,880
you know that's uh that's how we do

345
00:11:59,670 --> 00:11:58,079
things and i think we actually have

346
00:12:02,310 --> 00:11:59,680
people that you know who are actually in

347
00:12:05,190 --> 00:12:02,320
the channel right now and i'm kind of uh

348
00:12:08,710 --> 00:12:05,200
let's see here there's a kyle held who

349
00:12:11,030 --> 00:12:08,720
is saying he loves the chalice

350
00:12:12,310 --> 00:12:11,040
so he's jealous of scientific truth and

351
00:12:14,949 --> 00:12:12,320
justice there you go and i've got my

352
00:12:18,949 --> 00:12:14,959
i've got my glenn karen to [\h__\h] you

353
00:12:21,509 --> 00:12:20,389
well it's good to know kyle's out there

354
00:12:23,269 --> 00:12:21,519
he's a great fellow he helped me

355
00:12:24,710 --> 00:12:23,279
technically today at the last moment

356
00:12:27,269 --> 00:12:24,720
well he's probably wondering what the

357
00:12:30,710 --> 00:12:27,279
hell show are you on right now the best

358
00:12:32,629 --> 00:12:30,720
show ever kyle the best show ever

359
00:12:35,269 --> 00:12:32,639
so let's let's get this uh let's get

360
00:12:37,430 --> 00:12:35,279
this this shindig going um now first of

361
00:12:39,670 --> 00:12:37,440
all i need to be able to introduce you

362
00:12:42,710 --> 00:12:39,680
and because you're you're just awesome

363
00:12:44,470 --> 00:12:42,720
so uh as i said george howard is well

364
00:12:46,069 --> 00:12:44,480
i'm gonna read directly from cosmic tusk

365
00:12:47,110 --> 00:12:46,079
because that's one of the i love doing

366
00:12:50,629 --> 00:12:47,120
this

367
00:12:51,350 --> 00:12:50,639
my name is george howard not me him

368
00:12:53,750 --> 00:12:51,360
uh

369
00:12:55,030 --> 00:12:53,760
this guy is george howard right here i

370
00:12:57,430 --> 00:12:55,040
have a young family and a growing

371
00:12:59,509 --> 00:12:57,440
company in raleigh north carolina great

372
00:13:01,110 --> 00:12:59,519
city by the way uh in the united states

373
00:13:03,269 --> 00:13:01,120
of america i also have a twofold

374
00:13:05,190 --> 00:13:03,279
fascination one achieving environmental

375
00:13:06,710 --> 00:13:05,200
quality through the judicious use of

376
00:13:07,829 --> 00:13:06,720
market-based government regulatory

377
00:13:10,389 --> 00:13:07,839
systems

378
00:13:13,190 --> 00:13:10,399
that's awesome and about which i blogs

379
00:13:14,389 --> 00:13:13,200
elsewhere and two all things related to

380
00:13:16,949 --> 00:13:14,399
the developing science of

381
00:13:19,509 --> 00:13:16,959
extraterrestrial impact induced rapid

382
00:13:21,829 --> 00:13:19,519
climate change during the holocene and

383
00:13:24,470 --> 00:13:21,839
slightly before about which i blog here

384
00:13:25,910 --> 00:13:24,480
on cosmictusk.com which you can find in

385
00:13:27,269 --> 00:13:25,920
the show notes

386
00:13:28,949 --> 00:13:27,279
after graduating with the ba in

387
00:13:30,710 --> 00:13:28,959
political science in 1989 from the

388
00:13:33,030 --> 00:13:30,720
university of north carolina i did a

389
00:13:34,870 --> 00:13:33,040
six-year stint in washington dc as a

390
00:13:37,269 --> 00:13:34,880
conservative policy staffer in the

391
00:13:41,030 --> 00:13:37,279
united states senate that is also very

392
00:13:44,389 --> 00:13:41,040
cool i rarely read the bible and i am uh

393
00:13:46,310 --> 00:13:44,399
not a creationist i have however come to

394
00:13:48,870 --> 00:13:46,320
believe that many of the old stories are

395
00:13:50,870 --> 00:13:48,880
true and that we need to heed them i

396
00:13:53,110 --> 00:13:50,880
believe i have believed for more than a

397
00:13:55,269 --> 00:13:53,120
decade that asteroid and comet induced

398
00:13:57,990 --> 00:13:55,279
climate catastrophes have happened over

399
00:14:00,470 --> 00:13:58,000
the last 13 000 years and demand further

400
00:14:02,629 --> 00:14:00,480
investigation and commentary as an issue

401
00:14:04,629 --> 00:14:02,639
of public safety not politics or

402
00:14:08,310 --> 00:14:04,639
religion i'm a co-author of the

403
00:14:09,829 --> 00:14:08,320
firestone at all penis paper of 2007

404
00:14:11,509 --> 00:14:09,839
sorry i was off by a year on that one

405
00:14:13,509 --> 00:14:11,519
and several other posters

406
00:14:14,949 --> 00:14:13,519
my contr contributions consisted largely

407
00:14:17,269 --> 00:14:14,959
of field work and analysis of the

408
00:14:18,790 --> 00:14:17,279
phenomena known as the carolina bays the

409
00:14:21,269 --> 00:14:18,800
carolina bays and other many

410
00:14:23,590 --> 00:14:21,279
explanations continue to puzzle me

411
00:14:25,430 --> 00:14:23,600
this blog will investigate the carolina

412
00:14:27,829 --> 00:14:25,440
bays and other proven and unproven

413
00:14:30,069 --> 00:14:27,839
impact-related phenomena but it will

414
00:14:31,030 --> 00:14:30,079
focus on the proposed younger driest

415
00:14:33,110 --> 00:14:31,040
event

416
00:14:34,949 --> 00:14:33,120
finally i'm a skeptic i do not take

417
00:14:38,069 --> 00:14:34,959
blogging on weird scientific theories

418
00:14:41,030 --> 00:14:38,079
lightly i don't believe in ufos ghosts

419
00:14:45,350 --> 00:14:42,629
chiropractic it is okay chiropractic

420
00:14:47,110 --> 00:14:45,360
astrology and 2012 apocalypse but i do

421
00:14:49,910 --> 00:14:47,120
believe in the power of blogs to change

422
00:14:52,150 --> 00:14:49,920
things and i think the threat is real

423
00:14:54,310 --> 00:14:52,160
well you have a home here

424
00:14:55,750 --> 00:14:54,320
for open-minded skeptics and again if

425
00:14:57,430 --> 00:14:55,760
you don't believe in ufos that's fine

426
00:14:58,629 --> 00:14:57,440
i've seen some crazy [\h__\h] in my time

427
00:15:01,189 --> 00:14:58,639
ghosts

428
00:15:03,670 --> 00:15:01,199
possibility that's fine yeah but we we

429
00:15:05,670 --> 00:15:03,680
believe here in riding the the razor's

430
00:15:08,069 --> 00:15:05,680
edge between open-mindedness and

431
00:15:10,150 --> 00:15:08,079
skepticism to try and and and find that

432
00:15:12,870 --> 00:15:10,160
middle ground to to get to the truth so

433
00:15:15,750 --> 00:15:12,880
you are in good in in good company here

434
00:15:17,030 --> 00:15:15,760
uh mr howard george well i appreciate it

435
00:15:18,710 --> 00:15:17,040
i didn't mean to come off as too much of

436
00:15:21,030 --> 00:15:18,720
a skeptic about anything but my own

437
00:15:23,350 --> 00:15:21,040
subject but i'm open-minded about it all

438
00:15:25,030 --> 00:15:23,360
and i i look it all over and find it all

439
00:15:26,550 --> 00:15:25,040
intriguing and respect those people who

440
00:15:28,870 --> 00:15:26,560
are willing to put out the theories that

441
00:15:30,069 --> 00:15:28,880
uh aren't mainstream accepted yet well

442
00:15:31,509 --> 00:15:30,079
we

443
00:15:33,350 --> 00:15:31,519
you know it it's one of those things

444
00:15:35,750 --> 00:15:33,360
it's like you don't you don't if you're

445
00:15:37,829 --> 00:15:35,760
never going to agree 100 on on something

446
00:15:39,189 --> 00:15:37,839
with anybody uh you'll find something

447
00:15:40,310 --> 00:15:39,199
that you can agree with one thing a

448
00:15:43,269 --> 00:15:40,320
hundred percent on but you're not going

449
00:15:45,110 --> 00:15:43,279
to agree 100 100 on uh like my wife she

450
00:15:47,189 --> 00:15:45,120
loves me to death uh she thinks that the

451
00:15:50,470 --> 00:15:47,199
whole ufo

452
00:15:51,829 --> 00:15:50,480
you know she did her her eyes glaze over

453
00:15:53,030 --> 00:15:51,839
when i start talking about this stuff

454
00:15:55,829 --> 00:15:53,040
and that's that's great she still loves

455
00:15:58,550 --> 00:15:55,839
me to death so you never you don't look

456
00:16:01,430 --> 00:15:58,560
at the what the interests are unless

457
00:16:03,590 --> 00:16:01,440
those interests are illegal or contrary

458
00:16:06,150 --> 00:16:03,600
to the laws of god man

459
00:16:08,629 --> 00:16:06,160
but uh other than that you know

460
00:16:10,790 --> 00:16:08,639
you gotta talk stuff out you can't

461
00:16:12,629 --> 00:16:10,800
expand your own horizons if you don't at

462
00:16:14,389 --> 00:16:12,639
least discuss it or at least consider it

463
00:16:16,470 --> 00:16:14,399
even just a little bit

464
00:16:18,389 --> 00:16:16,480
so there you go and i might add that i

465
00:16:20,629 --> 00:16:18,399
am a believer in extraterrestrial life i

466
00:16:22,629 --> 00:16:20,639
just don't uh i don't accept the craft

467
00:16:24,629 --> 00:16:22,639
yet quote you know or hadn't seen the

468
00:16:26,949 --> 00:16:24,639
convincing evidence i need but i do

469
00:16:29,509 --> 00:16:26,959
believe that extraterrestrial life is uh

470
00:16:30,870 --> 00:16:29,519
uh abundant and indeed omnipotent and

471
00:16:33,189 --> 00:16:30,880
happy to talk about that with you if we

472
00:16:36,069 --> 00:16:33,199
run out of time well we we

473
00:16:37,430 --> 00:16:36,079
we've got until

474
00:16:39,829 --> 00:16:37,440
we got a couple hours so we're good to

475
00:16:41,670 --> 00:16:39,839
go yeah yeah see we'll see where it goes

476
00:16:42,790 --> 00:16:41,680
sure now first first and foremost this

477
00:16:46,870 --> 00:16:42,800
is the first time that i've had this

478
00:16:49,030 --> 00:16:46,880
camera this close and um i'm i know that

479
00:16:51,269 --> 00:16:49,040
if we switch to a

480
00:16:52,470 --> 00:16:51,279
uh screen shared yeah again just let me

481
00:16:54,470 --> 00:16:52,480
know at any point you want to be able to

482
00:16:57,189 --> 00:16:54,480
show any any uh content as we're going

483
00:16:58,310 --> 00:16:57,199
along but first and foremost i want to

484
00:16:59,990 --> 00:16:58,320
understand

485
00:17:02,069 --> 00:17:00,000
where you are coming from with the

486
00:17:04,789 --> 00:17:02,079
carolina bays how did you get involved

487
00:17:06,150 --> 00:17:04,799
in this entire you know this entire

488
00:17:07,590 --> 00:17:06,160
you know

489
00:17:09,270 --> 00:17:07,600
this thing

490
00:17:11,750 --> 00:17:09,280
yeah yeah no no that's what it is it's

491
00:17:13,750 --> 00:17:11,760
kind of multi-faceted uh

492
00:17:16,390 --> 00:17:13,760
set of theories and that's a good place

493
00:17:18,470 --> 00:17:16,400
to start because carolina bays came uh

494
00:17:20,390 --> 00:17:18,480
into my life before the younger driest

495
00:17:21,350 --> 00:17:20,400
impact event about

496
00:17:23,270 --> 00:17:21,360
oh

497
00:17:26,150 --> 00:17:23,280
roughly 10 years before and that would

498
00:17:30,630 --> 00:17:26,160
be 21 years ago

499
00:17:32,310 --> 00:17:30,640
and indeed it was um so it's 1995 96 a

500
00:17:34,549 --> 00:17:32,320
little bit longer than maybe 22 years

501
00:17:37,029 --> 00:17:34,559
ago

502
00:17:38,789 --> 00:17:37,039
as a as you had said i was working in

503
00:17:42,630 --> 00:17:38,799
the u.s senate

504
00:17:43,830 --> 00:17:42,640
and uh you know doing uh policy work

505
00:17:45,590 --> 00:17:43,840
not particularly political but

506
00:17:47,190 --> 00:17:45,600
everything up there is political i

507
00:17:48,950 --> 00:17:47,200
thought i'd become a cynic up there this

508
00:17:52,070 --> 00:17:48,960
has taught me that i was no near nowhere

509
00:17:54,150 --> 00:17:52,080
near the depth of cynicism required

510
00:17:55,990 --> 00:17:54,160
but was working in the u.s senate had

511
00:17:58,150 --> 00:17:56,000
worked there at the time i guess three

512
00:17:59,750 --> 00:17:58,160
or four years started in 1990 right when

513
00:18:00,950 --> 00:17:59,760
i got out of college

514
00:18:02,950 --> 00:18:00,960
and went up there and kind of went from

515
00:18:04,710 --> 00:18:02,960
the bottom up uh

516
00:18:06,549 --> 00:18:04,720
worked in the mail room and then wrote

517
00:18:08,310 --> 00:18:06,559
letters and kind of helped out with

518
00:18:10,150 --> 00:18:08,320
floor statements and that kind of stuff

519
00:18:11,590 --> 00:18:10,160
and by the time i worked for my second

520
00:18:12,830 --> 00:18:11,600
boss

521
00:18:15,990 --> 00:18:12,840
i was given

522
00:18:17,909 --> 00:18:16,000
a working on environmental policy and we

523
00:18:19,110 --> 00:18:17,919
had a a full subcommittee and that

524
00:18:20,950 --> 00:18:19,120
subcommittee

525
00:18:22,549 --> 00:18:20,960
within its jurisdiction uh something

526
00:18:25,110 --> 00:18:22,559
that i continue to work on to this day

527
00:18:28,390 --> 00:18:25,120
in my um in my work life and that's a

528
00:18:30,070 --> 00:18:28,400
wetlands regulation okay and i promise

529
00:18:31,750 --> 00:18:30,080
this is leading somewhere

530
00:18:34,070 --> 00:18:31,760
um

531
00:18:36,070 --> 00:18:34,080
carolina bays are a wetland

532
00:18:37,909 --> 00:18:36,080
and being the staffer that was working

533
00:18:39,590 --> 00:18:37,919
on reforming wetland regulation at the

534
00:18:41,990 --> 00:18:39,600
time back in the early 90s i would come

535
00:18:43,669 --> 00:18:42,000
across references to various kinds of

536
00:18:46,230 --> 00:18:43,679
wetlands you know you'd see

537
00:18:48,950 --> 00:18:46,240
because in bogs prairie potholes

538
00:18:49,990 --> 00:18:48,960
bottomland hardwoods winter wet woods

539
00:18:51,750 --> 00:18:50,000
you know

540
00:18:53,590 --> 00:18:51,760
marsh all these kinds of

541
00:18:56,549 --> 00:18:53,600
50 60 different kinds of wetlands and

542
00:18:58,549 --> 00:18:56,559
they occasionally see carolina bay

543
00:18:59,990 --> 00:18:58,559
it always catch my eye

544
00:19:01,590 --> 00:19:00,000
and never really had a chance to look

545
00:19:03,350 --> 00:19:01,600
into it but i thought it's so odd

546
00:19:05,590 --> 00:19:03,360
because first of all my boss was from

547
00:19:07,270 --> 00:19:05,600
north carolina i had no idea what the

548
00:19:09,830 --> 00:19:07,280
reference wasn't like well a bay

549
00:19:11,590 --> 00:19:09,840
certainly isn't a wetland a bay is a

550
00:19:13,350 --> 00:19:11,600
embayment you know is a niche in the

551
00:19:15,350 --> 00:19:13,360
coast that we call a bay and that's you

552
00:19:18,390 --> 00:19:15,360
know marine and oceanic and not shallow

553
00:19:19,510 --> 00:19:18,400
and not a wetland i wonder what it is

554
00:19:20,549 --> 00:19:19,520
and

555
00:19:22,630 --> 00:19:20,559
it was ant

556
00:19:24,150 --> 00:19:22,640
answered for me in this way i was with

557
00:19:26,150 --> 00:19:24,160
the boss the u.s senator if i remember

558
00:19:29,590 --> 00:19:26,160
correctly it was just me and him and he

559
00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:29,600
actually uh asked he said hey get me a

560
00:19:34,549 --> 00:19:32,240
a map of my farm he was a very large

561
00:19:36,070 --> 00:19:34,559
landowner in north carolina

562
00:19:37,909 --> 00:19:36,080
and uh

563
00:19:39,430 --> 00:19:37,919
owned literally tens of thousands of

564
00:19:41,430 --> 00:19:39,440
acres and had one concentration of

565
00:19:43,110 --> 00:19:41,440
property in his uh home county actually

566
00:19:44,470 --> 00:19:43,120
where kyle held who was on here a little

567
00:19:46,549 --> 00:19:44,480
while ago is from

568
00:19:49,909 --> 00:19:46,559
from clinton north carolina

569
00:19:52,150 --> 00:19:49,919
um in sampson county and he said get a

570
00:19:53,590 --> 00:19:52,160
map of my farm and he's a good old

571
00:19:55,430 --> 00:19:53,600
southern boy you know the you know

572
00:19:57,350 --> 00:19:55,440
classic type politicians that are dying

573
00:19:58,710 --> 00:19:57,360
out he was a former democrat turned

574
00:20:01,430 --> 00:19:58,720
republican

575
00:20:03,430 --> 00:20:01,440
and he said get me a map of my farm

576
00:20:04,390 --> 00:20:03,440
and get me a quad sheet and he knew what

577
00:20:07,510 --> 00:20:04,400
they were and i said yeah i know it

578
00:20:08,950 --> 00:20:07,520
acquired that what the usgs puts out

579
00:20:10,150 --> 00:20:08,960
and i said yeah i'll get you one so i

580
00:20:11,669 --> 00:20:10,160
got on and called the congressional

581
00:20:13,350 --> 00:20:11,679
liaison with the united states

582
00:20:15,430 --> 00:20:13,360
geological survey and i said could you

583
00:20:16,710 --> 00:20:15,440
all deliver me uh quad sheet number

584
00:20:18,310 --> 00:20:16,720
seven of

585
00:20:20,789 --> 00:20:18,320
sampson county north carolina or

586
00:20:22,230 --> 00:20:20,799
whatever the designation was and uh you

587
00:20:23,669 --> 00:20:22,240
know how they kind of hop to down there

588
00:20:26,150 --> 00:20:23,679
it's easy to get those kinds of things

589
00:20:28,470 --> 00:20:26,160
done in washington and i bet it was that

590
00:20:30,789 --> 00:20:28,480
afternoon if uh if i remember correctly

591
00:20:33,350 --> 00:20:30,799
they sent a courier over with a quad

592
00:20:34,710 --> 00:20:33,360
sheet of the boss's farm

593
00:20:36,710 --> 00:20:34,720
or at least the area in which one of

594
00:20:38,470 --> 00:20:36,720
these large tracks was contained in

595
00:20:39,990 --> 00:20:38,480
rolled it out

596
00:20:42,310 --> 00:20:40,000
and he was looking at it saying yeah

597
00:20:44,310 --> 00:20:42,320
here my wetlands here's how my farm

598
00:20:45,669 --> 00:20:44,320
works and this and that and he loved

599
00:20:47,990 --> 00:20:45,679
this kind of stuff this was his kind of

600
00:20:51,110 --> 00:20:48,000
thing and going all over and i looked

601
00:20:53,110 --> 00:20:51,120
down and i saw dozens

602
00:20:55,590 --> 00:20:53,120
probably been on a quad sheet not more

603
00:20:56,710 --> 00:20:55,600
than say a couple of dozen

604
00:20:58,549 --> 00:20:56,720
um

605
00:21:02,950 --> 00:20:58,559
dotted green

606
00:21:05,430 --> 00:21:02,960
oval lines elliptical lines i should say

607
00:21:07,750 --> 00:21:05,440
ellipses dotted green lines

608
00:21:09,590 --> 00:21:07,760
all over his form and i said well what

609
00:21:13,669 --> 00:21:09,600
on earth is that boss

610
00:21:17,430 --> 00:21:15,669
was he joking or was he serious well

611
00:21:19,909 --> 00:21:17,440
that's what i said i said you know

612
00:21:21,350 --> 00:21:19,919
excuse me and i was been a science geek

613
00:21:22,710 --> 00:21:21,360
since i was a kid you know i'm into

614
00:21:23,750 --> 00:21:22,720
politics here but i guess one of the

615
00:21:25,110 --> 00:21:23,760
reasons i was able to do the wetland

616
00:21:26,710 --> 00:21:25,120
stuff was that's kind of fairly

617
00:21:29,029 --> 00:21:26,720
scientifically literate

618
00:21:31,430 --> 00:21:29,039
and i said what do you mean meteor holes

619
00:21:34,230 --> 00:21:31,440
first i'll say do you mean craters

620
00:21:36,870 --> 00:21:34,240
there's never been a a a

621
00:21:39,430 --> 00:21:36,880
any note of a extraterrestrial crater in

622
00:21:42,390 --> 00:21:39,440
north carolina mr sander faircloth and

623
00:21:45,110 --> 00:21:42,400
he said oh no no no no no they're

624
00:21:46,789 --> 00:21:45,120
everywhere down there and i said i had

625
00:21:49,750 --> 00:21:46,799
never heard of such thing as he goes oh

626
00:21:52,789 --> 00:21:49,760
yeah they call them carolina bays

627
00:21:53,990 --> 00:21:52,799
and i said no kidding that's what that

628
00:21:55,669 --> 00:21:54,000
means

629
00:21:57,590 --> 00:21:55,679
and he said oh yeah yeah yeah it's a

630
00:21:59,350 --> 00:21:57,600
wetland everyone owns a wetland

631
00:22:01,350 --> 00:21:59,360
he said and i got him all over my place

632
00:22:04,950 --> 00:22:01,360
everybody else does he said now when i

633
00:22:06,950 --> 00:22:04,960
was a boy it was the biggest thing ever

634
00:22:09,110 --> 00:22:06,960
and i said what do you mean

635
00:22:11,990 --> 00:22:09,120
and he said well you know and he was

636
00:22:13,909 --> 00:22:12,000
born in the 20s he said 1930s you know

637
00:22:15,830 --> 00:22:13,919
it was it was just all over the

638
00:22:17,669 --> 00:22:15,840
newspapers and everybody's all excited

639
00:22:19,190 --> 00:22:17,679
about it that we had been hit from stuff

640
00:22:21,350 --> 00:22:19,200
from space

641
00:22:22,870 --> 00:22:21,360
right down here in sampson county

642
00:22:25,110 --> 00:22:22,880
or down there in sampson county and i

643
00:22:26,470 --> 00:22:25,120
said you've got to be kidding me and i

644
00:22:27,990 --> 00:22:26,480
kind of was a student of the state

645
00:22:30,310 --> 00:22:28,000
obviously working up there for you know

646
00:22:31,590 --> 00:22:30,320
senior politicians of my state dearly

647
00:22:32,870 --> 00:22:31,600
and then thought i understood it pretty

648
00:22:35,669 --> 00:22:32,880
well and he said

649
00:22:37,430 --> 00:22:35,679
um yeah yeah yeah it was big time so of

650
00:22:38,950 --> 00:22:37,440
course i i said i gotta look this up and

651
00:22:40,710 --> 00:22:38,960
that was right about the time the

652
00:22:41,990 --> 00:22:40,720
internet was getting going

653
00:22:43,750 --> 00:22:42,000
i was actually one of the first people

654
00:22:44,870 --> 00:22:43,760
in the senate to have the internet other

655
00:22:46,870 --> 00:22:44,880
than the text

656
00:22:49,510 --> 00:22:46,880
and i got on there and called up the web

657
00:22:51,029 --> 00:22:49,520
page dialed it in and it started a a

658
00:22:53,190 --> 00:22:51,039
friendship to this day with a fellow

659
00:22:55,190 --> 00:22:53,200
down in georgia named bob cobras

660
00:22:57,990 --> 00:22:55,200
who was the librarian the digital

661
00:23:00,230 --> 00:22:58,000
librarian um actually for the university

662
00:23:02,630 --> 00:23:00,240
of georgia down in athens georgia

663
00:23:05,590 --> 00:23:02,640
and at that time and it is still up and

664
00:23:07,990 --> 00:23:05,600
it's pretty much in its same form um

665
00:23:09,909 --> 00:23:08,000
he put up a page on carolina bay's and

666
00:23:11,909 --> 00:23:09,919
that was early internet he had had that

667
00:23:14,549 --> 00:23:11,919
up maybe 93-94

668
00:23:16,950 --> 00:23:14,559
again this time 95 or so

669
00:23:19,350 --> 00:23:16,960
and i looked it over and i said i will

670
00:23:20,470 --> 00:23:19,360
be darned these things are absolutely

671
00:23:23,350 --> 00:23:20,480
everywhere

672
00:23:25,830 --> 00:23:23,360
people have been saying since the 1930s

673
00:23:27,830 --> 00:23:25,840
that they were impact features and i'm

674
00:23:30,149 --> 00:23:27,840
going to learn up on it

675
00:23:32,310 --> 00:23:30,159
so uh

676
00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:32,320
i did to some extent certainly didn't

677
00:23:35,350 --> 00:23:33,840
write anything down didn't have a blog

678
00:23:37,029 --> 00:23:35,360
or anything like that but but kind of

679
00:23:37,909 --> 00:23:37,039
consumed what i could

680
00:23:39,990 --> 00:23:37,919
and

681
00:23:41,270 --> 00:23:40,000
i took a job not long after i got out of

682
00:23:42,630 --> 00:23:41,280
there i've been there six years didn't

683
00:23:44,070 --> 00:23:42,640
want to be a lobbyist couldn't be a

684
00:23:46,710 --> 00:23:44,080
lawyer probably

685
00:23:48,710 --> 00:23:46,720
and moved home to be a wetland

686
00:23:50,630 --> 00:23:48,720
mitigation banker happy to explain that

687
00:23:51,750 --> 00:23:50,640
if we truly run out of time

688
00:23:53,430 --> 00:23:51,760
and

689
00:23:55,430 --> 00:23:53,440
uh

690
00:23:57,909 --> 00:23:55,440
moved down here and was actually told to

691
00:24:00,710 --> 00:23:57,919
go out and buy some land

692
00:24:02,310 --> 00:24:00,720
and the very first piece of land that i

693
00:24:04,470 --> 00:24:02,320
got in touch with to purchase for this

694
00:24:06,390 --> 00:24:04,480
company i looked down at the sheet when

695
00:24:09,350 --> 00:24:06,400
i first saw the map of it and i said i

696
00:24:11,269 --> 00:24:09,360
will be darn i am just thrilled uh it's

697
00:24:12,630 --> 00:24:11,279
carolina bay

698
00:24:14,630 --> 00:24:12,640
so i was like i got i'm gonna actually

699
00:24:17,430 --> 00:24:14,640
go out and see one

700
00:24:19,590 --> 00:24:17,440
and went out and it's actually a very

701
00:24:20,789 --> 00:24:19,600
interesting one happy to show you uh uh

702
00:24:22,549 --> 00:24:20,799
where it is on google earth and we'll

703
00:24:24,549 --> 00:24:22,559
take a look at it on google earth later

704
00:24:28,390 --> 00:24:24,559
if you like fantastic and

705
00:24:30,310 --> 00:24:28,400
yeah and and i became very very up close

706
00:24:32,230 --> 00:24:30,320
and friendly with them from then on and

707
00:24:34,630 --> 00:24:32,240
we've continued to work with them in

708
00:24:36,070 --> 00:24:34,640
wetland restoration to this day

709
00:24:37,430 --> 00:24:36,080
um

710
00:24:39,590 --> 00:24:37,440
and then

711
00:24:41,110 --> 00:24:39,600
as i accumulated more knowledge and

712
00:24:42,789 --> 00:24:41,120
probably could shut up about it with

713
00:24:44,710 --> 00:24:42,799
friends i said you know just telling

714
00:24:46,310 --> 00:24:44,720
people most of me didn't care that there

715
00:24:48,390 --> 00:24:46,320
was this strange phenomenon in north

716
00:24:50,230 --> 00:24:48,400
carolina's geology that i didn't know

717
00:24:51,830 --> 00:24:50,240
anybody that was aware of and people you

718
00:24:53,269 --> 00:24:51,840
know generally interested in it but they

719
00:24:54,630 --> 00:24:53,279
all knew that i was kind of a fanatic

720
00:24:58,310 --> 00:24:54,640
about it at the time

721
00:25:00,549 --> 00:24:58,320
and a buddy of mine asked me

722
00:25:02,149 --> 00:25:00,559
uh he had come back to college this was

723
00:25:03,590 --> 00:25:02,159
some years after we had already

724
00:25:05,590 --> 00:25:03,600
graduated

725
00:25:07,909 --> 00:25:05,600
and he was going back to finish up his

726
00:25:09,510 --> 00:25:07,919
degree and he just needed a few classes

727
00:25:11,269 --> 00:25:09,520
and one of them he was taking was

728
00:25:13,990 --> 00:25:11,279
geology class

729
00:25:15,750 --> 00:25:14,000
and he said uh hey buddy george will you

730
00:25:18,310 --> 00:25:15,760
uh uh

731
00:25:19,830 --> 00:25:18,320
write me some notes because uh they've

732
00:25:21,510 --> 00:25:19,840
one of the papers we can have in this

733
00:25:23,110 --> 00:25:21,520
class concerns carolina bays and you

734
00:25:24,549 --> 00:25:23,120
can't shut up about them

735
00:25:26,310 --> 00:25:24,559
and uh

736
00:25:27,430 --> 00:25:26,320
will you dash me out some notes you know

737
00:25:28,630 --> 00:25:27,440
asking me to write a little something

738
00:25:30,310 --> 00:25:28,640
for him

739
00:25:33,029 --> 00:25:30,320
because i got this paper coming up well

740
00:25:35,430 --> 00:25:33,039
27 pages later

741
00:25:37,909 --> 00:25:35,440
uh i handed him over a little essay i

742
00:25:39,269 --> 00:25:37,919
wrote and i think he got like a b plus

743
00:25:41,350 --> 00:25:39,279
or something like that he's very

744
00:25:42,710 --> 00:25:41,360
appreciative and i certainly hope he

745
00:25:44,149 --> 00:25:42,720
didn't turn it in

746
00:25:46,549 --> 00:25:44,159
in the form that i gave it to him but

747
00:25:49,269 --> 00:25:46,559
that's his responsibility if so

748
00:25:50,470 --> 00:25:49,279
and i took that uh essay that was right

749
00:25:52,230 --> 00:25:50,480
around when people were starting to put

750
00:25:54,230 --> 00:25:52,240
up their own web pages and i bought

751
00:25:55,990 --> 00:25:54,240
georgehoward.net

752
00:25:58,149 --> 00:25:56,000
which is just a hurting website out

753
00:26:00,230 --> 00:25:58,159
there now can continuing to disintegrate

754
00:26:01,990 --> 00:26:00,240
and fall apart and i i gotta stick a

755
00:26:03,350 --> 00:26:02,000
knife in it at some point

756
00:26:04,950 --> 00:26:03,360
and the very first time i said well what

757
00:26:07,750 --> 00:26:04,960
am i gonna put on this thing i said well

758
00:26:10,789 --> 00:26:07,760
shoot i got that carolina bay paper

759
00:26:12,630 --> 00:26:10,799
so i hoisted it up there and it got a

760
00:26:13,669 --> 00:26:12,640
privileged position in rankings ever

761
00:26:15,590 --> 00:26:13,679
since

762
00:26:17,590 --> 00:26:15,600
that it was one of the first mentions of

763
00:26:19,750 --> 00:26:17,600
other bob's pages of the phenomenon and

764
00:26:20,549 --> 00:26:19,760
it was a fairly detailed discussion of

765
00:26:24,230 --> 00:26:20,559
it

766
00:26:26,630 --> 00:26:24,240
i started getting emails from people

767
00:26:27,990 --> 00:26:26,640
from time to time

768
00:26:29,590 --> 00:26:28,000
and this is when it starts switching

769
00:26:31,430 --> 00:26:29,600
over into the younger giants part if you

770
00:26:33,590 --> 00:26:31,440
want me to uh go ahead and transition

771
00:26:35,190 --> 00:26:33,600
into there that was about 98.99 when i

772
00:26:37,750 --> 00:26:35,200
put that paper up maybe it actually

773
00:26:38,870 --> 00:26:37,760
wrote it in 97 so it could be that early

774
00:26:40,470 --> 00:26:38,880
honestly like

775
00:26:42,070 --> 00:26:40,480
keep going because i don't think a lot

776
00:26:44,789 --> 00:26:42,080
of people have actually heard

777
00:26:45,669 --> 00:26:44,799
this side of the discovery the discovery

778
00:26:47,909 --> 00:26:45,679
phase

779
00:26:49,190 --> 00:26:47,919
yeah yeah yeah this is the earliest part

780
00:26:51,350 --> 00:26:49,200
of the yd

781
00:26:53,430 --> 00:26:51,360
science here or at least my uh my

782
00:26:55,830 --> 00:26:53,440
involvement with it and frankly it goes

783
00:26:57,590 --> 00:26:55,840
back to plato or before but at least the

784
00:27:00,789 --> 00:26:57,600
modern iteration

785
00:27:01,669 --> 00:27:00,799
so the paper was up there

786
00:27:03,590 --> 00:27:01,679
and

787
00:27:05,350 --> 00:27:03,600
one day i get an email

788
00:27:08,149 --> 00:27:05,360
i had gotten a couple of emails from his

789
00:27:09,590 --> 00:27:08,159
compatriot that he had not uh i didn't

790
00:27:11,110 --> 00:27:09,600
really pay a lot of attention to him

791
00:27:13,269 --> 00:27:11,120
he's a fairly

792
00:27:15,110 --> 00:27:13,279
uh i don't know it's just

793
00:27:16,149 --> 00:27:15,120
one spam but it was kind of it was out

794
00:27:17,110 --> 00:27:16,159
there and i wasn't paying a lot of

795
00:27:18,390 --> 00:27:17,120
attention to it probably should have

796
00:27:19,669 --> 00:27:18,400
paid more for a fellow named william

797
00:27:22,470 --> 00:27:19,679
topping

798
00:27:24,310 --> 00:27:22,480
back

799
00:27:25,990 --> 00:27:24,320
the modern dna of this first people to

800
00:27:28,070 --> 00:27:26,000
broke per person to bring this stuff up

801
00:27:29,750 --> 00:27:28,080
and try to get it published but then one

802
00:27:30,789 --> 00:27:29,760
day not long after i started to hear

803
00:27:33,029 --> 00:27:30,799
from toffee and had a little bit of

804
00:27:36,870 --> 00:27:33,039
sketch with him i got an email from

805
00:27:39,110 --> 00:27:36,880
uh dr richard firestone

806
00:27:41,909 --> 00:27:39,120
i said well that's a hell of a name and

807
00:27:43,750 --> 00:27:41,919
from his address was one cyclic tron

808
00:27:46,230 --> 00:27:43,760
drive

809
00:27:49,190 --> 00:27:46,240
berkeley california

810
00:27:51,029 --> 00:27:49,200
at lawrence uh berkeley national nuclear

811
00:27:53,029 --> 00:27:51,039
laboratory

812
00:27:55,590 --> 00:27:53,039
and i said well i'll be damned he said i

813
00:27:57,190 --> 00:27:55,600
am associate and uh co-researcher with

814
00:27:58,789 --> 00:27:57,200
william topping

815
00:28:00,630 --> 00:27:58,799
and we

816
00:28:04,230 --> 00:28:00,640
discovered as william might have said

817
00:28:05,590 --> 00:28:04,240
that um we have evidence

818
00:28:08,710 --> 00:28:05,600
that we are collecting that william

819
00:28:11,430 --> 00:28:08,720
initiated that shows some uh

820
00:28:14,549 --> 00:28:11,440
anomalous uh soils

821
00:28:16,389 --> 00:28:14,559
13 000 years ago in the upper midwest at

822
00:28:19,510 --> 00:28:16,399
archaeological sites

823
00:28:21,669 --> 00:28:19,520
and we are uh i'm testing them for uh

824
00:28:23,029 --> 00:28:21,679
topping out here and we're finding some

825
00:28:25,590 --> 00:28:23,039
odd stuff

826
00:28:28,310 --> 00:28:25,600
and we were googling around or whatever

827
00:28:30,630 --> 00:28:28,320
we were doing back then uh uh

828
00:28:31,590 --> 00:28:30,640
alta vista or whatever it was

829
00:28:34,070 --> 00:28:31,600
and

830
00:28:36,310 --> 00:28:34,080
for the terms related to explosion

831
00:28:37,430 --> 00:28:36,320
catastrophe you know big bang over the

832
00:28:40,789 --> 00:28:37,440
midwest

833
00:28:42,230 --> 00:28:40,799
and they had stumbled upon the paper

834
00:28:43,750 --> 00:28:42,240
now i probably should have said before i

835
00:28:45,590 --> 00:28:43,760
guess i did that senator faircloth had

836
00:28:48,710 --> 00:28:45,600
told me and this was part of the record

837
00:28:51,750 --> 00:28:48,720
that since the 1930s people had been

838
00:28:53,510 --> 00:28:51,760
claiming that something had exploded

839
00:28:56,149 --> 00:28:53,520
and or

840
00:28:57,909 --> 00:28:56,159
impacted and it had become known that it

841
00:28:59,669 --> 00:28:57,919
pointed to the midwest and they were

842
00:29:01,630 --> 00:28:59,679
searching for explosion of the midwest

843
00:29:04,230 --> 00:29:01,640
so it's kind of one of those interesting

844
00:29:05,510 --> 00:29:04,240
cerebritis and also

845
00:29:07,269 --> 00:29:05,520
you know kind of indicative that there

846
00:29:09,190 --> 00:29:07,279
might be something to it where they were

847
00:29:11,669 --> 00:29:09,200
onto a completely different line of

848
00:29:12,710 --> 00:29:11,679
evidence just searching terms related to

849
00:29:14,549 --> 00:29:12,720
the catastrophe that they were

850
00:29:17,190 --> 00:29:14,559
describing with the carolina bays

851
00:29:18,870 --> 00:29:17,200
happened upon the carolina bays

852
00:29:20,870 --> 00:29:18,880
and not only did they seem to be related

853
00:29:23,990 --> 00:29:20,880
to it but it pointed they point to the

854
00:29:25,750 --> 00:29:24,000
area with which they were concerned

855
00:29:28,870 --> 00:29:25,760
well to be to be honest uh the first

856
00:29:30,549 --> 00:29:28,880
time i i'd heard about the carolina bays

857
00:29:32,549 --> 00:29:30,559
and i'd looked into the the phenomenon

858
00:29:34,070 --> 00:29:32,559
myself and and this was i think around

859
00:29:35,750 --> 00:29:34,080
the around the time that i'd first

860
00:29:37,190 --> 00:29:35,760
started looking into the young dry

861
00:29:40,230 --> 00:29:37,200
impact hypothesis and this might have

862
00:29:41,830 --> 00:29:40,240
been around 2014

863
00:29:45,350 --> 00:29:41,840
2015

864
00:29:47,029 --> 00:29:45,360
and i saw the the top the the topography

865
00:29:48,389 --> 00:29:47,039
on google earth

866
00:29:50,310 --> 00:29:48,399
and the way that they were all shaped

867
00:29:52,230 --> 00:29:50,320
i'm like yeah that that's that looks

868
00:29:53,830 --> 00:29:52,240
like uh you know like to me it looks

869
00:29:55,510 --> 00:29:53,840
like shrapnel like it looks like it

870
00:29:56,870 --> 00:29:55,520
looks like somebody took buckshot

871
00:29:58,230 --> 00:29:56,880
basically pointed it you know pointed

872
00:29:59,669 --> 00:29:58,240
something at the ground and you know

873
00:30:04,389 --> 00:29:59,679
just unloaded

874
00:30:06,230 --> 00:30:04,399
and that like that is the type of

875
00:30:07,430 --> 00:30:06,240
the type of impact that you get from

876
00:30:08,549 --> 00:30:07,440
that

877
00:30:11,669 --> 00:30:08,559
yeah

878
00:30:13,669 --> 00:30:11,679
shrapnel blood spatter patterns

879
00:30:15,190 --> 00:30:13,679
explosion of uh

880
00:30:16,389 --> 00:30:15,200
rain drops on your windshield when

881
00:30:17,909 --> 00:30:16,399
you're going really fast and what they

882
00:30:20,630 --> 00:30:17,919
look like

883
00:30:22,870 --> 00:30:20,640
that it suggests that there was a one

884
00:30:24,789 --> 00:30:22,880
large simultaneous action that produced

885
00:30:26,310 --> 00:30:24,799
them and that continues to be debated to

886
00:30:27,990 --> 00:30:26,320
this day

887
00:30:29,510 --> 00:30:28,000
um so i got in touch with firestone he

888
00:30:30,789 --> 00:30:29,520
said you know uh we'd like to stay in

889
00:30:31,990 --> 00:30:30,799
touch with you anything you hear down

890
00:30:35,590 --> 00:30:32,000
there etc and so forth and they

891
00:30:37,110 --> 00:30:35,600
published a paper in 2001 or 2002 in the

892
00:30:39,029 --> 00:30:37,120
small journal but respected journal

893
00:30:41,190 --> 00:30:39,039
called the mammoth trumpet and they made

894
00:30:43,990 --> 00:30:41,200
the absolutely astonishing claim that

895
00:30:45,430 --> 00:30:44,000
there was a tremendous catastrophe um

896
00:30:48,310 --> 00:30:45,440
somewhere centered around the great

897
00:30:50,789 --> 00:30:48,320
lakes uh 12 900 years ago and that there

898
00:30:52,870 --> 00:30:50,799
was evidence of it in a uh at that time

899
00:30:54,470 --> 00:30:52,880
fairly small number of proxies and

900
00:30:55,750 --> 00:30:54,480
actually some proxies that were probably

901
00:30:58,470 --> 00:30:55,760
false they might have been seeing some

902
00:31:00,470 --> 00:30:58,480
things not firestone but but topping he

903
00:31:02,149 --> 00:31:00,480
was finding tracks in chert and i don't

904
00:31:04,070 --> 00:31:02,159
think we've ever we didn't continue that

905
00:31:06,070 --> 00:31:04,080
evidences other outlines of evidence

906
00:31:07,190 --> 00:31:06,080
that we were confident in early on some

907
00:31:08,389 --> 00:31:07,200
of those have

908
00:31:09,750 --> 00:31:08,399
have um

909
00:31:10,789 --> 00:31:09,760
you know gone into the background

910
00:31:11,590 --> 00:31:10,799
because you gotta sort through this

911
00:31:14,070 --> 00:31:11,600
stuff

912
00:31:15,350 --> 00:31:14,080
but uh they published a paper in 2001 in

913
00:31:16,950 --> 00:31:15,360
the mammoth trumpet saying that there

914
00:31:18,230 --> 00:31:16,960
was a tremendous catastrophe above the

915
00:31:19,909 --> 00:31:18,240
uh nor

916
00:31:22,549 --> 00:31:19,919
above the great lakes and it had some

917
00:31:25,350 --> 00:31:22,559
flaws in it from our perspective and it

918
00:31:27,710 --> 00:31:25,360
received uh some criticism and he was

919
00:31:30,630 --> 00:31:27,720
focused at that time as a uh

920
00:31:32,710 --> 00:31:30,640
radionucleotide uh scientist is he's the

921
00:31:33,990 --> 00:31:32,720
you know uh actually

922
00:31:37,029 --> 00:31:34,000
wrote

923
00:31:38,710 --> 00:31:37,039
authored the encyclopedia of isotopes dr

924
00:31:39,909 --> 00:31:38,720
firestone did you know which is one of

925
00:31:42,149 --> 00:31:39,919
those thousand

926
00:31:43,669 --> 00:31:42,159
dollar you know eight volume

927
00:31:44,950 --> 00:31:43,679
foot long

928
00:31:48,470 --> 00:31:44,960
uh uh

929
00:31:50,950 --> 00:31:48,480
indexes of scientific information and

930
00:31:53,590 --> 00:31:50,960
he's obviously was concentrated on on

931
00:31:55,509 --> 00:31:53,600
you know uh uh cosmic particles and

932
00:31:56,870 --> 00:31:55,519
radiation and that kind of stuff

933
00:31:59,269 --> 00:31:56,880
and that's what he thought had happened

934
00:32:01,750 --> 00:31:59,279
that there had been a a blast in

935
00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:01,760
uh firestone still can believes that in

936
00:32:05,830 --> 00:32:04,000
his his personal he leans more to

937
00:32:07,750 --> 00:32:05,840
something like supernova and we continue

938
00:32:09,669 --> 00:32:07,760
to be painted with that which is just

939
00:32:12,870 --> 00:32:09,679
fine because richard may well be right

940
00:32:15,029 --> 00:32:12,880
but we have long reoriented the theory

941
00:32:16,789 --> 00:32:15,039
to something a little more tangible than

942
00:32:18,549 --> 00:32:16,799
that being a comet or asteroid impact

943
00:32:20,149 --> 00:32:18,559
particularly comet

944
00:32:22,710 --> 00:32:20,159
and and

945
00:32:24,549 --> 00:32:22,720
yeah well before the card like i i've

946
00:32:26,870 --> 00:32:24,559
heard several theories myself i've heard

947
00:32:29,350 --> 00:32:26,880
of the the the supernova star remnant

948
00:32:31,110 --> 00:32:29,360
which which uh is one that

949
00:32:33,590 --> 00:32:31,120
um is

950
00:32:35,669 --> 00:32:33,600
uh i believe one researcher gary david

951
00:32:38,870 --> 00:32:35,679
who whom uh we've got coming up in in

952
00:32:40,389 --> 00:32:38,880
september uh is proponent of that theory

953
00:32:43,269 --> 00:32:40,399
uh there's also the coronal mass

954
00:32:45,830 --> 00:32:43,279
ejection theory which is supported by um

955
00:32:47,990 --> 00:32:45,840
researchers such as uh dr robert shock

956
00:32:49,909 --> 00:32:48,000
from boston university uh geological

957
00:32:53,350 --> 00:32:49,919
department lavalette in that way paul

958
00:32:54,470 --> 00:32:53,360
lavala and then you've got again um

959
00:32:57,190 --> 00:32:54,480
individuals such as yourself and

960
00:33:00,470 --> 00:32:57,200
researchers such as firestone and uh jim

961
00:33:01,830 --> 00:33:00,480
kennett uh who you know will

962
00:33:03,990 --> 00:33:01,840
are are more towards the the

963
00:33:06,549 --> 00:33:04,000
extraterrestrial impact uh from either a

964
00:33:07,830 --> 00:33:06,559
bolt like some type of bolide

965
00:33:10,310 --> 00:33:07,840
and

966
00:33:12,070 --> 00:33:10,320
so you know there there are prevalent

967
00:33:14,310 --> 00:33:12,080
theories the

968
00:33:17,430 --> 00:33:14,320
main aspect is

969
00:33:19,669 --> 00:33:17,440
what's actually found within these areas

970
00:33:21,350 --> 00:33:19,679
um you know at least as far as as far as

971
00:33:25,029 --> 00:33:21,360
within north america like the the the

972
00:33:29,190 --> 00:33:27,110
from what i've been able to at least

973
00:33:31,990 --> 00:33:29,200
discern from papers from yourself and

974
00:33:33,950 --> 00:33:32,000
and from from others is that the

975
00:33:36,389 --> 00:33:33,960
you know the presence of

976
00:33:39,029 --> 00:33:36,399
microspherules which is always a word

977
00:33:40,070 --> 00:33:39,039
that i have a hard time pronouncing

978
00:33:41,909 --> 00:33:40,080
in platinum

979
00:33:43,909 --> 00:33:41,919
and and platinum-based metals

980
00:33:45,269 --> 00:33:43,919
leads more towards the idea that it is

981
00:33:47,509 --> 00:33:45,279
an extraterrestrial impact and not

982
00:33:50,710 --> 00:33:47,519
necessarily chrono-mass ejection

983
00:33:53,029 --> 00:33:50,720
so but the the fact that that these

984
00:33:55,029 --> 00:33:53,039
um you know these characteristics which

985
00:33:56,470 --> 00:33:55,039
which are found in varying levels and in

986
00:33:58,149 --> 00:33:56,480
different areas

987
00:33:59,990 --> 00:33:58,159
again they do vary and that's one of the

988
00:34:01,830 --> 00:34:00,000
reasons why there is

989
00:34:04,830 --> 00:34:01,840
you know this contention between

990
00:34:07,190 --> 00:34:04,840
uh one uh event happening over

991
00:34:09,669 --> 00:34:07,200
another that's right i wouldn't even put

992
00:34:11,270 --> 00:34:09,679
it contention you know at least not too

993
00:34:13,190 --> 00:34:11,280
strongly i know that shock's not a big

994
00:34:15,109 --> 00:34:13,200
fan of ours um

995
00:34:16,950 --> 00:34:15,119
but i know firestone obviously doesn't

996
00:34:19,190 --> 00:34:16,960
you know hold any grudge that the the

997
00:34:20,869 --> 00:34:19,200
current publications veer away from his

998
00:34:23,829 --> 00:34:20,879
favorite hypothesis

999
00:34:26,470 --> 00:34:23,839
um i mean we're we're

1000
00:34:28,069 --> 00:34:26,480
this is uh all out of the mainstream and

1001
00:34:29,510 --> 00:34:28,079
i certainly keep an open mind towards

1002
00:34:30,950 --> 00:34:29,520
all of it and frankly it could have been

1003
00:34:32,710 --> 00:34:30,960
a combination of them what we're talking

1004
00:34:36,069 --> 00:34:32,720
about at least on our side is the

1005
00:34:37,829 --> 00:34:36,079
progressive disintegration of a

1006
00:34:39,990 --> 00:34:37,839
rather large comet that entered the

1007
00:34:41,349 --> 00:34:40,000
solar system some 30 000 years ago and

1008
00:34:42,950 --> 00:34:41,359
there could have been a number of events

1009
00:34:45,829 --> 00:34:42,960
and in fact there could have been you

1010
00:34:49,349 --> 00:34:45,839
know events that involve the sun as well

1011
00:34:51,270 --> 00:34:49,359
and uh uh that's not entered into the

1012
00:34:53,909 --> 00:34:51,280
you know into the published research yet

1013
00:34:55,669 --> 00:34:53,919
but uh there's everything's on the table

1014
00:34:57,750 --> 00:34:55,679
on our side we just need to sort through

1015
00:35:00,470 --> 00:34:57,760
it and see what's most verifiable

1016
00:35:02,310 --> 00:35:00,480
testable and supportable and uh frankly

1017
00:35:05,270 --> 00:35:02,320
can be published so you don't want to

1018
00:35:07,030 --> 00:35:05,280
get too wild and uh

1019
00:35:09,510 --> 00:35:07,040
like i said they published in 2001 that

1020
00:35:12,550 --> 00:35:09,520
were paid for received some criticism

1021
00:35:15,670 --> 00:35:12,560
and in 2005 a little bit before that uh

1022
00:35:16,710 --> 00:35:15,680
dr alan west a gfs geophysicist out in

1023
00:35:21,670 --> 00:35:16,720
uh

1024
00:35:23,109 --> 00:35:21,680
took an interest in looking back into

1025
00:35:25,589 --> 00:35:23,119
this particularly dr west he had a

1026
00:35:26,710 --> 00:35:25,599
certain approach that was uh a stroke of

1027
00:35:28,069 --> 00:35:26,720
genius

1028
00:35:31,109 --> 00:35:28,079
frankly

1029
00:35:33,349 --> 00:35:31,119
from a limited budget standpoint how do

1030
00:35:35,430 --> 00:35:33,359
you go and and best approach the study

1031
00:35:37,750 --> 00:35:35,440
of of this event

1032
00:35:38,790 --> 00:35:37,760
and that was to go to

1033
00:35:40,310 --> 00:35:38,800
uh

1034
00:35:42,790 --> 00:35:40,320
well dated

1035
00:35:45,109 --> 00:35:42,800
well accepted

1036
00:35:47,270 --> 00:35:45,119
beyond contention

1037
00:35:50,150 --> 00:35:47,280
dated archaeological sites from the

1038
00:35:52,230 --> 00:35:50,160
paleo period and the clovis times you

1039
00:35:53,589 --> 00:35:52,240
know roughly you know thirteen thousand

1040
00:35:56,150 --> 00:35:53,599
to twelve thousand eight hundred twelve

1041
00:35:58,150 --> 00:35:56,160
thousand seven hundred years ago

1042
00:35:59,349 --> 00:35:58,160
and test the soil there and see what we

1043
00:36:02,230 --> 00:35:59,359
see

1044
00:36:03,750 --> 00:36:02,240
and what you do by doing that is

1045
00:36:06,470 --> 00:36:03,760
hopefully eliminate and of course it

1046
00:36:08,390 --> 00:36:06,480
certainly didn't but uh it it it was a

1047
00:36:11,030 --> 00:36:08,400
good a good basis to get the publication

1048
00:36:13,270 --> 00:36:11,040
started the controversies over when how

1049
00:36:15,270 --> 00:36:13,280
old your soil is if you went out and dug

1050
00:36:17,510 --> 00:36:15,280
a hole in your backyard and said i found

1051
00:36:19,349 --> 00:36:17,520
the black mat and

1052
00:36:21,750 --> 00:36:19,359
got some carbon testing on it and date

1053
00:36:23,750 --> 00:36:21,760
testing and said okay this dates to that

1054
00:36:25,510 --> 00:36:23,760
you're just gonna have a tougher road

1055
00:36:27,190 --> 00:36:25,520
than if you go to a place that's been

1056
00:36:28,790 --> 00:36:27,200
you know studied for the last 40 years

1057
00:36:30,630 --> 00:36:28,800
since radiocarbon

1058
00:36:32,150 --> 00:36:30,640
dating's been around and has had

1059
00:36:34,470 --> 00:36:32,160
hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of

1060
00:36:36,870 --> 00:36:34,480
samples taken and and confirmation that

1061
00:36:40,790 --> 00:36:36,880
they know exactly how old it is

1062
00:36:42,870 --> 00:36:40,800
so it was as simple as uh

1063
00:36:44,230 --> 00:36:42,880
or perhaps as complicated is contacting

1064
00:36:45,750 --> 00:36:44,240
archaeologists telling them that you

1065
00:36:47,190 --> 00:36:45,760
wanted to come out and take a sample of

1066
00:36:49,270 --> 00:36:47,200
their site

1067
00:36:52,230 --> 00:36:49,280
and uh the first two of those were

1068
00:36:54,390 --> 00:36:52,240
blackwater draw in new mexico and murray

1069
00:36:57,030 --> 00:36:54,400
springs in arizona blackwater draw being

1070
00:36:58,630 --> 00:36:57,040
the actual type site where they

1071
00:37:00,069 --> 00:36:58,640
named the clovis once outside of clovis

1072
00:37:02,790 --> 00:37:00,079
new mexico

1073
00:37:04,390 --> 00:37:02,800
and named the point after the points

1074
00:37:06,069 --> 00:37:04,400
that were found there

1075
00:37:07,589 --> 00:37:06,079
some of the earliest uh maybe the

1076
00:37:10,230 --> 00:37:07,599
earliest that were found

1077
00:37:11,910 --> 00:37:10,240
now i believe the these these locations

1078
00:37:13,349 --> 00:37:11,920
are actually published in a paper that

1079
00:37:15,430 --> 00:37:13,359
uh was released

1080
00:37:17,190 --> 00:37:15,440
um by

1081
00:37:19,109 --> 00:37:17,200
this by by a team i think i think may

1082
00:37:22,310 --> 00:37:19,119
you may have actually been part of it uh

1083
00:37:23,829 --> 00:37:22,320
which was released to late 2016.

1084
00:37:25,589 --> 00:37:23,839
and i think that was actually the first

1085
00:37:27,670 --> 00:37:25,599
the first master class that we'd had

1086
00:37:29,030 --> 00:37:27,680
that we had held for patrons and i

1087
00:37:30,710 --> 00:37:29,040
presented that paper

1088
00:37:32,550 --> 00:37:30,720
i think i know the paper you're probably

1089
00:37:34,630 --> 00:37:32,560
talking about which is probably is more

1090
00:37:37,430 --> 00:37:34,640
even welcomed in our papers is probably

1091
00:37:39,589 --> 00:37:37,440
um alex andronikov i think yeah that's

1092
00:37:42,390 --> 00:37:39,599
actually that's the paper

1093
00:37:43,670 --> 00:37:42,400
wonderful wonderful publication and it

1094
00:37:45,910 --> 00:37:43,680
was particularly exciting to us and

1095
00:37:48,550 --> 00:37:45,920
continues to be because we have had zero

1096
00:37:50,150 --> 00:37:48,560
contact with alex andronikov

1097
00:37:53,109 --> 00:37:50,160
i do not think there has been even an

1098
00:37:54,150 --> 00:37:53,119
email exchanged with him

1099
00:37:56,950 --> 00:37:54,160
and

1100
00:37:58,870 --> 00:37:56,960
you might guess why chris why

1101
00:38:00,470 --> 00:37:58,880
uh because it's probably

1102
00:38:02,069 --> 00:38:00,480
a lot more true and they want to get to

1103
00:38:03,829 --> 00:38:02,079
it first before you guys

1104
00:38:06,150 --> 00:38:03,839
well no it's a little bit more with our

1105
00:38:07,510 --> 00:38:06,160
critics we don't want to accuse you know

1106
00:38:10,069 --> 00:38:07,520
we don't want him to be accused of

1107
00:38:12,710 --> 00:38:10,079
collaborating with us ah okay because we

1108
00:38:14,710 --> 00:38:12,720
have been so smeared if you will

1109
00:38:16,230 --> 00:38:14,720
and you know i take that as part of the

1110
00:38:19,030 --> 00:38:16,240
game at least

1111
00:38:20,710 --> 00:38:19,040
the the now scientific cynic in me but

1112
00:38:21,990 --> 00:38:20,720
you got to be careful with these guys

1113
00:38:23,829 --> 00:38:22,000
that are going out and independently

1114
00:38:26,150 --> 00:38:23,839
proving it now as we'll see in the

1115
00:38:27,750 --> 00:38:26,160
presentation there has been a series of

1116
00:38:30,550 --> 00:38:27,760
people who have independently confirmed

1117
00:38:31,990 --> 00:38:30,560
it and then joined our subsequent papers

1118
00:38:34,710 --> 00:38:32,000
because they reached out and asked for

1119
00:38:37,030 --> 00:38:34,720
our assistance for instance right

1120
00:38:38,069 --> 00:38:37,040
um then they're on the team

1121
00:38:39,750 --> 00:38:38,079
and

1122
00:38:42,150 --> 00:38:39,760
to our critics that means that they've

1123
00:38:44,150 --> 00:38:42,160
been sullied and somehow drank the

1124
00:38:45,750 --> 00:38:44,160
kool-aid and have joined the colt and

1125
00:38:47,910 --> 00:38:45,760
whatnot so if you show up on one of our

1126
00:38:49,829 --> 00:38:47,920
papers you know you you've somehow lost

1127
00:38:51,510 --> 00:38:49,839
your scientific credibility if you're

1128
00:38:53,270 --> 00:38:51,520
independently publishing i guess they

1129
00:38:55,109 --> 00:38:53,280
say they also are drinking kool-aid that

1130
00:38:57,750 --> 00:38:55,119
they're mixing for themselves

1131
00:38:59,349 --> 00:38:57,760
but it to maintain some distance between

1132
00:39:01,750 --> 00:38:59,359
these independent researchers that's

1133
00:39:03,109 --> 00:39:01,760
what we call them

1134
00:39:06,150 --> 00:39:03,119
they need to be independent and that was

1135
00:39:08,550 --> 00:39:06,160
tremendously welcome to see andronikov i

1136
00:39:10,630 --> 00:39:08,560
think has published now four papers or

1137
00:39:13,829 --> 00:39:10,640
so with the most significant being the

1138
00:39:16,310 --> 00:39:13,839
2016 paper which was implications of the

1139
00:39:18,390 --> 00:39:16,320
discovery of platinum group metals and

1140
00:39:19,670 --> 00:39:18,400
uh spherules

1141
00:39:23,670 --> 00:39:19,680
i've got it here and we can look at

1142
00:39:26,950 --> 00:39:23,680
later at blackwater draw so he confirmed

1143
00:39:28,630 --> 00:39:26,960
what we had said in 2007 in subsequent

1144
00:39:30,630 --> 00:39:28,640
papers and blackwater draw continues to

1145
00:39:32,550 --> 00:39:30,640
be one of the the sites that

1146
00:39:34,230 --> 00:39:32,560
um that we use to demonstrate that

1147
00:39:36,069 --> 00:39:34,240
something anomalous tremendously

1148
00:39:37,510 --> 00:39:36,079
anomalous happened at that time have you

1149
00:39:39,030 --> 00:39:37,520
considered just like driving a party bus

1150
00:39:40,230 --> 00:39:39,040
up to wherever these guys are who are

1151
00:39:41,829 --> 00:39:40,240
holding you know holding back and

1152
00:39:43,190 --> 00:39:41,839
smearing you and just sits like [\h__\h]

1153
00:39:45,270 --> 00:39:43,200
come on let's get in we're going to fix

1154
00:39:47,670 --> 00:39:45,280
science and just that's exactly the way

1155
00:39:51,510 --> 00:39:47,680
i think man that that's my kind of thing

1156
00:39:51,520 --> 00:39:55,030
we've got scotch come on

1157
00:39:59,670 --> 00:39:57,829
you know uh well on my way out in a

1158
00:40:01,829 --> 00:39:59,680
field out in flagstaff arizona with one

1159
00:40:04,150 --> 00:40:01,839
of our most persistent critics

1160
00:40:08,470 --> 00:40:06,710
they ain't friendly to it

1161
00:40:11,030 --> 00:40:08,480
well and we were funny then it got a lot

1162
00:40:12,550 --> 00:40:11,040
nastier after that uh that was kind of

1163
00:40:14,950 --> 00:40:12,560
in the early days when the criticism was

1164
00:40:16,710 --> 00:40:14,960
muted but as we continued to publish the

1165
00:40:17,910 --> 00:40:16,720
criticism became you know more and more

1166
00:40:20,710 --> 00:40:17,920
strident

1167
00:40:23,670 --> 00:40:20,720
and we continued to bear the burden of

1168
00:40:24,870 --> 00:40:23,680
some very very determined

1169
00:40:27,109 --> 00:40:24,880
critics

1170
00:40:29,510 --> 00:40:27,119
of these publications now

1171
00:40:31,349 --> 00:40:29,520
what's so frustrating about it is when

1172
00:40:33,349 --> 00:40:31,359
you're working with

1173
00:40:36,230 --> 00:40:33,359
controversial science call it friends

1174
00:40:39,190 --> 00:40:36,240
science non-spring mainstream science i

1175
00:40:41,190 --> 00:40:39,200
would just call it new science

1176
00:40:42,710 --> 00:40:41,200
um

1177
00:40:45,430 --> 00:40:42,720
that

1178
00:40:47,510 --> 00:40:45,440
people do not um not lost my train of

1179
00:40:49,349 --> 00:40:47,520
mine there that that that when you're

1180
00:40:52,630 --> 00:40:49,359
working with that kind of stuff they

1181
00:40:54,470 --> 00:40:52,640
they do not want to uh give you the the

1182
00:40:55,589 --> 00:40:54,480
fair shake that you deserve

1183
00:40:57,190 --> 00:40:55,599
okay

1184
00:40:59,270 --> 00:40:57,200
and what they tell you you hear time and

1185
00:41:00,550 --> 00:40:59,280
time again and i know you guys that that

1186
00:41:02,309 --> 00:41:00,560
work with a lot of different subjects

1187
00:41:04,150 --> 00:41:02,319
see this that you hear from the critics

1188
00:41:06,950 --> 00:41:04,160
they'll say well just get me some

1189
00:41:10,069 --> 00:41:06,960
peer-reviewed papers you all get it into

1190
00:41:12,309 --> 00:41:10,079
the journals the scientific method works

1191
00:41:14,630 --> 00:41:12,319
it's worked for 400 years

1192
00:41:17,589 --> 00:41:14,640
if there is a bigfoot then get me a

1193
00:41:20,069 --> 00:41:17,599
paper sure about it right well and then

1194
00:41:22,470 --> 00:41:20,079
one honest discussion and what is so

1195
00:41:25,270 --> 00:41:22,480
damned frustrating about this subject is

1196
00:41:27,190 --> 00:41:25,280
we play by the rules

1197
00:41:28,870 --> 00:41:27,200
we got it in the peer-reviewed public

1198
00:41:31,030 --> 00:41:28,880
that's actually you shouldn't put it we

1199
00:41:32,630 --> 00:41:31,040
were welcome to be published in the in

1200
00:41:33,750 --> 00:41:32,640
peer-reviewed papers

1201
00:41:35,109 --> 00:41:33,760
um

1202
00:41:36,550 --> 00:41:35,119
and content

1203
00:41:38,790 --> 00:41:36,560
and then they move the goal post if you

1204
00:41:40,390 --> 00:41:38,800
will yeah of course they do yeah

1205
00:41:42,309 --> 00:41:40,400
so let me tell you if you ever show up

1206
00:41:44,550 --> 00:41:42,319
with a bigfoot in nature the fight ain't

1207
00:41:46,550 --> 00:41:44,560
over and you don't expect it to be but

1208
00:41:48,870 --> 00:41:46,560
it's just again the stridency with which

1209
00:41:50,790 --> 00:41:48,880
they conducted and the manipulations

1210
00:41:51,910 --> 00:41:50,800
that and i left all this stuff out of my

1211
00:41:53,589 --> 00:41:51,920
powerpoints i can talk about it

1212
00:41:56,790 --> 00:41:53,599
anecdotally you know

1213
00:41:58,309 --> 00:41:56,800
uh but but it's been really the the main

1214
00:41:59,670 --> 00:41:58,319
revelation on my part and just the

1215
00:42:02,470 --> 00:41:59,680
general science is how tough these

1216
00:42:04,230 --> 00:42:02,480
things are but but you know what you

1217
00:42:05,990 --> 00:42:04,240
want a friend get a dog right what's the

1218
00:42:07,510 --> 00:42:06,000
main contention why why why is there

1219
00:42:08,950 --> 00:42:07,520
such

1220
00:42:11,589 --> 00:42:08,960
venomous

1221
00:42:13,430 --> 00:42:11,599
opposition to this possibility like what

1222
00:42:14,950 --> 00:42:13,440
what what are the critics saying like

1223
00:42:17,670 --> 00:42:14,960
and not just for me well it couldn't

1224
00:42:18,950 --> 00:42:17,680
have happened why and

1225
00:42:20,790 --> 00:42:18,960
i also understand that there's a whole

1226
00:42:21,990 --> 00:42:20,800
eagle thing

1227
00:42:24,230 --> 00:42:22,000
i'm sorry

1228
00:42:26,550 --> 00:42:24,240
just the source of their animus what

1229
00:42:28,230 --> 00:42:26,560
what drives the bile against it

1230
00:42:29,190 --> 00:42:28,240
pretty much like why why why are they

1231
00:42:31,190 --> 00:42:29,200
such

1232
00:42:35,030 --> 00:42:31,200
why are they being dicks

1233
00:42:36,710 --> 00:42:35,040
this is my own opinion but this is an

1234
00:42:38,390 --> 00:42:36,720
informal podcast and this is what it's

1235
00:42:39,670 --> 00:42:38,400
made for but this is what george howard

1236
00:42:41,829 --> 00:42:39,680
thinks

1237
00:42:43,109 --> 00:42:41,839
that it's twofold

1238
00:42:46,470 --> 00:42:43,119
that one

1239
00:42:48,630 --> 00:42:46,480
a tremendous catastrophe and

1240
00:42:50,630 --> 00:42:48,640
you know prehistorical

1241
00:42:52,150 --> 00:42:50,640
times but within the you know homo

1242
00:42:54,069 --> 00:42:52,160
sapiens and

1243
00:42:55,589 --> 00:42:54,079
obviously given gobekli tepe you know

1244
00:42:57,270 --> 00:42:55,599
times where there certainly were

1245
00:42:59,030 --> 00:42:57,280
cultures and civilizations because we're

1246
00:43:01,030 --> 00:42:59,040
not civilizations and we'll have to talk

1247
00:43:03,510 --> 00:43:01,040
to graham about that possibly so but

1248
00:43:05,670 --> 00:43:03,520
accepted that there were cultures and

1249
00:43:07,750 --> 00:43:05,680
people with very primitive technologies

1250
00:43:10,950 --> 00:43:07,760
on the landscape and whatnot if it's

1251
00:43:12,550 --> 00:43:10,960
proven that there was a a time and

1252
00:43:14,470 --> 00:43:12,560
theoretically in distant memory where

1253
00:43:15,670 --> 00:43:14,480
there was a tremendous cataclysm it

1254
00:43:16,710 --> 00:43:15,680
justifies

1255
00:43:19,990 --> 00:43:16,720
if you will

1256
00:43:21,829 --> 00:43:20,000
among other things the christian right

1257
00:43:23,270 --> 00:43:21,839
and most of these scientists at least i

1258
00:43:25,510 --> 00:43:23,280
could name a few names i might get into

1259
00:43:27,990 --> 00:43:25,520
it after another scotch or two but these

1260
00:43:31,190 --> 00:43:28,000
guys are generally atheists which is

1261
00:43:32,870 --> 00:43:31,200
just fine with me you know i uh

1262
00:43:35,349 --> 00:43:32,880
listen to several atheist podcasts very

1263
00:43:36,550 --> 00:43:35,359
interested in whatnot and uh you know

1264
00:43:39,030 --> 00:43:36,560
i'm kind of a

1265
00:43:40,390 --> 00:43:39,040
christmas and easter episcopalian myself

1266
00:43:42,550 --> 00:43:40,400
so i can't claim a whole lot of

1267
00:43:45,270 --> 00:43:42,560
religious credibility but most these

1268
00:43:47,670 --> 00:43:45,280
guys do not want to see

1269
00:43:49,829 --> 00:43:47,680
anything that smacks

1270
00:43:52,230 --> 00:43:49,839
of support

1271
00:43:54,390 --> 00:43:52,240
for the ancient traditions

1272
00:43:56,069 --> 00:43:54,400
particularly those of christians that

1273
00:43:58,069 --> 00:43:56,079
that's one level of it now i'll finish

1274
00:44:00,309 --> 00:43:58,079
with this part in a second but yeah

1275
00:44:02,390 --> 00:44:00,319
let's just go ahead and say it the flood

1276
00:44:05,270 --> 00:44:02,400
okay

1277
00:44:08,550 --> 00:44:05,280
our mythology within you know christian

1278
00:44:09,990 --> 00:44:08,560
communities is that just like 315 others

1279
00:44:13,510 --> 00:44:10,000
around the world

1280
00:44:16,309 --> 00:44:13,520
um religions and ancient oral traditions

1281
00:44:18,870 --> 00:44:16,319
is that there was a tremendous cataclysm

1282
00:44:20,550 --> 00:44:18,880
uh in the past and that involved vast

1283
00:44:21,829 --> 00:44:20,560
amounts of water

1284
00:44:23,589 --> 00:44:21,839
and i was just talking with other

1285
00:44:25,990 --> 00:44:23,599
researchers about it last night you know

1286
00:44:27,910 --> 00:44:26,000
for 40 was it 40 days and 40 nights

1287
00:44:29,589 --> 00:44:27,920
might might be a a pretty good estimate

1288
00:44:31,510 --> 00:44:29,599
of what happened

1289
00:44:33,990 --> 00:44:31,520
and i don't think that they want to lend

1290
00:44:36,230 --> 00:44:34,000
any legitimacy of that because

1291
00:44:38,790 --> 00:44:36,240
with some justification that stuff was

1292
00:44:39,750 --> 00:44:38,800
beat back 150 years ago well the

1293
00:44:42,710 --> 00:44:39,760
original

1294
00:44:44,630 --> 00:44:42,720
catastrophists

1295
00:44:45,829 --> 00:44:44,640
there you go absolutely they were so

1296
00:44:47,270 --> 00:44:45,839
like they're they're taking the entire

1297
00:44:48,150 --> 00:44:47,280
thing

1298
00:44:50,150 --> 00:44:48,160
yeah

1299
00:44:51,829 --> 00:44:50,160
like i don't understand where that could

1300
00:44:53,990 --> 00:44:51,839
come from because even if you look at

1301
00:44:55,750 --> 00:44:54,000
the story of noah that's coming from

1302
00:44:58,069 --> 00:44:55,760
like that source was from the story of

1303
00:45:00,390 --> 00:44:58,079
gilgamesh which is ancient samaria which

1304
00:45:03,190 --> 00:45:00,400
is six thousand years ago plus

1305
00:45:05,589 --> 00:45:03,200
so if they're saying well it you know it

1306
00:45:07,910 --> 00:45:05,599
validates the bible no it validates

1307
00:45:09,430 --> 00:45:07,920
stories that are much older than that

1308
00:45:12,309 --> 00:45:09,440
possible and stories that are much older

1309
00:45:13,670 --> 00:45:12,319
than that that are worldwide yeah that's

1310
00:45:15,670 --> 00:45:13,680
why i think that they're kind of off and

1311
00:45:18,790 --> 00:45:15,680
again it's just a feel i think it just

1312
00:45:21,109 --> 00:45:18,800
it comes too close to even get near that

1313
00:45:23,990 --> 00:45:21,119
when if you ask me i do personally you

1314
00:45:26,309 --> 00:45:24,000
know given my research and and just you

1315
00:45:28,309 --> 00:45:26,319
know general knowledge on the subject

1316
00:45:30,870 --> 00:45:28,319
that i think it was the 8 500 year event

1317
00:45:33,030 --> 00:45:30,880
that also caused a major major climate

1318
00:45:34,390 --> 00:45:33,040
perturbation that's on relatively

1319
00:45:36,470 --> 00:45:34,400
unexplained but that was eight thousand

1320
00:45:38,069 --> 00:45:36,480
five hundred years ago five thousand bc

1321
00:45:40,630 --> 00:45:38,079
at six seven yeah

1322
00:45:41,910 --> 00:45:40,640
and there was a big downturn then too

1323
00:45:43,349 --> 00:45:41,920
and i think that was more likely what

1324
00:45:45,589 --> 00:45:43,359
was being described in the big flood

1325
00:45:47,030 --> 00:45:45,599
myths well what was that

1326
00:45:48,309 --> 00:45:47,040
uh it's just another if you go and look

1327
00:45:49,829 --> 00:45:48,319
at the climate record that was a big

1328
00:45:51,990 --> 00:45:49,839
downturn that there been a number of

1329
00:45:53,829 --> 00:45:52,000
events since 13 000 years ago happy to

1330
00:45:55,670 --> 00:45:53,839
discuss that best i can

1331
00:45:57,589 --> 00:45:55,680
but that's why

1332
00:45:59,829 --> 00:45:57,599
yeah well yeah

1333
00:46:01,589 --> 00:45:59,839
you know what i look at it and i don't

1334
00:46:03,750 --> 00:46:01,599
mean to get ahead of myself

1335
00:46:06,710 --> 00:46:03,760
and you know shoot all my wad right away

1336
00:46:10,710 --> 00:46:08,950
this this is not just a single event any

1337
00:46:12,309 --> 00:46:10,720
more than the dinosaur killer was a

1338
00:46:13,670 --> 00:46:12,319
single event

1339
00:46:16,309 --> 00:46:13,680
what it is it's almost like we're

1340
00:46:19,430 --> 00:46:16,319
looking at a telescope into the past

1341
00:46:21,349 --> 00:46:19,440
and we're bringing into focus

1342
00:46:23,750 --> 00:46:21,359
and trying to resolve

1343
00:46:25,510 --> 00:46:23,760
catastrophes in the past and we're using

1344
00:46:27,910 --> 00:46:25,520
our analytical tools which have never

1345
00:46:30,150 --> 00:46:27,920
ever been better there would be no way

1346
00:46:32,470 --> 00:46:30,160
to prove any of this any earlier than 10

1347
00:46:34,790 --> 00:46:32,480
or 15 years ago they just didn't have

1348
00:46:36,710 --> 00:46:34,800
the analytical tools there wasn't a

1349
00:46:39,030 --> 00:46:36,720
transmission electron microscope and you

1350
00:46:41,430 --> 00:46:39,040
know at every university etc

1351
00:46:43,510 --> 00:46:41,440
um and the geochemical probes and all

1352
00:46:45,109 --> 00:46:43,520
that so now that we've got the tools

1353
00:46:46,870 --> 00:46:45,119
what's going to happen and it happened

1354
00:46:49,349 --> 00:46:46,880
first what do you see when you're

1355
00:46:51,430 --> 00:46:49,359
focusing in on things that are distant

1356
00:46:53,510 --> 00:46:51,440
you see the largest thing first now it

1357
00:46:55,270 --> 00:46:53,520
may be further than the closer thing not

1358
00:46:56,790 --> 00:46:55,280
mean to get too weird on you right away

1359
00:46:58,069 --> 00:46:56,800
but if you look at these catastrophes

1360
00:47:00,550 --> 00:46:58,079
the first thing you're going to see is

1361
00:47:02,470 --> 00:47:00,560
the biggest baddest one

1362
00:47:04,309 --> 00:47:02,480
that happened now it is a long time ago

1363
00:47:05,990 --> 00:47:04,319
but it was also so big and bad and

1364
00:47:07,349 --> 00:47:06,000
caused such a horrible extension that we

1365
00:47:09,030 --> 00:47:07,359
caught on to it first and that was the

1366
00:47:11,349 --> 00:47:09,040
dinosaur killer

1367
00:47:13,430 --> 00:47:11,359
at chichalu and the yucatan 63 million

1368
00:47:14,790 --> 00:47:13,440
years ago that's the first thing we were

1369
00:47:16,710 --> 00:47:14,800
able to identify

1370
00:47:18,630 --> 00:47:16,720
and that was a hell of a fight i mean it

1371
00:47:19,910 --> 00:47:18,640
took alvarez and hell he had a nobel

1372
00:47:23,109 --> 00:47:19,920
prize

1373
00:47:25,030 --> 00:47:23,119
in other fields uh going into it it took

1374
00:47:28,150 --> 00:47:25,040
them from 1980

1375
00:47:31,190 --> 00:47:28,160
to roughly 1994 14 years

1376
00:47:32,710 --> 00:47:31,200
to get it into the textbooks

1377
00:47:34,150 --> 00:47:32,720
and it's still disputed and it should be

1378
00:47:36,710 --> 00:47:34,160
disputed everything should be disputed

1379
00:47:39,030 --> 00:47:36,720
at all times to some degree

1380
00:47:40,710 --> 00:47:39,040
but but that was the first thing we saw

1381
00:47:42,630 --> 00:47:40,720
in the past of this nature with modern

1382
00:47:43,829 --> 00:47:42,640
analytical tools

1383
00:47:46,309 --> 00:47:43,839
that's not the last thing we're going to

1384
00:47:50,710 --> 00:47:48,550
the next thing we found and there were

1385
00:47:52,470 --> 00:47:50,720
probably precursors to this as well and

1386
00:47:56,550 --> 00:47:52,480
can discuss that's probably something 35

1387
00:47:58,230 --> 00:47:56,560
000 years ago but was the 13 000 of them

1388
00:48:00,790 --> 00:47:58,240
that was as dramatic as anything that

1389
00:48:02,470 --> 00:48:00,800
had happened since uh i think about 16

1390
00:48:04,470 --> 00:48:02,480
million years ago

1391
00:48:06,069 --> 00:48:04,480
okay and you can't ascribe every

1392
00:48:08,069 --> 00:48:06,079
extinction to

1393
00:48:09,750 --> 00:48:08,079
you know cosmic impacts

1394
00:48:11,910 --> 00:48:09,760
but i think a significant amount of them

1395
00:48:13,190 --> 00:48:11,920
did occur that way i think the two that

1396
00:48:15,589 --> 00:48:13,200
we're discussing right now that have

1397
00:48:17,430 --> 00:48:15,599
been well published occurred that way

1398
00:48:18,470 --> 00:48:17,440
and there have been other

1399
00:48:20,710 --> 00:48:18,480
events

1400
00:48:22,390 --> 00:48:20,720
since

1401
00:48:25,510 --> 00:48:22,400
bronze age civilizations were brought

1402
00:48:26,950 --> 00:48:25,520
down roughly you know 4 000 to 4 300

1403
00:48:28,630 --> 00:48:26,960
years ago

1404
00:48:30,470 --> 00:48:28,640
um and have done some work in that

1405
00:48:31,750 --> 00:48:30,480
regard traveled to you know

1406
00:48:34,470 --> 00:48:31,760
archeologically

1407
00:48:36,069 --> 00:48:34,480
go ahead is there a possibility that it

1408
00:48:37,510 --> 00:48:36,079
that any of these were caused by vern

1409
00:48:40,630 --> 00:48:37,520
shot

1410
00:48:42,150 --> 00:48:40,640
heard the term give me another can we

1411
00:48:44,950 --> 00:48:42,160
help that okay well here's here's an

1412
00:48:47,109 --> 00:48:44,960
example let's say the um yellowstone

1413
00:48:51,109 --> 00:48:47,119
blows

1414
00:48:52,630 --> 00:48:51,119
uh and you know a large solid mass of

1415
00:48:54,390 --> 00:48:52,640
something gets thrown up into into

1416
00:48:55,270 --> 00:48:54,400
sub-orbit and then crashes back down

1417
00:48:59,430 --> 00:48:55,280
into

1418
00:49:00,390 --> 00:48:59,440
shot it's it's essentially

1419
00:49:01,190 --> 00:49:00,400
your

1420
00:49:02,870 --> 00:49:01,200
you know

1421
00:49:04,309 --> 00:49:02,880
it's it's like a self-created mass

1422
00:49:05,510 --> 00:49:04,319
driver it's like if you

1423
00:49:07,270 --> 00:49:05,520
throw something

1424
00:49:09,270 --> 00:49:07,280
you know and just think about it this

1425
00:49:10,710 --> 00:49:09,280
way you throw you throw a football

1426
00:49:12,390 --> 00:49:10,720
straight up and then it comes back and

1427
00:49:13,910 --> 00:49:12,400
just smacks it flat in the face and your

1428
00:49:15,190 --> 00:49:13,920
friends laugh at you that's kind of the

1429
00:49:16,549 --> 00:49:15,200
the same thing except for instead of

1430
00:49:18,950 --> 00:49:16,559
your friends laughing at you you've got

1431
00:49:20,790 --> 00:49:18,960
worldwide devastation

1432
00:49:22,950 --> 00:49:20,800
well i hate to be caught flat-footed on

1433
00:49:24,790 --> 00:49:22,960
any oddball geological theories i've

1434
00:49:26,309 --> 00:49:24,800
heard of it but i'm not familiar but it

1435
00:49:27,990 --> 00:49:26,319
sounds are you talking about a

1436
00:49:30,230 --> 00:49:28,000
subsurface you know a volcanic type

1437
00:49:32,309 --> 00:49:30,240
explosion basically yes like you know

1438
00:49:33,910 --> 00:49:32,319
the the earth just like timberlaw

1439
00:49:37,670 --> 00:49:33,920
yeah like it just you know the earth

1440
00:49:39,349 --> 00:49:37,680
will just belch out this mass of of rock

1441
00:49:41,190 --> 00:49:39,359
or you know molten something and it just

1442
00:49:42,630 --> 00:49:41,200
comes crashing back down earth well

1443
00:49:44,710 --> 00:49:42,640
those are the pipes that produce

1444
00:49:46,549 --> 00:49:44,720
diamonds you know kimberlite pipes which

1445
00:49:49,829 --> 00:49:46,559
have never been adequately explained to

1446
00:49:51,750 --> 00:49:49,839
my you know non-professional opinion and

1447
00:49:53,510 --> 00:49:51,760
reading through it over the years that

1448
00:49:55,030 --> 00:49:53,520
the process by which diamonds occurred

1449
00:49:57,109 --> 00:49:55,040
you know they're rocking up through the

1450
00:49:59,109 --> 00:49:57,119
earth that uh you know

1451
00:50:01,910 --> 00:49:59,119
supersonic speeds

1452
00:50:03,910 --> 00:50:01,920
from very very deep very very quickly

1453
00:50:06,230 --> 00:50:03,920
and there's not a not a acceptable

1454
00:50:08,309 --> 00:50:06,240
explanation for that in my opinion

1455
00:50:10,950 --> 00:50:08,319
um and i'm not sure if a vern shot might

1456
00:50:13,109 --> 00:50:10,960
might be just a you know a a

1457
00:50:15,349 --> 00:50:13,119
an extreme kimberlite but along those

1458
00:50:16,950 --> 00:50:15,359
same lines and i'll show you some

1459
00:50:19,109 --> 00:50:16,960
folks they're doing some great work

1460
00:50:21,190 --> 00:50:19,119
along the idea of

1461
00:50:23,349 --> 00:50:21,200
uh that some of the material that was

1462
00:50:25,910 --> 00:50:23,359
ejected in our event actually did go

1463
00:50:27,109 --> 00:50:25,920
into orbit and landed quite a far piece

1464
00:50:29,510 --> 00:50:27,119
away

1465
00:50:31,270 --> 00:50:29,520
okay in the southern hemisphere and uh

1466
00:50:34,710 --> 00:50:31,280
i'll show you some of that as we get to

1467
00:50:38,150 --> 00:50:36,870
oh man oh this is this is awesome

1468
00:50:40,950 --> 00:50:38,160
everyone's just like this is the

1469
00:50:43,750 --> 00:50:40,960
greatest show ever in chat right now

1470
00:50:45,349 --> 00:50:43,760
so we're having some good fun here and

1471
00:50:47,109 --> 00:50:45,359
you know i don't i don't do any uh

1472
00:50:48,630 --> 00:50:47,119
having a great time oh yeah i know i've

1473
00:50:50,230 --> 00:50:48,640
got like this new vape

1474
00:50:52,470 --> 00:50:50,240
which like i i've been dealing with this

1475
00:50:54,069 --> 00:50:52,480
this one vape that's like made locally

1476
00:50:56,470 --> 00:50:54,079
and i'm getting this new stuff i'm i'm

1477
00:50:58,870 --> 00:50:56,480
not yeah because you know

1478
00:51:00,309 --> 00:50:58,880
ex smokers and it's really really smooth

1479
00:51:02,069 --> 00:51:00,319
and i don't have to you know have a lot

1480
00:51:03,349 --> 00:51:02,079
of it but it just tastes really good

1481
00:51:06,069 --> 00:51:03,359
it's i've been looking for like good

1482
00:51:08,150 --> 00:51:06,079
vape for a long time well as my friends

1483
00:51:10,069 --> 00:51:08,160
family and co-workers will confirm i use

1484
00:51:11,430 --> 00:51:10,079
every form of nicotine but the smoking

1485
00:51:13,109 --> 00:51:11,440
cigarette

1486
00:51:14,870 --> 00:51:13,119
i have here my

1487
00:51:17,109 --> 00:51:14,880
snooze

1488
00:51:19,190 --> 00:51:17,119
my copenhagen tobacco

1489
00:51:21,030 --> 00:51:19,200
and my vape but i hadn't had a cigarette

1490
00:51:23,190 --> 00:51:21,040
in 14 years and i lived to be 110

1491
00:51:24,390 --> 00:51:23,200
because of it nope yeah i'm just uh

1492
00:51:26,230 --> 00:51:24,400
quitting smoking myself and for all

1493
00:51:27,270 --> 00:51:26,240
those out there that are still smoking

1494
00:51:28,950 --> 00:51:27,280
stop

1495
00:51:30,870 --> 00:51:28,960
yeah there's just better ways to do it

1496
00:51:32,870 --> 00:51:30,880
oh yeah totally they're better ways to

1497
00:51:35,109 --> 00:51:32,880
do it do your lungs feel better crust oh

1498
00:51:36,710 --> 00:51:35,119
my lungs feel up like oh yeah totally no

1499
00:51:38,710 --> 00:51:36,720
night wheezing this great thing when you

1500
00:51:40,790 --> 00:51:38,720
get off of them yeah no night wheezing

1501
00:51:42,309 --> 00:51:40,800
my snoring's gone down at nothing

1502
00:51:44,790 --> 00:51:42,319
it's fantastic

1503
00:51:46,950 --> 00:51:44,800
and nicotine does not cause cancer no

1504
00:51:48,390 --> 00:51:46,960
it's it's the fertilizer it's the

1505
00:51:50,069 --> 00:51:48,400
radioactive fertilizer that they use to

1506
00:51:53,750 --> 00:51:50,079
actually make the grow the nicot or the

1507
00:51:55,510 --> 00:51:53,760
tobacco which is then absorbed by the

1508
00:51:57,109 --> 00:51:55,520
nicotine that tends to cause a lot of

1509
00:51:58,390 --> 00:51:57,119
the free radicals that go through the

1510
00:52:00,710 --> 00:51:58,400
cigarettes

1511
00:52:02,630 --> 00:52:00,720
and a unique uh psychoactive substance

1512
00:52:04,790 --> 00:52:02,640
in that it wakes you up when you were

1513
00:52:05,670 --> 00:52:04,800
tired and put you to bed when you were

1514
00:52:07,510 --> 00:52:05,680
active

1515
00:52:08,790 --> 00:52:07,520
it goes both ways

1516
00:52:11,349 --> 00:52:08,800
you want one as you go to bed and you

1517
00:52:12,790 --> 00:52:11,359
want one when you get up well it's also

1518
00:52:15,030 --> 00:52:12,800
like for

1519
00:52:16,630 --> 00:52:15,040
any smoker out there if you puff on a

1520
00:52:19,190 --> 00:52:16,640
cigarette really fast

1521
00:52:21,750 --> 00:52:19,200
you get the active ingredient so it

1522
00:52:24,870 --> 00:52:21,760
wakes you up if you pull on it very very

1523
00:52:26,630 --> 00:52:24,880
slowly it actually becomes relaxant

1524
00:52:29,430 --> 00:52:26,640
never thought about that but that stands

1525
00:52:30,150 --> 00:52:29,440
to reason in my experience yeah

1526
00:52:31,589 --> 00:52:30,160
so

1527
00:52:33,349 --> 00:52:31,599
but i digress and i think i've actually

1528
00:52:35,670 --> 00:52:33,359
lost a few people during the live

1529
00:52:38,470 --> 00:52:35,680
broadcast talking about it

1530
00:52:42,390 --> 00:52:38,480
okay back to cosmic catastrophe

1531
00:52:44,390 --> 00:52:42,400
um so if i could pick up on the timeline

1532
00:52:45,829 --> 00:52:44,400
so alan west started looking into it and

1533
00:52:47,430 --> 00:52:45,839
said well i'm going to go and check

1534
00:52:49,430 --> 00:52:47,440
these sites and he probably you know he

1535
00:52:51,910 --> 00:52:49,440
got to murray springs

1536
00:52:53,910 --> 00:52:51,920
uh blackwater draw etc and got in touch

1537
00:52:55,990 --> 00:52:53,920
with jim kennett

1538
00:52:57,589 --> 00:52:56,000
who i know that you have wanted on the

1539
00:53:00,790 --> 00:52:57,599
show and i hope he can make it on the

1540
00:53:02,870 --> 00:53:00,800
show and he's very much retired now and

1541
00:53:04,470 --> 00:53:02,880
you know has other you know family stuff

1542
00:53:06,390 --> 00:53:04,480
going on and whatnot but maybe he'll

1543
00:53:08,150 --> 00:53:06,400
make time at some point he's a wonderful

1544
00:53:09,670 --> 00:53:08,160
wonderful man i've had the great

1545
00:53:11,190 --> 00:53:09,680
opportunity to travel with him a couple

1546
00:53:12,710 --> 00:53:11,200
of times wished i had done it more but

1547
00:53:14,549 --> 00:53:12,720
we stopped doing conferences they were

1548
00:53:17,990 --> 00:53:14,559
so critical

1549
00:53:20,230 --> 00:53:18,000
but jim kenneth you know alan uh is a uh

1550
00:53:21,589 --> 00:53:20,240
uh an employed uh privately employed

1551
00:53:23,510 --> 00:53:21,599
scientist you know he's a geophysicist

1552
00:53:25,109 --> 00:53:23,520
for oil companies and does geophysical

1553
00:53:28,230 --> 00:53:25,119
you know analysis and work he's also

1554
00:53:30,150 --> 00:53:28,240
retired but he you know doesn't have a

1555
00:53:32,470 --> 00:53:30,160
you know 30 40 years of publication

1556
00:53:35,109 --> 00:53:32,480
history whereas kenneth did

1557
00:53:37,270 --> 00:53:35,119
and before well before he had published

1558
00:53:39,910 --> 00:53:37,280
in but had collected those first samples

1559
00:53:41,990 --> 00:53:39,920
at blackwater murray springs was in

1560
00:53:43,670 --> 00:53:42,000
touch with kenneth laid it all out for

1561
00:53:45,270 --> 00:53:43,680
him what he was finding

1562
00:53:47,270 --> 00:53:45,280
went through the possibilities and as

1563
00:53:48,870 --> 00:53:47,280
kenneth says in a great nova episode

1564
00:53:50,549 --> 00:53:48,880
that i've got a link to we can talk some

1565
00:53:52,470 --> 00:53:50,559
more about that later and what happened

1566
00:53:53,589 --> 00:53:52,480
to that nova episode when our book was

1567
00:53:55,910 --> 00:53:53,599
burned

1568
00:53:57,670 --> 00:53:55,920
but uh still available on youtube uh

1569
00:53:59,270 --> 00:53:57,680
kenneth talks about his fascination as a

1570
00:54:01,109 --> 00:53:59,280
child with the the loss of the

1571
00:54:02,710 --> 00:54:01,119
playstation megafauna

1572
00:54:04,309 --> 00:54:02,720
and he was from new zealand and been

1573
00:54:07,190 --> 00:54:04,319
fascinated that that all these great

1574
00:54:09,030 --> 00:54:07,200
creatures had gone away in north america

1575
00:54:11,109 --> 00:54:09,040
and actually does a very touching thing

1576
00:54:12,470 --> 00:54:11,119
on the program where he shows his diary

1577
00:54:14,950 --> 00:54:12,480
as a 10 year old kid and he's got

1578
00:54:17,589 --> 00:54:14,960
mammoth strong in his little diary in

1579
00:54:19,430 --> 00:54:17,599
the margin it was just really neat and

1580
00:54:22,549 --> 00:54:19,440
it maintained a fascination with it now

1581
00:54:25,109 --> 00:54:22,559
his specialty was paleo oceanography and

1582
00:54:27,589 --> 00:54:25,119
not only was it his specialty but he was

1583
00:54:30,069 --> 00:54:27,599
the founder is often referred to as the

1584
00:54:32,950 --> 00:54:30,079
founder of the discipline worldwide of

1585
00:54:34,790 --> 00:54:32,960
paleo oceanography the study of uh you

1586
00:54:36,790 --> 00:54:34,800
know the ancient climate and ancient

1587
00:54:39,670 --> 00:54:36,800
conditions um

1588
00:54:41,510 --> 00:54:39,680
uh in marine sciences you know from the

1589
00:54:42,950 --> 00:54:41,520
deep deep past well then then you'd know

1590
00:54:43,829 --> 00:54:42,960
jerry dickens wouldn't you or he would

1591
00:54:47,510 --> 00:54:43,839
yeah

1592
00:54:48,710 --> 00:54:47,520
uh

1593
00:54:51,349 --> 00:54:48,720
kind of becoming a friend of mine a

1594
00:54:53,589 --> 00:54:51,359
friend of ours uh loves the show

1595
00:54:57,270 --> 00:54:53,599
yeah we just had him last uh last week

1596
00:54:58,870 --> 00:54:57,280
uh he you know i understand the the

1597
00:55:00,230 --> 00:54:58,880
uh the sciences are fairly you know

1598
00:55:03,109 --> 00:55:00,240
fairly close he actually he was the one

1599
00:55:05,829 --> 00:55:03,119
that got me in touch with with jim

1600
00:55:07,510 --> 00:55:05,839
a couple months ago so jim was the chief

1601
00:55:09,349 --> 00:55:07,520
scientist on one of those ships and it

1602
00:55:10,309 --> 00:55:09,359
might have been the one that dickinson's

1603
00:55:12,549 --> 00:55:10,319
own

1604
00:55:13,829 --> 00:55:12,559
at one time the uh jim was chief office

1605
00:55:15,349 --> 00:55:13,839
on the court on several quarrying

1606
00:55:17,829 --> 00:55:15,359
expeditions

1607
00:55:18,950 --> 00:55:17,839
i mean that's a hell of a you know of a

1608
00:55:21,349 --> 00:55:18,960
cv

1609
00:55:23,270 --> 00:55:21,359
and he also was very involved with wally

1610
00:55:24,870 --> 00:55:23,280
broker who's you know well regarded and

1611
00:55:26,230 --> 00:55:24,880
i have a great amount of respect for him

1612
00:55:27,349 --> 00:55:26,240
even though he's a critic and it's kind

1613
00:55:29,910 --> 00:55:27,359
of you know

1614
00:55:32,630 --> 00:55:29,920
giving some support to some of our more

1615
00:55:33,430 --> 00:55:32,640
uh virulent critics but while he broker

1616
00:55:36,470 --> 00:55:33,440
you know

1617
00:55:38,630 --> 00:55:36,480
did a lot of foundational science on the

1618
00:55:40,390 --> 00:55:38,640
period that we're talking about and jim

1619
00:55:42,309 --> 00:55:40,400
did as well

1620
00:55:44,470 --> 00:55:42,319
and jim established for instance that

1621
00:55:47,109 --> 00:55:44,480
the mississippi river was a tremendous

1622
00:55:49,910 --> 00:55:47,119
outlet prior to the yd

1623
00:55:52,150 --> 00:55:49,920
for racial ice melt now when the event

1624
00:55:54,470 --> 00:55:52,160
happened it turned the other way it

1625
00:55:55,510 --> 00:55:54,480
clogged up that hole and he noticed that

1626
00:55:57,190 --> 00:55:55,520
too

1627
00:55:59,430 --> 00:55:57,200
and he had a lot of outstanding

1628
00:56:00,870 --> 00:55:59,440
questions by the time that that wes got

1629
00:56:02,150 --> 00:56:00,880
to him with this stuff and provide him

1630
00:56:03,670 --> 00:56:02,160
with the firestone information and

1631
00:56:05,510 --> 00:56:03,680
firestone of course was involved as well

1632
00:56:08,390 --> 00:56:05,520
i don't mean to leave them out

1633
00:56:11,270 --> 00:56:08,400
that you had two renowned scientists

1634
00:56:12,789 --> 00:56:11,280
and you know

1635
00:56:14,309 --> 00:56:12,799
well i would call alan's nothing less

1636
00:56:19,109 --> 00:56:14,319
than a polymath he's probably one of the

1637
00:56:23,270 --> 00:56:21,270
science folks we've got in the u.s you

1638
00:56:24,470 --> 00:56:23,280
know employed in private sector

1639
00:56:25,829 --> 00:56:24,480
um

1640
00:56:27,510 --> 00:56:25,839
they got together and said well there's

1641
00:56:30,630 --> 00:56:27,520
something here

1642
00:56:34,150 --> 00:56:30,640
and they began a larger uh

1643
00:56:35,829 --> 00:56:34,160
testing uh uh array and and got samples

1644
00:56:38,390 --> 00:56:35,839
from a number of locations across north

1645
00:56:40,870 --> 00:56:38,400
america greatly expanded by now

1646
00:56:42,549 --> 00:56:40,880
and i was in touch with him at that time

1647
00:56:44,309 --> 00:56:42,559
and we wanted to go out and dig around

1648
00:56:46,630 --> 00:56:44,319
in some carolina bays and that's really

1649
00:56:48,789 --> 00:56:46,640
how i got to be a part of the papers i

1650
00:56:50,710 --> 00:56:48,799
kind of consider myself the bat boy or

1651
00:56:50,870 --> 00:56:50,720
the ball boy for the professional team

1652
00:56:52,549 --> 00:56:50,880
here

1653
00:56:56,230 --> 00:56:52,559
[Laughter]

1654
00:56:57,589 --> 00:56:56,240
23 phds and me kind of thing

1655
00:56:59,430 --> 00:56:57,599
which is where i'm coming from and that

1656
00:57:00,950 --> 00:56:59,440
may show over the thing that i do not

1657
00:57:02,390 --> 00:57:00,960
have a specific discipline that i can

1658
00:57:04,069 --> 00:57:02,400
dig all the way down in and tell you

1659
00:57:06,309 --> 00:57:04,079
everything i'm a generalist general so

1660
00:57:07,510 --> 00:57:06,319
i'm a mile wide and i hope six inches

1661
00:57:10,150 --> 00:57:07,520
deep

1662
00:57:11,829 --> 00:57:10,160
um but i was so fascinated by it so

1663
00:57:13,030 --> 00:57:11,839
fascinated by the carolina bays and then

1664
00:57:15,190 --> 00:57:13,040
they came back and tell me they're

1665
00:57:17,589 --> 00:57:15,200
finding stuff all over the country at

1666
00:57:19,589 --> 00:57:17,599
that 13 000 year level

1667
00:57:21,270 --> 00:57:19,599
and i said i'd love to help and i'd love

1668
00:57:24,309 --> 00:57:21,280
to do some some

1669
00:57:26,069 --> 00:57:24,319
sample collection from carolina bays

1670
00:57:28,390 --> 00:57:26,079
has been documented a couple of things i

1671
00:57:30,230 --> 00:57:28,400
mean we must have sent hundreds of

1672
00:57:32,309 --> 00:57:30,240
pounds my poor office manager who still

1673
00:57:33,670 --> 00:57:32,319
works with me tiffany byla

1674
00:57:36,150 --> 00:57:33,680
packed up

1675
00:57:37,829 --> 00:57:36,160
you know dozens of boxes of sand that we

1676
00:57:39,990 --> 00:57:37,839
mailed out to canada at university of

1677
00:57:41,589 --> 00:57:40,000
california santa barbara and they would

1678
00:57:45,190 --> 00:57:41,599
go pick through it

1679
00:57:47,430 --> 00:57:45,200
and very careful scientific manner

1680
00:57:49,270 --> 00:57:47,440
and we would collect them literally on

1681
00:57:51,589 --> 00:57:49,280
the phone with them

1682
00:57:53,589 --> 00:57:51,599
uh early cell couldn't face time and all

1683
00:57:54,950 --> 00:57:53,599
that and allen would visit as well and

1684
00:57:57,510 --> 00:57:54,960
and others

1685
00:57:59,589 --> 00:57:57,520
but we would uh collect the samples and

1686
00:58:01,589 --> 00:57:59,599
send them out to ucsb

1687
00:58:03,270 --> 00:58:01,599
and they would analyze them and then

1688
00:58:04,789 --> 00:58:03,280
report back what they were finding and

1689
00:58:06,309 --> 00:58:04,799
where

1690
00:58:08,470 --> 00:58:06,319
um interesting thing

1691
00:58:11,109 --> 00:58:08,480
uh like in ottawa canada we've got this

1692
00:58:12,710 --> 00:58:11,119
one a place called uh the art house cafe

1693
00:58:15,510 --> 00:58:12,720
it's it's essentially like this

1694
00:58:17,190 --> 00:58:15,520
the artist's cafe slash you know bar

1695
00:58:18,390 --> 00:58:17,200
hangout it's also kind of like a shared

1696
00:58:20,630 --> 00:58:18,400
space

1697
00:58:22,630 --> 00:58:20,640
oh it is it's run by a friend of mine

1698
00:58:24,069 --> 00:58:22,640
who like you know we used to have like a

1699
00:58:25,510 --> 00:58:24,079
band back in the day and then we lost

1700
00:58:27,910 --> 00:58:25,520
touch and i just realized like oh man

1701
00:58:29,190 --> 00:58:27,920
you run this place so i actually found

1702
00:58:30,789 --> 00:58:29,200
out the last time it was there about a

1703
00:58:33,589 --> 00:58:30,799
week and a half ago

1704
00:58:35,829 --> 00:58:33,599
that the place that firestone is sending

1705
00:58:38,069 --> 00:58:35,839
his samples up here in canada i actually

1706
00:58:38,870 --> 00:58:38,079
met the guy who runs the lab

1707
00:58:40,710 --> 00:58:38,880
who's

1708
00:58:42,470 --> 00:58:40,720
testing the samples

1709
00:58:44,390 --> 00:58:42,480
here in ottawa

1710
00:58:46,230 --> 00:58:44,400
like just randomly at my friend's cafe i

1711
00:58:48,470 --> 00:58:46,240
think the name is on the tip of my

1712
00:58:49,670 --> 00:58:48,480
tongue could you um i forget what it was

1713
00:58:51,430 --> 00:58:49,680
i had a couple beers yeah there is

1714
00:58:54,309 --> 00:58:51,440
somebody it's not james bishop he's with

1715
00:58:57,829 --> 00:58:54,319
usgs um

1716
00:58:59,270 --> 00:58:57,839
oh who's the canadian helper up there

1717
00:59:01,430 --> 00:58:59,280
i could you know if i had five minutes

1718
00:59:03,190 --> 00:59:01,440
and weren't on a live podcast i'd go and

1719
00:59:04,230 --> 00:59:03,200
dig it up yeah i don't think it was on

1720
00:59:05,990 --> 00:59:04,240
the original paper but there's

1721
00:59:07,109 --> 00:59:06,000
definitely the team's grown so large now

1722
00:59:08,870 --> 00:59:07,119
you know it's a little little hard to

1723
00:59:10,309 --> 00:59:08,880
keep track of i just keep running into

1724
00:59:12,789 --> 00:59:10,319
these guys like it's yeah it's like yeah

1725
00:59:14,309 --> 00:59:12,799
yeah they're 55 all of us now i know

1726
00:59:16,950 --> 00:59:14,319
it's a slur it's like i just i i ended

1727
00:59:19,670 --> 00:59:16,960
up having you know like an hour long

1728
00:59:21,829 --> 00:59:19,680
talk with just some random guy over the

1729
00:59:23,430 --> 00:59:21,839
younger driest impact and like you know

1730
00:59:25,510 --> 00:59:23,440
the like black mat like you know like

1731
00:59:26,870 --> 00:59:25,520
what was the cause and you know just

1732
00:59:29,349 --> 00:59:26,880
getting his opinion on it and like this

1733
00:59:31,030 --> 00:59:29,359
is just randomly at some cafe in in in

1734
00:59:31,829 --> 00:59:31,040
like

1735
00:59:33,430 --> 00:59:31,839
that would downtown

1736
00:59:35,589 --> 00:59:33,440
me i'd share the same thrill you did

1737
00:59:37,270 --> 00:59:35,599
because we you know those that that

1738
00:59:39,430 --> 00:59:37,280
follow this stuff you know it's it's

1739
00:59:41,270 --> 00:59:39,440
fairly obscure but it's damned important

1740
00:59:43,030 --> 00:59:41,280
you know and you wish more people knew

1741
00:59:44,710 --> 00:59:43,040
about it because the more people that

1742
00:59:46,950 --> 00:59:44,720
know about it

1743
00:59:48,470 --> 00:59:46,960
you know is just going to uh catalyze

1744
00:59:50,470 --> 00:59:48,480
more interest and hopefully some

1745
00:59:52,230 --> 00:59:50,480
research money at some point

1746
00:59:53,990 --> 00:59:52,240
um but it's a it's neat to run into

1747
00:59:55,750 --> 00:59:54,000
people and i i could put them on one

1748
00:59:57,510 --> 00:59:55,760
hand in the last 15 years that had any

1749
00:59:58,710 --> 00:59:57,520
previous knowledge of it and to run into

1750
01:00:00,230 --> 00:59:58,720
an actual

1751
01:00:01,510 --> 01:00:00,240
you know involved researcher in

1752
01:00:02,950 --> 01:00:01,520
something that you're discussing on

1753
01:00:04,069 --> 01:00:02,960
podcasts you know there in the

1754
01:00:06,230 --> 01:00:04,079
neighborhood

1755
01:00:08,230 --> 01:00:06,240
uh that's really cool

1756
01:00:09,750 --> 01:00:08,240
it's a good sign well yeah no at least

1757
01:00:11,510 --> 01:00:09,760
it means that it's getting out there and

1758
01:00:13,349 --> 01:00:11,520
i know that yeah people like joe rogan

1759
01:00:15,750 --> 01:00:13,359
when he's done his shows with with

1760
01:00:18,549 --> 01:00:15,760
randall carlson and graham hancock you

1761
01:00:20,309 --> 01:00:18,559
know like you all of a sudden have 1.5 2

1762
01:00:22,950 --> 01:00:20,319
million 3 million people who are

1763
01:00:24,150 --> 01:00:22,960
downloading this who who are who are

1764
01:00:26,549 --> 01:00:24,160
disseminating this and then getting

1765
01:00:28,150 --> 01:00:26,559
their friends to watch it so you know i

1766
01:00:29,349 --> 01:00:28,160
can understand from from the scientific

1767
01:00:31,190 --> 01:00:29,359
standpoint where they may have some

1768
01:00:32,870 --> 01:00:31,200
pushback and saying well this is our

1769
01:00:34,710 --> 01:00:32,880
realm this is our domain we're supposed

1770
01:00:36,710 --> 01:00:34,720
to have this you know this this can't

1771
01:00:37,950 --> 01:00:36,720
like the mainstream knows this that's

1772
01:00:40,870 --> 01:00:37,960
right buddy

1773
01:00:42,710 --> 01:00:40,880
apprehensible behavior you know like

1774
01:00:45,109 --> 01:00:42,720
they go nuts over this [\h__\h]

1775
01:00:46,309 --> 01:00:45,119
exactly and that's when i went rogue

1776
01:00:47,670 --> 01:00:46,319
personally because i have absolutely

1777
01:00:49,670 --> 01:00:47,680
nothing to lose

1778
01:00:51,270 --> 01:00:49,680
you know even some of our a lot of our

1779
01:00:52,630 --> 01:00:51,280
team you know they got to keep it in the

1780
01:00:55,109 --> 01:00:52,640
rails and they got to keep it in the

1781
01:00:56,870 --> 01:00:55,119
publications and they can't go blog and

1782
01:00:59,990 --> 01:00:56,880
say anything they want to so i got

1783
01:01:02,230 --> 01:01:00,000
terribly frustrated in 2010 we went out

1784
01:01:04,789 --> 01:01:02,240
to a american quaternary association

1785
01:01:07,030 --> 01:01:04,799
meeting gave fantastic presentations

1786
01:01:08,789 --> 01:01:07,040
were absolutely laughed at and played

1787
01:01:10,789 --> 01:01:08,799
got got the mean girl treatment in the

1788
01:01:11,910 --> 01:01:10,799
halls i mean literally mean girl stuff

1789
01:01:14,789 --> 01:01:11,920
you know

1790
01:01:16,069 --> 01:01:14,799
and it just blew me away and i could

1791
01:01:17,990 --> 01:01:16,079
discuss it more if you want but i'd

1792
01:01:20,230 --> 01:01:18,000
rather not focus on on some of the bad

1793
01:01:22,150 --> 01:01:20,240
stuff and when i left that meeting first

1794
01:01:23,270 --> 01:01:22,160
of all we decided over beers that night

1795
01:01:25,030 --> 01:01:23,280
said we're not going to do any more of

1796
01:01:26,950 --> 01:01:25,040
these damn conferences

1797
01:01:28,069 --> 01:01:26,960
there's been a couple that we've done

1798
01:01:28,789 --> 01:01:28,079
selected

1799
01:01:30,309 --> 01:01:28,799
but

1800
01:01:32,069 --> 01:01:30,319
it's just hopeless we're going to stick

1801
01:01:33,750 --> 01:01:32,079
to working on the publications writing

1802
01:01:35,829 --> 01:01:33,760
the papers collecting the samples

1803
01:01:37,510 --> 01:01:35,839
building the case we're not going to go

1804
01:01:39,510 --> 01:01:37,520
make it to the peers

1805
01:01:40,710 --> 01:01:39,520
because they they don't treat you with

1806
01:01:42,230 --> 01:01:40,720
respect

1807
01:01:45,190 --> 01:01:42,240
it's like a bunch of you know

1808
01:01:46,950 --> 01:01:45,200
five-year-olds it absolutely is and

1809
01:01:48,069 --> 01:01:46,960
that's when i said you know i've got

1810
01:01:49,910 --> 01:01:48,079
nothing to lose i'm going to start a

1811
01:01:51,990 --> 01:01:49,920
blog on this

1812
01:01:56,150 --> 01:01:52,000
and started the cosmic tusks there in

1813
01:01:57,910 --> 01:01:56,160
2010 to try to get in my own in a very

1814
01:01:59,270 --> 01:01:57,920
occasional manner

1815
01:02:01,030 --> 01:01:59,280
some of the information out there in

1816
01:02:02,470 --> 01:02:01,040
some place where you could you know

1817
01:02:04,309 --> 01:02:02,480
check in every month or two and see

1818
01:02:06,309 --> 01:02:04,319
whether anything's happened in it and

1819
01:02:07,510 --> 01:02:06,319
i'm glad i did and also you know take

1820
01:02:08,710 --> 01:02:07,520
some shots at our critics and i

1821
01:02:10,710 --> 01:02:08,720
certainly do

1822
01:02:13,190 --> 01:02:10,720
uh mark baslow for instance if you go

1823
01:02:15,750 --> 01:02:13,200
click on the right you know uh sidebar

1824
01:02:17,270 --> 01:02:15,760
the cosmic task i got the boss files and

1825
01:02:19,349 --> 01:02:17,280
follow his critiques which have become

1826
01:02:20,789 --> 01:02:19,359
quite muted lately i might add

1827
01:02:22,630 --> 01:02:20,799
um

1828
01:02:24,470 --> 01:02:22,640
in fact it disappeared i'm sure i'll

1829
01:02:26,230 --> 01:02:24,480
hear from it tomorrow

1830
01:02:27,430 --> 01:02:26,240
but uh but i just wanted to start

1831
01:02:28,549 --> 01:02:27,440
looking at these guys and say who are

1832
01:02:29,750 --> 01:02:28,559
some of these folks you know and what

1833
01:02:31,349 --> 01:02:29,760
are they saying and what's driving them

1834
01:02:33,109 --> 01:02:31,359
what's motivating them and where are

1835
01:02:34,789 --> 01:02:33,119
they wrong in their in their critique so

1836
01:02:37,190 --> 01:02:34,799
that's a significant part of the task

1837
01:02:39,750 --> 01:02:37,200
and it was built off the frustration

1838
01:02:41,829 --> 01:02:39,760
of of getting the the cold shoulder at

1839
01:02:44,069 --> 01:02:41,839
these these conferences they should be

1840
01:02:45,910 --> 01:02:44,079
inviting us those conferences

1841
01:02:48,789 --> 01:02:45,920
you know and having honest and open

1842
01:02:51,750 --> 01:02:48,799
debate about the science instead of the

1843
01:02:53,829 --> 01:02:51,760
dismissive stuff that's going on

1844
01:02:55,510 --> 01:02:53,839
well isn't there there's this one

1845
01:02:56,789 --> 01:02:55,520
uh this one saying i'm trying to bring

1846
01:02:58,230 --> 01:02:56,799
it up here first they ignore you then

1847
01:03:00,630 --> 01:02:58,240
they laugh at you then they fight you

1848
01:03:01,670 --> 01:03:00,640
then you win

1849
01:03:03,829 --> 01:03:01,680
i think i think at this point you're

1850
01:03:05,829 --> 01:03:03,839
pretty much like almost at the wind part

1851
01:03:13,670 --> 01:03:05,839
well much more encouraging than science

1852
01:03:17,829 --> 01:03:15,670
yeah good ideas die one people all the

1853
01:03:19,270 --> 01:03:17,839
time and i mean honest to goodness i i

1854
01:03:20,710 --> 01:03:19,280
said to antonio zamora one of the

1855
01:03:22,069 --> 01:03:20,720
carolina bay researchers the other day

1856
01:03:23,109 --> 01:03:22,079
and he's not particularly old he's in

1857
01:03:25,029 --> 01:03:23,119
great health

1858
01:03:26,549 --> 01:03:25,039
but i said hey keep your health up

1859
01:03:28,150 --> 01:03:26,559
you're doing a great job but a lot of

1860
01:03:30,309 --> 01:03:28,160
these guys are in their 60s most of them

1861
01:03:32,390 --> 01:03:30,319
are retired and that gives a lot of them

1862
01:03:33,829 --> 01:03:32,400
more freedom to publish you know there's

1863
01:03:36,230 --> 01:03:33,839
a lot about them

1864
01:03:37,190 --> 01:03:36,240
they just have nothing to give

1865
01:03:39,829 --> 01:03:37,200
yeah yeah

1866
01:03:43,589 --> 01:03:39,839
exactly no more [\h__\h] to give exactly

1867
01:03:45,270 --> 01:03:43,599
and um exactly but have 35 40-year

1868
01:03:46,630 --> 01:03:45,280
records of publication and then they go

1869
01:03:47,829 --> 01:03:46,640
yeah i know this stuff i always figured

1870
01:03:49,349 --> 01:03:47,839
this was true

1871
01:03:51,270 --> 01:03:49,359
i always figured plato was probably

1872
01:03:54,549 --> 01:03:51,280
right too much happened

1873
01:03:57,029 --> 01:03:54,559
9 000 years before his time as he said

1874
01:03:58,470 --> 01:03:57,039
no you know there's just a lot out there

1875
01:04:00,390 --> 01:03:58,480
and you don't even you know they're

1876
01:04:02,309 --> 01:04:00,400
they're different chapters of the

1877
01:04:04,309 --> 01:04:02,319
the of the understanding of this stuff

1878
01:04:06,069 --> 01:04:04,319
and it goes back hell ignatius donnelly

1879
01:04:07,829 --> 01:04:06,079
was a u.s congressman and wrote some of

1880
01:04:09,910 --> 01:04:07,839
these early books about atlantis god

1881
01:04:11,510 --> 01:04:09,920
save us for bringing the term up but the

1882
01:04:12,870 --> 01:04:11,520
whole atlantis thing they've been

1883
01:04:14,950 --> 01:04:12,880
thousands of bucks well that's what

1884
01:04:16,630 --> 01:04:14,960
we're talking about yeah pretty much now

1885
01:04:18,950 --> 01:04:16,640
do i claim there's a lost continent hell

1886
01:04:20,150 --> 01:04:18,960
no does it bother the hell out of some

1887
01:04:22,390 --> 01:04:20,160
of these scientists and some of our

1888
01:04:23,910 --> 01:04:22,400
critics that it may justify all the

1889
01:04:25,990 --> 01:04:23,920
woo-woo folks who claim that there was a

1890
01:04:27,270 --> 01:04:26,000
lost continent you damn right it does

1891
01:04:29,270 --> 01:04:27,280
you know this is the whole point of the

1892
01:04:32,230 --> 01:04:29,280
show our mission is to

1893
01:04:33,829 --> 01:04:32,240
get drunk on scotch find atlantis

1894
01:04:35,430 --> 01:04:33,839
there you go buddy so that that is our

1895
01:04:37,829 --> 01:04:35,440
main mission and we're getting there one

1896
01:04:40,789 --> 01:04:37,839
guest at a time um and speaking of one

1897
01:04:42,069 --> 01:04:40,799
guest at a time i also have uh questions

1898
01:04:43,109 --> 01:04:42,079
that come in through youtube that i try

1899
01:04:44,470 --> 01:04:43,119
and throw it there every now and again

1900
01:04:46,470 --> 01:04:44,480
to be able to continue on the

1901
01:04:47,670 --> 01:04:46,480
conversation and sometimes we just spice

1902
01:04:51,270 --> 01:04:47,680
it up a bit

1903
01:04:54,230 --> 01:04:51,280
uh this is from lee veltman and he asks

1904
01:04:55,589 --> 01:04:54,240
what is the most dismissive issue oh and

1905
01:04:58,470 --> 01:04:55,599
my wife just sent me a text message

1906
01:05:00,309 --> 01:04:58,480
which uh is honey just let you know

1907
01:05:02,470 --> 01:05:00,319
those actually appear on screen for

1908
01:05:05,589 --> 01:05:02,480
everyone to see and

1909
01:05:07,750 --> 01:05:05,599
it actually says no getting drunk

1910
01:05:09,510 --> 01:05:07,760
uh because of lord is that me no no

1911
01:05:12,150 --> 01:05:09,520
that's for me my wife actually sent me a

1912
01:05:14,150 --> 01:05:12,160
text message and it appears on messenger

1913
01:05:15,109 --> 01:05:14,160
and it scrolled over to your side of the

1914
01:05:17,270 --> 01:05:15,119
screen

1915
01:05:19,910 --> 01:05:17,280
which which actually said you know no

1916
01:05:21,430 --> 01:05:19,920
getting drunk so see i can't see you i

1917
01:05:23,029 --> 01:05:21,440
think i've got it set up a little wrong

1918
01:05:24,230 --> 01:05:23,039
should i be able to see you now no

1919
01:05:25,430 --> 01:05:24,240
because i turned off my camera so that

1920
01:05:28,230 --> 01:05:25,440
it doesn't hurt in the bottom right hand

1921
01:05:30,069 --> 01:05:28,240
corner so um no there will be no getting

1922
01:05:32,309 --> 01:05:30,079
drunk tonight but that is the overall

1923
01:05:33,750 --> 01:05:32,319
arching joke theme

1924
01:05:35,270 --> 01:05:33,760
if she can hear me

1925
01:05:37,670 --> 01:05:35,280
heavy drinking and drunking or not

1926
01:05:39,430 --> 01:05:37,680
necessarily contemporaneous well no i

1927
01:05:41,589 --> 01:05:39,440
understand that it's just the whole you

1928
01:05:43,029 --> 01:05:41,599
know it's the snoring thing you you have

1929
01:05:44,630 --> 01:05:43,039
several scotches

1930
01:05:46,870 --> 01:05:44,640
more than you actually expect to you

1931
01:05:49,670 --> 01:05:46,880
come home you get to get to bed and then

1932
01:05:52,470 --> 01:05:49,680
you start you know i snore like a like a

1933
01:05:55,190 --> 01:05:52,480
velociraptor as it were so i we're

1934
01:05:57,190 --> 01:05:55,200
brothers from another mother my friend

1935
01:05:59,430 --> 01:05:57,200
darn darn straight but again as they say

1936
01:06:00,470 --> 01:05:59,440
happy wife happy life so i i i have to

1937
01:06:02,630 --> 01:06:00,480
keep things in the up and up in the

1938
01:06:05,190 --> 01:06:02,640
street one of my few shortcomings that i

1939
01:06:06,870 --> 01:06:05,200
i'm periodically loud in the evenings i

1940
01:06:09,029 --> 01:06:06,880
know but it's it actually appeared on

1941
01:06:10,150 --> 01:06:09,039
screen so this is now you know on the

1942
01:06:11,349 --> 01:06:10,160
show because

1943
01:06:14,870 --> 01:06:11,359
because

1944
01:06:16,470 --> 01:06:14,880
so now that my wife knows that she has

1945
01:06:18,630 --> 01:06:16,480
this power she can actually comment and

1946
01:06:19,829 --> 01:06:18,640
everyone can see it now so uh honey if

1947
01:06:22,789 --> 01:06:19,839
you're out there and you're listening i

1948
01:06:25,109 --> 01:06:22,799
love you to death and it's okay i i will

1949
01:06:27,349 --> 01:06:25,119
i'll behave i'll be happy saving the

1950
01:06:29,029 --> 01:06:27,359
planet oh i'm saving the planet one one

1951
01:06:31,029 --> 01:06:29,039
scotch class at a time

1952
01:06:33,990 --> 01:06:31,039
um so yeah what is the most

1953
01:06:35,510 --> 01:06:34,000
contemporarious uh as i mentioned before

1954
01:06:36,870 --> 01:06:35,520
uh and she just said i love you oh i

1955
01:06:37,910 --> 01:06:36,880
love you too honey

1956
01:06:39,029 --> 01:06:37,920
um

1957
01:06:41,349 --> 01:06:39,039
so for all those that are out there

1958
01:06:43,589 --> 01:06:41,359
watching yes my wife is now part of the

1959
01:06:44,710 --> 01:06:43,599
show apparently by text message which

1960
01:06:49,270 --> 01:06:44,720
i'm gonna try and make a thing yeah

1961
01:06:53,750 --> 01:06:51,990
well i'd say i'll give you a

1962
01:06:55,190 --> 01:06:53,760
example of one thing that was they

1963
01:06:58,390 --> 01:06:55,200
thought that they had just

1964
01:06:59,510 --> 01:06:58,400
that that was most damaging okay

1965
01:07:01,270 --> 01:06:59,520
that's i guess a way of getting

1966
01:07:02,390 --> 01:07:01,280
contentiousness at least from our side

1967
01:07:04,870 --> 01:07:02,400
find it very contentious where you're

1968
01:07:06,309 --> 01:07:04,880
like oh my god it's so unfair and then

1969
01:07:11,190 --> 01:07:06,319
then i'll give you another one that's in

1970
01:07:14,150 --> 01:07:11,200
my mind but in 2010 or 11 um a group of

1971
01:07:16,549 --> 01:07:14,160
the the usual suspects certainly by this

1972
01:07:19,270 --> 01:07:16,559
time and at that time is relatively new

1973
01:07:23,029 --> 01:07:19,280
we were you know rock and roll in 2007

1974
01:07:24,789 --> 01:07:23,039
2008 2009 you know there's uh getting

1975
01:07:25,750 --> 01:07:24,799
more and more publicity

1976
01:07:27,910 --> 01:07:25,760
uh

1977
01:07:30,950 --> 01:07:27,920
they did the nova episode the cadillac

1978
01:07:33,190 --> 01:07:30,960
of science tv you know did a wonderful

1979
01:07:35,029 --> 01:07:33,200
one-hour episode there's about six hours

1980
01:07:36,789 --> 01:07:35,039
of international science tv on it

1981
01:07:39,589 --> 01:07:36,799
hundreds of articles

1982
01:07:42,309 --> 01:07:39,599
people start to follow up and etc in in

1983
01:07:43,670 --> 01:07:42,319
uh guy i think it's andrew scott in the

1984
01:07:45,910 --> 01:07:43,680
uk

1985
01:07:49,910 --> 01:07:45,920
and another bunch i've actually got the

1986
01:07:53,349 --> 01:07:49,920
paper here i could probably plug it up

1987
01:07:55,510 --> 01:07:53,359
but did a little three-page screed that

1988
01:07:57,510 --> 01:07:55,520
said the carbon spherules that we were

1989
01:07:59,109 --> 01:07:57,520
claiming you know was one of the impact

1990
01:08:02,549 --> 01:07:59,119
proxy was actually

1991
01:08:04,230 --> 01:08:02,559
bug [\h__\h] and fungus bug [\h__\h] and fungus

1992
01:08:05,109 --> 01:08:04,240
yeah that sounds like a very good punk

1993
01:08:07,029 --> 01:08:05,119
band

1994
01:08:09,430 --> 01:08:07,039
yeah yeah bug [\h__\h] and fungus exactly

1995
01:08:11,109 --> 01:08:09,440
and they pumped us bad

1996
01:08:14,549 --> 01:08:11,119
um

1997
01:08:19,430 --> 01:08:15,430
but

1998
01:08:22,070 --> 01:08:20,870
i'm happy to put it up or you should put

1999
01:08:23,669 --> 01:08:22,080
it up in your links because the

2000
01:08:25,110 --> 01:08:23,679
interesting thing is if i ever sit you

2001
01:08:26,470 --> 01:08:25,120
know try to explain to somebody that's

2002
01:08:28,470 --> 01:08:26,480
really interested in or read the papers

2003
01:08:30,070 --> 01:08:28,480
and stuff let's say read this paper

2004
01:08:32,950 --> 01:08:30,080
here's the one one of the ones that

2005
01:08:35,510 --> 01:08:32,960
knocked us out of the box a three pager

2006
01:08:37,829 --> 01:08:35,520
where they took bugs and fungus took

2007
01:08:40,070 --> 01:08:37,839
some selective photos of it and said

2008
01:08:41,990 --> 01:08:40,080
this could be misinterpreted as these

2009
01:08:43,430 --> 01:08:42,000
vesicular carbon sphericals that they're

2010
01:08:46,149 --> 01:08:43,440
finding

2011
01:08:47,749 --> 01:08:46,159
okay first of all just as you don't need

2012
01:08:50,149 --> 01:08:47,759
to go much further than this in my mind

2013
01:08:51,910 --> 01:08:50,159
they did it with optical microscopes

2014
01:08:54,070 --> 01:08:51,920
we're sitting there with transmission

2015
01:08:56,870 --> 01:08:54,080
electron microscopes going down if we

2016
01:08:58,390 --> 01:08:56,880
need to all the way to the atomic level

2017
01:09:00,229 --> 01:08:58,400
looking at this stuff with some of the

2018
01:09:02,070 --> 01:09:00,239
most sophisticated instrumentation that

2019
01:09:02,950 --> 01:09:02,080
one could obtain

2020
01:09:05,430 --> 01:09:02,960
okay

2021
01:09:06,950 --> 01:09:05,440
and and they're working with with

2022
01:09:08,470 --> 01:09:06,960
optical microphones that happened later

2023
01:09:11,349 --> 01:09:08,480
again particularly with with todd

2024
01:09:13,110 --> 01:09:11,359
surville's criticism of the the

2025
01:09:15,829 --> 01:09:13,120
of the microspherules

2026
01:09:17,269 --> 01:09:15,839
where we're we're using a a

2027
01:09:22,630 --> 01:09:17,279
a

2028
01:09:24,630 --> 01:09:22,640
meter lens

2029
01:09:26,630 --> 01:09:24,640
and they're they're using a

2030
01:09:27,829 --> 01:09:26,640
binoculars and they're trying to tell us

2031
01:09:29,829 --> 01:09:27,839
what they see and that we're seeing the

2032
01:09:33,349 --> 01:09:29,839
wrong thing and first of all you're not

2033
01:09:34,630 --> 01:09:33,359
going to get people like kenneth and

2034
01:09:37,349 --> 01:09:34,640
you know i'm looking at some of the

2035
01:09:39,030 --> 01:09:37,359
other folks and uh you know uh

2036
01:09:41,749 --> 01:09:39,040
trying to find the ones that are most

2037
01:09:45,590 --> 01:09:41,759
appropriate looking down here

2038
01:09:47,590 --> 01:09:45,600
uh paul miuski peter der pereira robert

2039
01:09:50,149 --> 01:09:47,600
peretta or whatever up there in new york

2040
01:09:52,229 --> 01:09:50,159
uh thomas dora these are geochemists you

2041
01:09:55,350 --> 01:09:52,239
know that are pretty sophisticated folks

2042
01:09:57,750 --> 01:09:55,360
they are not going to misinterpret

2043
01:09:59,990 --> 01:09:57,760
carbon material is being organically

2044
01:10:01,910 --> 01:10:00,000
produced by bugs or fungus from

2045
01:10:03,270 --> 01:10:01,920
something that was produced by high

2046
01:10:05,270 --> 01:10:03,280
temperature

2047
01:10:07,189 --> 01:10:05,280
flames in the in you know high

2048
01:10:09,110 --> 01:10:07,199
temperature intense events

2049
01:10:10,870 --> 01:10:09,120
we're not going to make that mistake but

2050
01:10:12,229 --> 01:10:10,880
then it comes out then the counter

2051
01:10:13,669 --> 01:10:12,239
stories come out you can't blame the

2052
01:10:15,910 --> 01:10:13,679
press um

2053
01:10:18,790 --> 01:10:15,920
any more than they generally are today

2054
01:10:21,590 --> 01:10:18,800
they come out series of stories you know

2055
01:10:23,910 --> 01:10:21,600
bug poop these guys were wrong bug poop

2056
01:10:25,830 --> 01:10:23,920
and it makes it funny it was also very

2057
01:10:27,830 --> 01:10:25,840
ingenious you know that they tied us to

2058
01:10:31,110 --> 01:10:27,840
something that's funny you know

2059
01:10:32,790 --> 01:10:31,120
international you know uh uh intense

2060
01:10:33,830 --> 01:10:32,800
interest over

2061
01:10:35,830 --> 01:10:33,840
ancient

2062
01:10:38,630 --> 01:10:35,840
impact turns out to be driven by

2063
01:10:40,310 --> 01:10:38,640
misidentified bug [\h__\h]

2064
01:10:42,470 --> 01:10:40,320
well you can just imagine where you just

2065
01:10:45,189 --> 01:10:42,480
want to pull your hair out

2066
01:10:46,790 --> 01:10:45,199
so that we didn't miss oh you know uh

2067
01:10:48,709 --> 01:10:46,800
it's funny yeah absolutely i'll give you

2068
01:10:50,630 --> 01:10:48,719
a good one ted bunch you know he used to

2069
01:10:52,550 --> 01:10:50,640
be head of astrobiology there at nasa or

2070
01:10:55,910 --> 01:10:52,560
something like that but he's also damn

2071
01:10:57,750 --> 01:10:55,920
it he was there with with the shoemaker

2072
01:10:59,590 --> 01:10:57,760
uh you know when they were proving that

2073
01:11:01,750 --> 01:10:59,600
these things happened in the early 60s

2074
01:11:04,229 --> 01:11:01,760
ted continues to publish with us

2075
01:11:06,229 --> 01:11:04,239
he's 78 years old i hope i didn't give

2076
01:11:08,630 --> 01:11:06,239
him an extra year or two he's got twin

2077
01:11:11,270 --> 01:11:08,640
girls that i think are 15. he's fit as a

2078
01:11:14,950 --> 01:11:11,280
fiddle one of the smartest men i know a

2079
01:11:18,070 --> 01:11:14,960
wonderful person has a history with nasa

2080
01:11:19,510 --> 01:11:18,080
and impact research and particularly

2081
01:11:22,070 --> 01:11:19,520
the

2082
01:11:23,669 --> 01:11:22,080
microscopy of impact research looking at

2083
01:11:25,189 --> 01:11:23,679
tiny things to tell what happened on the

2084
01:11:26,709 --> 01:11:25,199
big scale

2085
01:11:28,470 --> 01:11:26,719
and to say that ted missed something

2086
01:11:30,630 --> 01:11:28,480
like this and it was actually bug [\h__\h]

2087
01:11:31,669 --> 01:11:30,640
it's just an insult and they've got to

2088
01:11:35,830 --> 01:11:31,679
know that

2089
01:11:37,990 --> 01:11:35,840
but but it it makes good slap back

2090
01:11:39,910 --> 01:11:38,000
science the problem with this stuff is

2091
01:11:41,910 --> 01:11:39,920
you don't get another turn it's human

2092
01:11:43,189 --> 01:11:41,920
nature and it's the nature of the press

2093
01:11:45,510 --> 01:11:43,199
not that it's all been completely

2094
01:11:47,510 --> 01:11:45,520
suppressed and is all over anything and

2095
01:11:49,790 --> 01:11:47,520
not that don't swing back and forth but

2096
01:11:52,470 --> 01:11:49,800
it definitely the

2097
01:11:55,030 --> 01:11:52,480
2010-2011 period where particularly in

2098
01:11:57,669 --> 01:11:55,040
2011 they published

2099
01:12:00,310 --> 01:11:57,679
the younger driest impact hypothesis

2100
01:12:02,950 --> 01:12:00,320
colon a requiem

2101
01:12:04,630 --> 01:12:02,960
a requirement i heard that and that was

2102
01:12:07,189 --> 01:12:04,640
that was also

2103
01:12:08,550 --> 01:12:07,199
slapped back with a

2104
01:12:09,910 --> 01:12:08,560
with further

2105
01:12:11,990 --> 01:12:09,920
uh oh

2106
01:12:14,390 --> 01:12:12,000
well like like again if i'm not mistaken

2107
01:12:16,790 --> 01:12:14,400
like that came out and then uh

2108
01:12:19,110 --> 01:12:16,800
randall and and uh graham went back on

2109
01:12:20,470 --> 01:12:19,120
joe rogan and they tore that to pieces

2110
01:12:23,590 --> 01:12:20,480
and pretty much anybody who's under the

2111
01:12:25,830 --> 01:12:23,600
age of 50 who watch that show is

2112
01:12:27,590 --> 01:12:25,840
you know like to the scientists they're

2113
01:12:29,510 --> 01:12:27,600
going to like they're they're they're

2114
01:12:31,510 --> 01:12:29,520
going towards the scientists their

2115
01:12:33,189 --> 01:12:31,520
target audience is the scientists if

2116
01:12:34,630 --> 01:12:33,199
you're focusing at the mainstream if

2117
01:12:36,229 --> 01:12:34,640
you're focusing to the to your average

2118
01:12:38,390 --> 01:12:36,239
regular person you'll piss off the

2119
01:12:40,229 --> 01:12:38,400
scientists but at the end of the day

2120
01:12:42,630 --> 01:12:40,239
you're going to actually

2121
01:12:43,990 --> 01:12:42,640
uh focus on what is most important which

2122
01:12:45,830 --> 01:12:44,000
is getting the regular people to

2123
01:12:47,990 --> 01:12:45,840
basically say the scientists who are

2124
01:12:50,550 --> 01:12:48,000
saying well no it's bug [\h__\h] that it

2125
01:12:52,790 --> 01:12:50,560
makes them less credible in everyone

2126
01:12:54,390 --> 01:12:52,800
else's eyes if their only desires to be

2127
01:12:56,070 --> 01:12:54,400
credible within their own field and

2128
01:12:57,750 --> 01:12:56,080
that's their only care

2129
01:12:59,350 --> 01:12:57,760
and they need to know it's like well the

2130
01:13:01,350 --> 01:12:59,360
rest of them the rest of the world is

2131
01:13:02,229 --> 01:13:01,360
laughing at you and thinks you're full

2132
01:13:03,990 --> 01:13:02,239
of [\h__\h]

2133
01:13:06,709 --> 01:13:04,000
so it doesn't matter right you know i

2134
01:13:08,790 --> 01:13:06,719
didn't think that was the path again

2135
01:13:11,030 --> 01:13:08,800
i was naive and for somebody who worked

2136
01:13:12,950 --> 01:13:11,040
for six years in hardball politics and

2137
01:13:14,630 --> 01:13:12,960
we were in a particularly hardball brand

2138
01:13:16,390 --> 01:13:14,640
involved in white water and all sorts of

2139
01:13:18,070 --> 01:13:16,400
other stuff right

2140
01:13:20,390 --> 01:13:18,080
that was a pretty good cynic when i was

2141
01:13:22,310 --> 01:13:20,400
30 years old by the time this stuff it

2142
01:13:24,950 --> 01:13:22,320
all happened i was 40 it brought me to a

2143
01:13:26,950 --> 01:13:24,960
new depth and i had thought that when we

2144
01:13:28,709 --> 01:13:26,960
did this stuff in seven eight nine and

2145
01:13:31,510 --> 01:13:28,719
10 that you didn't need the public that

2146
01:13:33,669 --> 01:13:31,520
the scientific method would work and it

2147
01:13:35,669 --> 01:13:33,679
would prevail and i wanted public

2148
01:13:37,030 --> 01:13:35,679
interest everybody likes public interest

2149
01:13:40,070 --> 01:13:37,040
but i didn't think that was going to be

2150
01:13:43,590 --> 01:13:40,080
necessary to turn it that good science

2151
01:13:44,870 --> 01:13:43,600
good analytics good publications would

2152
01:13:47,910 --> 01:13:44,880
win the day

2153
01:13:50,310 --> 01:13:47,920
and whoo was i wrong you know and that's

2154
01:13:52,390 --> 01:13:50,320
when i went the direction personally for

2155
01:13:55,830 --> 01:13:52,400
what that's worth that you're speaking

2156
01:13:58,390 --> 01:13:55,840
of right now that it is going to require

2157
01:13:59,270 --> 01:13:58,400
such an intense public interest

2158
01:14:01,189 --> 01:13:59,280
that

2159
01:14:03,270 --> 01:14:01,199
they have got to get a better game on

2160
01:14:05,510 --> 01:14:03,280
because you can't put it away and that's

2161
01:14:06,709 --> 01:14:05,520
why randall carlson like for instance

2162
01:14:07,990 --> 01:14:06,719
and i hate to say this even though i

2163
01:14:10,070 --> 01:14:08,000
loved his book

2164
01:14:11,430 --> 01:14:10,080
uh you know fingerprints in the original

2165
01:14:12,630 --> 01:14:11,440
book and when i read that it was

2166
01:14:14,229 --> 01:14:12,640
probably

2167
01:14:16,070 --> 01:14:14,239
i was into this for a year or two the

2168
01:14:17,830 --> 01:14:16,080
book was a year too old i read

2169
01:14:19,990 --> 01:14:17,840
fingerprints and i just was tearing my

2170
01:14:22,229 --> 01:14:20,000
hair out going oh my gosh he's almost

2171
01:14:25,350 --> 01:14:22,239
there this guy is

2172
01:14:27,110 --> 01:14:25,360
interpolating from oral traditions and

2173
01:14:29,830 --> 01:14:27,120
other

2174
01:14:33,270 --> 01:14:29,840
non-standard non-analytical evidence

2175
01:14:35,590 --> 01:14:33,280
that something the hell happened 13 000

2176
01:14:37,189 --> 01:14:35,600
years ago exactly and there i was just

2177
01:14:39,750 --> 01:14:37,199
becoming involved

2178
01:14:41,590 --> 01:14:39,760
in a body of analytical science that

2179
01:14:43,270 --> 01:14:41,600
said yeah we're finding evidence

2180
01:14:44,950 --> 01:14:43,280
something happened 13 000 years ago so i

2181
01:14:48,470 --> 01:14:44,960
was like oh my god graham hancock he

2182
01:14:49,910 --> 01:14:48,480
just i wish he would get on this and

2183
01:14:51,669 --> 01:14:49,920
he did about five years ago and you

2184
01:14:54,470 --> 01:14:51,679
could see it coming and i just cheered

2185
01:14:55,830 --> 01:14:54,480
it and i wouldn't what my point is that

2186
01:14:58,229 --> 01:14:55,840
i wouldn't have thought that a graham

2187
01:15:01,270 --> 01:14:58,239
hancock would have been helpful in 2007

2188
01:15:03,270 --> 01:15:01,280
or 2008. had graham come out right then

2189
01:15:05,510 --> 01:15:03,280
and done a book or whatnot would have

2190
01:15:07,830 --> 01:15:05,520
said oh my gosh you know it's the the

2191
01:15:09,590 --> 01:15:07,840
god bless him but it that's the woo-woo

2192
01:15:11,189 --> 01:15:09,600
side we don't need help from the woo-woo

2193
01:15:13,590 --> 01:15:11,199
side we're going to win this in the in

2194
01:15:14,390 --> 01:15:13,600
the in the publications well that's all

2195
01:15:16,630 --> 01:15:14,400
over

2196
01:15:18,630 --> 01:15:16,640
we need the graham hancocks this world

2197
01:15:20,149 --> 01:15:18,640
he has become a friend of mine uh a

2198
01:15:21,750 --> 01:15:20,159
digital acquaintance mostly but i've met

2199
01:15:23,510 --> 01:15:21,760
him in person as well look forward to

2200
01:15:24,950 --> 01:15:23,520
seeing him again hopefully sometime

2201
01:15:28,709 --> 01:15:24,960
relatively soon

2202
01:15:31,110 --> 01:15:28,719
um and and graham and randall's work is

2203
01:15:32,870 --> 01:15:31,120
absolutely critical to us now and your

2204
01:15:34,709 --> 01:15:32,880
work sir

2205
01:15:36,470 --> 01:15:34,719
that putting it out in the public's

2206
01:15:39,110 --> 01:15:36,480
imagination is where we have to go with

2207
01:15:40,870 --> 01:15:39,120
it now putting me in the same breath as

2208
01:15:42,950 --> 01:15:40,880
as graeme hancock and randall carlson

2209
01:15:44,870 --> 01:15:42,960
and like i i look up to those guys like

2210
01:15:48,070 --> 01:15:44,880
randall's a fellow brother he's also you

2211
01:15:50,149 --> 01:15:48,080
know a freemason and that's yeah yeah

2212
01:15:52,070 --> 01:15:50,159
um to you know the you got the whole

2213
01:15:53,669 --> 01:15:52,080
fraternity thing but at the same time

2214
01:15:55,430 --> 01:15:53,679
it's like his work has been so

2215
01:15:56,870 --> 01:15:55,440
influential in terms of me actually

2216
01:15:59,110 --> 01:15:56,880
starting the show

2217
01:16:00,950 --> 01:15:59,120
in the first place and same thing with

2218
01:16:02,229 --> 01:16:00,960
graham because it's like if i hadn't

2219
01:16:03,590 --> 01:16:02,239
said okay well i want to be able to talk

2220
01:16:05,350 --> 01:16:03,600
to as many interesting people as

2221
01:16:06,870 --> 01:16:05,360
possible because i've got some crazy

2222
01:16:08,950 --> 01:16:06,880
wild ideas myself

2223
01:16:10,630 --> 01:16:08,960
and you know it's like okay well

2224
01:16:12,790 --> 01:16:10,640
this is something fun to do at the same

2225
01:16:14,070 --> 01:16:12,800
time i just love learning cool [\h__\h] and

2226
01:16:17,430 --> 01:16:14,080
i believe that other people have a right

2227
01:16:19,669 --> 01:16:17,440
to people to know it and being able to

2228
01:16:22,790 --> 01:16:19,679
um

2229
01:16:25,510 --> 01:16:22,800
be able to describe

2230
01:16:27,990 --> 01:16:25,520
the importance of

2231
01:16:30,070 --> 01:16:28,000
other people having this knowledge or or

2232
01:16:31,110 --> 01:16:30,080
being able to chew it over in their own

2233
01:16:31,990 --> 01:16:31,120
minds

2234
01:16:32,950 --> 01:16:32,000
is

2235
01:16:34,310 --> 01:16:32,960
something

2236
01:16:38,390 --> 01:16:34,320
you know like you you can't you can't

2237
01:16:40,790 --> 01:16:38,400
hold it you can't uh keep this out of

2238
01:16:42,870 --> 01:16:40,800
people's genies out of the bottle yeah

2239
01:16:45,430 --> 01:16:42,880
you can't hide it you can't surprise it

2240
01:16:47,030 --> 01:16:45,440
it's it's not disgusting exactly well it

2241
01:16:49,110 --> 01:16:47,040
was a product it was been a part of

2242
01:16:51,350 --> 01:16:49,120
cultural both religious tradition you

2243
01:16:54,630 --> 01:16:51,360
know in other cultures as well as

2244
01:16:55,590 --> 01:16:54,640
christian tradition it was also a a part

2245
01:16:56,470 --> 01:16:55,600
of

2246
01:16:58,870 --> 01:16:56,480
uh

2247
01:17:01,510 --> 01:16:58,880
you know speculative science in the in

2248
01:17:03,350 --> 01:17:01,520
the uh 20th century with velikovsky god

2249
01:17:05,189 --> 01:17:03,360
knows don't mention dr v or you know you

2250
01:17:07,189 --> 01:17:05,199
get knocked out of the box right there

2251
01:17:09,030 --> 01:17:07,199
but he was on to something

2252
01:17:12,470 --> 01:17:09,040
you're familiar with him right or aware

2253
01:17:14,630 --> 01:17:12,480
of him and he was absolutely destroyed i

2254
01:17:16,950 --> 01:17:14,640
mean literally picked apart by carl

2255
01:17:18,470 --> 01:17:16,960
sagan and sagan had the potential to be

2256
01:17:20,790 --> 01:17:18,480
a tremendous advocate for this and he

2257
01:17:22,870 --> 01:17:20,800
actually contributed to it significantly

2258
01:17:25,510 --> 01:17:22,880
in doing things like describing the

2259
01:17:27,669 --> 01:17:25,520
origin of the swastika as being from a

2260
01:17:29,030 --> 01:17:27,679
rotating comet

2261
01:17:31,110 --> 01:17:29,040
huh

2262
01:17:32,790 --> 01:17:31,120
oh yeah look that one up that's a great

2263
01:17:36,149 --> 01:17:32,800
rat hole it's been a while

2264
01:17:38,790 --> 01:17:36,159
since absolutely it's been a while

2265
01:17:40,229 --> 01:17:38,800
but but v took it so damn far and did it

2266
01:17:41,910 --> 01:17:40,239
all for moral condition had no

2267
01:17:44,630 --> 01:17:41,920
analytical evidence

2268
01:17:47,350 --> 01:17:44,640
you know and was a kind of a you know a

2269
01:17:50,149 --> 01:17:47,360
a target rich personality

2270
01:17:52,149 --> 01:17:50,159
that uh that that sagan went against him

2271
01:17:54,709 --> 01:17:52,159
and that also was you know shut

2272
01:17:55,990 --> 01:17:54,719
everything down to alvarez

2273
01:17:58,790 --> 01:17:56,000
and that's one of the reasons they had

2274
01:18:00,550 --> 01:17:58,800
such a tough fight even though it wasn't

2275
01:18:02,149 --> 01:18:00,560
within historical times or near

2276
01:18:03,030 --> 01:18:02,159
historical times

2277
01:18:05,990 --> 01:18:03,040
um

2278
01:18:07,830 --> 01:18:06,000
like uh like velikovsky had claimed

2279
01:18:09,669 --> 01:18:07,840
but but just even mentioning that you

2280
01:18:11,189 --> 01:18:09,679
could you know provide any support to

2281
01:18:13,910 --> 01:18:11,199
velikovsky or

2282
01:18:16,470 --> 01:18:13,920
donnelly or hell william whiston you

2283
01:18:18,790 --> 01:18:16,480
know who's a predecessor and cohort of

2284
01:18:21,990 --> 01:18:18,800
of of newton's is absolutely convinced

2285
01:18:24,470 --> 01:18:22,000
that ancient comet had influenced the

2286
01:18:27,270 --> 01:18:24,480
the planet's uh cultures in the past

2287
01:18:29,110 --> 01:18:27,280
uh providing any support to that body of

2288
01:18:30,630 --> 01:18:29,120
of of thinking over the last four or

2289
01:18:32,310 --> 01:18:30,640
five hundred years not to mention you

2290
01:18:34,550 --> 01:18:32,320
know all the way out to plateau

2291
01:18:38,390 --> 01:18:34,560
it was just verboten

2292
01:18:42,470 --> 01:18:38,400
and um and you know we've reaped uh

2293
01:18:42,480 --> 01:18:46,310
oh i'm i'm okay

2294
01:18:50,229 --> 01:18:48,550
i was just coughing

2295
01:18:51,669 --> 01:18:50,239
this vape is pretty strong and some oh

2296
01:18:53,030 --> 01:18:51,679
man

2297
01:18:55,669 --> 01:18:53,040
wrong tube get one of these over the

2298
01:18:57,189 --> 01:18:55,679
counter ones no i i i rj

2299
01:18:59,030 --> 01:18:57,199
salem north carolina i don't even think

2300
01:19:00,149 --> 01:18:59,040
we have that here

2301
01:19:01,669 --> 01:19:00,159
um

2302
01:19:04,390 --> 01:19:01,679
what was i gonna go before i started

2303
01:19:05,430 --> 01:19:04,400
almost caught my lungs out um

2304
01:19:06,830 --> 01:19:05,440
you let me know when you want to see

2305
01:19:08,790 --> 01:19:06,840
some weird

2306
01:19:10,070 --> 01:19:08,800
pictures [\h__\h] it let's see some more

2307
01:19:11,110 --> 01:19:10,080
pictures

2308
01:19:12,550 --> 01:19:11,120
let's go

2309
01:19:13,830 --> 01:19:12,560
well this is not how i thought it'd play

2310
01:19:15,590 --> 01:19:13,840
out i guess we've been talking for more

2311
01:19:17,270 --> 01:19:15,600
than an hour which is great because i

2312
01:19:19,110 --> 01:19:17,280
was so nervous about the power points

2313
01:19:21,189 --> 01:19:19,120
now i don't know exactly how we'd want

2314
01:19:22,709 --> 01:19:21,199
to do this do we want to do a yd

2315
01:19:25,110 --> 01:19:22,719
powerpoint to introduce people that

2316
01:19:26,709 --> 01:19:25,120
might not be familiar with the basics of

2317
01:19:28,709 --> 01:19:26,719
it you want to jump into carolina bay's

2318
01:19:31,030 --> 01:19:28,719
which is better eye candy maybe well you

2319
01:19:33,350 --> 01:19:31,040
know let's just i'm going to let you

2320
01:19:34,790 --> 01:19:33,360
picture it i've got my my square square

2321
01:19:37,990 --> 01:19:34,800
box my image

2322
01:19:39,189 --> 01:19:38,000
uh which is now in a much uh much lower

2323
01:19:41,510 --> 01:19:39,199
let's see if we can pull it off

2324
01:19:43,990 --> 01:19:41,520
technically first for our guests and not

2325
01:19:46,149 --> 01:19:44,000
have them hang up and uh disconnect so

2326
01:19:47,910 --> 01:19:46,159
please don't disconnect in fact can you

2327
01:19:49,990 --> 01:19:47,920
see that plea please do go to

2328
01:19:51,270 --> 01:19:50,000
patreon.com

2329
01:19:52,390 --> 01:19:51,280
the show

2330
01:19:54,310 --> 01:19:52,400
if we can actually up to a certain

2331
01:19:55,750 --> 01:19:54,320
amount i can actually hire somebody to

2332
01:19:58,390 --> 01:19:55,760
take care of the production for me so i

2333
01:20:01,030 --> 01:19:58,400
can focus on the interviews or today

2334
01:20:03,430 --> 01:20:01,040
it's funny just just send your your cv

2335
01:20:08,390 --> 01:20:03,440
into info denver.com

2336
01:20:09,590 --> 01:20:08,400
and uh join our intern contest

2337
01:20:11,830 --> 01:20:09,600
get us caught

2338
01:20:13,910 --> 01:20:11,840
where you can win uh a chance to get me

2339
01:20:15,590 --> 01:20:13,920
coffee on a daily basis whenever we do a

2340
01:20:18,070 --> 01:20:15,600
show think about that ladies and

2341
01:20:19,030 --> 01:20:18,080
gentlemen info denive.com send in your

2342
01:20:20,229 --> 01:20:19,040
cv

2343
01:20:21,830 --> 01:20:20,239
and we will

2344
01:20:23,189 --> 01:20:21,840
get you on as a as the official dental

2345
01:20:24,470 --> 01:20:23,199
floor intern

2346
01:20:26,550 --> 01:20:24,480
so you can share your screen i've got

2347
01:20:29,110 --> 01:20:26,560
you i've got you on the big screen now

2348
01:20:31,270 --> 01:20:29,120
so uh you see my first slide i cannot

2349
01:20:33,110 --> 01:20:31,280
see your first slide i can see your uh

2350
01:20:34,070 --> 01:20:33,120
uh am i not sharing no you're not

2351
01:20:37,830 --> 01:20:34,080
sharing

2352
01:20:44,950 --> 01:20:40,470
can you still see me i can still see you

2353
01:20:51,030 --> 01:20:44,960
okay i love the informality um

2354
01:20:53,910 --> 01:20:52,390
yes i can

2355
01:20:55,030 --> 01:20:53,920
okay

2356
01:20:57,750 --> 01:20:55,040
there we go

2357
01:21:01,430 --> 01:20:59,590
now i'd like to say that my power points

2358
01:21:03,270 --> 01:21:01,440
are such that i could you know do the

2359
01:21:05,350 --> 01:21:03,280
formatting in the initial slides here

2360
01:21:08,950 --> 01:21:05,360
the first two thirds of it

2361
01:21:10,470 --> 01:21:08,960
uh but uh i worked a little bit on it uh

2362
01:21:13,189 --> 01:21:10,480
but most of this comes out of the group

2363
01:21:14,870 --> 01:21:13,199
this is a standard presentation um i

2364
01:21:17,110 --> 01:21:14,880
mean it probably hasn't been given 20 30

2365
01:21:19,110 --> 01:21:17,120
times but but we share it amongst

2366
01:21:20,709 --> 01:21:19,120
ourselves okay

2367
01:21:22,709 --> 01:21:20,719
um

2368
01:21:24,950 --> 01:21:22,719
or amongst ourselves to give if somebody

2369
01:21:26,229 --> 01:21:24,960
needs to go talk i've given it once or

2370
01:21:29,350 --> 01:21:26,239
twice

2371
01:21:32,229 --> 01:21:29,360
to nc state uh astronomy club once and

2372
01:21:34,870 --> 01:21:32,239
also to nc state here in raleigh uh like

2373
01:21:37,110 --> 01:21:34,880
uh uh older folks interested in science

2374
01:21:38,709 --> 01:21:37,120
stuff club okay diamonds comments and

2375
01:21:40,310 --> 01:21:38,719
mammoths that's kind of the original

2376
01:21:42,070 --> 01:21:40,320
team there

2377
01:21:43,430 --> 01:21:42,080
and i hope you'll put a link to it or

2378
01:21:44,630 --> 01:21:43,440
we'll otherwise put it up later if

2379
01:21:46,790 --> 01:21:44,640
people want to check on some of those

2380
01:21:50,149 --> 01:21:46,800
people all of them are googleable and as

2381
01:21:51,990 --> 01:21:50,159
i say that's 23 phds in me

2382
01:21:52,790 --> 01:21:52,000
uh happy to be along there as the bat

2383
01:21:54,870 --> 01:21:52,800
boy

2384
01:21:56,790 --> 01:21:54,880
and you've got alan west who i've

2385
01:21:58,550 --> 01:21:56,800
mentioned ted bunch of nasa

2386
01:22:00,629 --> 01:21:58,560
james whittke you know wonderful

2387
01:22:03,110 --> 01:22:00,639
researcher out at university arizona al

2388
01:22:04,950 --> 01:22:03,120
good you're a fascinating cat man i'm

2389
01:22:06,790 --> 01:22:04,960
sure you've heard of him who if he

2390
01:22:08,870 --> 01:22:06,800
didn't have enough trouble on his hands

2391
01:22:11,430 --> 01:22:08,880
claiming that the topper site in south

2392
01:22:13,910 --> 01:22:11,440
carolina might have lithic debris that

2393
01:22:16,550 --> 01:22:13,920
dates back 50 000 years

2394
01:22:17,990 --> 01:22:16,560
he invited more trouble okay when he

2395
01:22:19,669 --> 01:22:18,000
signed on to this but that's because

2396
01:22:21,590 --> 01:22:19,679
he's a you know got a lot of integrity

2397
01:22:23,030 --> 01:22:21,600
jim kennett who we've mentioned doug

2398
01:22:24,470 --> 01:22:23,040
kenneth his son

2399
01:22:25,750 --> 01:22:24,480
you gotta you gotta believe in something

2400
01:22:27,990 --> 01:22:25,760
if you get your son involved with it

2401
01:22:30,470 --> 01:22:28,000
he's just beginning his career uh jim

2402
01:22:32,470 --> 01:22:30,480
kenneth paid the paleolithium son doug

2403
01:22:34,470 --> 01:22:32,480
was particularly helpful uh particularly

2404
01:22:35,590 --> 01:22:34,480
early on uh doesn't have as much time

2405
01:22:37,910 --> 01:22:35,600
for it now

2406
01:22:40,470 --> 01:22:37,920
um but as an anthropologist and he got

2407
01:22:43,990 --> 01:22:40,480
firestone luanne becker another cosmic

2408
01:22:46,629 --> 01:22:44,000
geochemist pete schultz big win there

2409
01:22:49,510 --> 01:22:46,639
you know nasa guy runs the big gun you

2410
01:22:51,510 --> 01:22:49,520
know the the the impact uh

2411
01:22:53,830 --> 01:22:51,520
reproduction gun at the nasa ames center

2412
01:22:55,750 --> 01:22:53,840
bob pereira i think is a geochemist on

2413
01:22:58,070 --> 01:22:55,760
and on and on john erlinson

2414
01:23:00,870 --> 01:22:58,080
anthropologists there at uh one of the

2415
01:23:03,030 --> 01:23:00,880
california institutions i could i could

2416
01:23:05,750 --> 01:23:03,040
keep going but these are serious people

2417
01:23:07,669 --> 01:23:05,760
going deeper in their paul majewski you

2418
01:23:09,910 --> 01:23:07,679
know collected some samples for us and

2419
01:23:11,830 --> 01:23:09,920
has been on some papers um in greenland

2420
01:23:13,510 --> 01:23:11,840
hell he's had a whole 60 minutes on him

2421
01:23:16,070 --> 01:23:13,520
before okay

2422
01:23:18,790 --> 01:23:16,080
malcolm lacomp there is a is truly a

2423
01:23:20,229 --> 01:23:18,800
rocket scientist and a close personal

2424
01:23:22,950 --> 01:23:20,239
friend i've traveled to jordan with him

2425
01:23:24,950 --> 01:23:22,960
on an archaeological dig uh another punk

2426
01:23:27,189 --> 01:23:24,960
like me it's not 23 and not me david

2427
01:23:28,470 --> 01:23:27,199
kimball was not a phd and was a good

2428
01:23:31,030 --> 01:23:28,480
buddy he loved the days here in north

2429
01:23:32,870 --> 01:23:31,040
carolina on and on wendy wohlbach at the

2430
01:23:35,110 --> 01:23:32,880
end

2431
01:23:37,430 --> 01:23:35,120
she is the number one expert in burned

2432
01:23:38,790 --> 01:23:37,440
stuff

2433
01:23:40,390 --> 01:23:38,800
of soot

2434
01:23:42,550 --> 01:23:40,400
yeah that's a

2435
01:23:43,910 --> 01:23:42,560
subject that is awesome she actually

2436
01:23:46,390 --> 01:23:43,920
said this event i just heard this

2437
01:23:47,990 --> 01:23:46,400
yesterday uh second hand from her she

2438
01:23:50,470 --> 01:23:48,000
said on this next paper we have coming

2439
01:23:53,669 --> 01:23:50,480
out blockbuster paper coming up

2440
01:23:56,149 --> 01:23:53,679
on the burning events um she said the

2441
01:23:59,189 --> 01:23:56,159
burn that the the

2442
01:24:00,629 --> 01:23:59,199
obfuscation of light from above was so

2443
01:24:02,229 --> 01:24:00,639
complete that it would have been near

2444
01:24:07,910 --> 01:24:02,239
100

2445
01:24:11,270 --> 01:24:07,920
much black carbon and and material was

2446
01:24:12,149 --> 01:24:11,280
was launched from the fires

2447
01:24:13,510 --> 01:24:12,159
uh

2448
01:24:16,070 --> 01:24:13,520
okay

2449
01:24:17,990 --> 01:24:16,080
the three ice age anomalies

2450
01:24:19,189 --> 01:24:18,000
you know anomalies are instructive when

2451
01:24:20,790 --> 01:24:19,199
you find something that doesn't make

2452
01:24:22,470 --> 01:24:20,800
sense and you can figure out the answer

2453
01:24:24,790 --> 01:24:22,480
you're going to learn something

2454
01:24:26,390 --> 01:24:24,800
one is the megaphone extinction fancy

2455
01:24:28,390 --> 01:24:26,400
word for saying those big beasts that

2456
01:24:29,910 --> 01:24:28,400
roamed across north america so many

2457
01:24:31,910 --> 01:24:29,920
years ago and we'll see more about them

2458
01:24:34,070 --> 01:24:31,920
sending tens of millions of animals

2459
01:24:36,790 --> 01:24:34,080
suddenly when it stinked

2460
01:24:41,510 --> 01:24:36,800
only event and more than 300 3.5 million

2461
01:24:43,590 --> 01:24:41,520
years of of that kind of magnitude

2462
01:24:46,229 --> 01:24:43,600
and it did not happen instantly we often

2463
01:24:47,910 --> 01:24:46,239
get criticized that this is or people

2464
01:24:49,669 --> 01:24:47,920
laugh and say oh yeah it fraud all the

2465
01:24:51,669 --> 01:24:49,679
ma'am essentially yeah it was a bad bad

2466
01:24:53,430 --> 01:24:51,679
day there's no question that there were

2467
01:24:55,430 --> 01:24:53,440
a lot of survivors it was just whether

2468
01:24:57,590 --> 01:24:55,440
they could keep their

2469
01:24:59,669 --> 01:24:57,600
you know their ecosystem and you know

2470
01:25:01,750 --> 01:24:59,679
get their their life away is humming

2471
01:25:02,870 --> 01:25:01,760
after that a lot of them failed so you

2472
01:25:04,629 --> 01:25:02,880
got the megaphone extinctions

2473
01:25:06,550 --> 01:25:04,639
unexplained the return of the ice age

2474
01:25:08,870 --> 01:25:06,560
during the younger driest is unexplained

2475
01:25:11,030 --> 01:25:08,880
why did it go from a warming period that

2476
01:25:12,470 --> 01:25:11,040
was actually i've heard

2477
01:25:14,870 --> 01:25:12,480
even though there was a giant ice sheet

2478
01:25:17,830 --> 01:25:14,880
slightly warmer than it is today

2479
01:25:20,390 --> 01:25:17,840
then uh even with a two mile

2480
01:25:22,470 --> 01:25:20,400
tall ice sheet just north of chicago

2481
01:25:23,990 --> 01:25:22,480
maybe over chicago dropped tennessee

2482
01:25:25,590 --> 01:25:24,000
there suddenly

2483
01:25:27,350 --> 01:25:25,600
um

2484
01:25:29,830 --> 01:25:27,360
and the only such interglacial event

2485
01:25:32,149 --> 01:25:29,840
there in two million years

2486
01:25:33,830 --> 01:25:32,159
excuse me a very sudden cold snap

2487
01:25:35,350 --> 01:25:33,840
and then the sudden major adaption of

2488
01:25:37,110 --> 01:25:35,360
the very first north american

2489
01:25:39,510 --> 01:25:37,120
paleo-indian culture

2490
01:25:42,229 --> 01:25:39,520
uh well let's not say the very first but

2491
01:25:43,669 --> 01:25:42,239
the most accepted and uh widely regarded

2492
01:25:45,430 --> 01:25:43,679
and studied culture even though it's

2493
01:25:47,830 --> 01:25:45,440
tremendously controversial

2494
01:25:49,910 --> 01:25:47,840
uh the clovis culture what happened to

2495
01:25:53,030 --> 01:25:49,920
them so you got three things that were

2496
01:25:55,110 --> 01:25:53,040
that are unanswered despite a tremendous

2497
01:25:57,590 --> 01:25:55,120
amount of research time being put into

2498
01:25:59,990 --> 01:25:57,600
each of them

2499
01:26:01,830 --> 01:26:00,000
all around 12 000 years ago the question

2500
01:26:04,229 --> 01:26:01,840
is that coincidental are those three

2501
01:26:06,149 --> 01:26:04,239
things related

2502
01:26:07,830 --> 01:26:06,159
we propose that the answer that is yeah

2503
01:26:08,950 --> 01:26:07,840
they are related and that was an et

2504
01:26:10,870 --> 01:26:08,960
impact

2505
01:26:12,790 --> 01:26:10,880
so why should you care i think your

2506
01:26:15,910 --> 01:26:12,800
audience knows pretty well

2507
01:26:17,910 --> 01:26:15,920
uh more will hit us in the future uh

2508
01:26:20,229 --> 01:26:17,920
they can change climate rapidly which is

2509
01:26:22,790 --> 01:26:20,239
obviously a big subject today

2510
01:26:24,629 --> 01:26:22,800
for reasons uh that that we're giving

2511
01:26:26,470 --> 01:26:24,639
you know different causes for they can

2512
01:26:28,310 --> 01:26:26,480
cause mega tsunamis a particular

2513
01:26:30,229 --> 01:26:28,320
interest of mine that i find fascinating

2514
01:26:31,830 --> 01:26:30,239
and extinctions could happen including

2515
01:26:33,030 --> 01:26:31,840
hours

2516
01:26:35,590 --> 01:26:33,040
now

2517
01:26:37,830 --> 01:26:35,600
all this said i focus on the past i'm

2518
01:26:39,350 --> 01:26:37,840
not a repent now i don't study this so

2519
01:26:41,510 --> 01:26:39,360
that we can save ourselves in the future

2520
01:26:43,110 --> 01:26:41,520
necessarily but more out of interest in

2521
01:26:45,430 --> 01:26:43,120
what happened in the past

2522
01:26:47,270 --> 01:26:45,440
and uh small impacts could obliterate a

2523
01:26:49,030 --> 01:26:47,280
city and we saw that at chelsea just a

2524
01:26:53,110 --> 01:26:49,040
couple years ago the mammoths couldn't

2525
01:26:57,510 --> 01:26:54,870
so the anomaly of the extinctions let's

2526
01:26:58,790 --> 01:26:57,520
take a look at it um

2527
01:27:00,629 --> 01:26:58,800
it was all in north america twelve

2528
01:27:02,310 --> 01:27:00,639
thousand uh nine hundred years ago all

2529
01:27:04,470 --> 01:27:02,320
of these beasts were here

2530
01:27:06,790 --> 01:27:04,480
none are here today um

2531
01:27:08,870 --> 01:27:06,800
it was unusual many have been around for

2532
01:27:10,310 --> 01:27:08,880
for millions of years obviously it

2533
01:27:12,229 --> 01:27:10,320
evolved

2534
01:27:13,590 --> 01:27:12,239
and persisted uh despite a lot of

2535
01:27:17,990 --> 01:27:13,600
different challenges

2536
01:27:20,229 --> 01:27:18,000
uh including the mastodon your mammoth

2537
01:27:22,550 --> 01:27:20,239
trouble switching here the american

2538
01:27:24,310 --> 01:27:22,560
horse you know that all went extinct and

2539
01:27:26,950 --> 01:27:24,320
we only got horses back when the spanish

2540
01:27:29,430 --> 01:27:26,960
brought it back the camel a lot of camel

2541
01:27:31,510 --> 01:27:29,440
always found at these sites fascinating

2542
01:27:33,110 --> 01:27:31,520
i've got a one of our our work sites

2543
01:27:35,030 --> 01:27:33,120
down in in texas actually they

2544
01:27:37,510 --> 01:27:35,040
discovered a lot of camel there actually

2545
01:27:40,629 --> 01:27:37,520
on a place that we were involved with

2546
01:27:42,870 --> 01:27:40,639
um so let's look if you go back uh 35

2547
01:27:46,550 --> 01:27:42,880
million years you know you got less than

2548
01:27:48,149 --> 01:27:46,560
four species it sting 29 million years

2549
01:27:49,990 --> 01:27:48,159
you know negligible negligible

2550
01:27:50,950 --> 01:27:50,000
negligible forty thousand seventy

2551
01:27:52,470 --> 01:27:50,960
thousand years you know kind of

2552
01:27:55,030 --> 01:27:52,480
run-of-the-mill extinctions who knows

2553
01:27:58,830 --> 01:27:55,040
what causes them and then

2554
01:28:04,470 --> 01:28:01,510
thirty-five different genera which

2555
01:28:06,709 --> 01:28:04,480
include a lot of different species

2556
01:28:10,390 --> 01:28:06,719
everything from glyptodons you know

2557
01:28:12,629 --> 01:28:10,400
giant armadillos to you know uh a giant

2558
01:28:15,669 --> 01:28:12,639
slaw you know things people didn't eat

2559
01:28:18,229 --> 01:28:15,679
but we'll get to that in a minute

2560
01:28:19,910 --> 01:28:18,239
uh over 2000 times the previous levels

2561
01:28:21,590 --> 01:28:19,920
of extinction so if there's a baseline

2562
01:28:22,709 --> 01:28:21,600
extinction rate it blew it out of the

2563
01:28:24,709 --> 01:28:22,719
water

2564
01:28:26,470 --> 01:28:24,719
and a greater extension than anything

2565
01:28:28,470 --> 01:28:26,480
since 14 million years ago which is

2566
01:28:30,550 --> 01:28:28,480
associated with a german crater called

2567
01:28:31,669 --> 01:28:30,560
the rise crater it's a lot of research

2568
01:28:33,590 --> 01:28:31,679
it's been done with and that was

2569
01:28:36,629 --> 01:28:33,600
obviously a bad day for earth but that

2570
01:28:39,750 --> 01:28:36,639
was very very distant something very

2571
01:28:41,830 --> 01:28:39,760
unusual occurred to cause this

2572
01:28:43,590 --> 01:28:41,840
what do they think caused it two leading

2573
01:28:44,870 --> 01:28:43,600
hypothesis and i know this was plowing

2574
01:28:46,390 --> 01:28:44,880
grounds you've been down chris and

2575
01:28:47,590 --> 01:28:46,400
probably a lot of your your your

2576
01:28:49,510 --> 01:28:47,600
listeners but

2577
01:28:52,550 --> 01:28:49,520
but we've got to provide the background

2578
01:28:54,070 --> 01:28:52,560
for sure human overkill okay which is

2579
01:28:55,830 --> 01:28:54,080
the clovis people came in and killed him

2580
01:28:57,030 --> 01:28:55,840
or climate change that's the two leading

2581
01:29:02,149 --> 01:28:57,040
hypothesis

2582
01:29:04,070 --> 01:29:02,159
the animals had no fear they either came

2583
01:29:06,070 --> 01:29:04,080
you know controversial but

2584
01:29:08,550 --> 01:29:06,080
came from the west over the bering land

2585
01:29:11,270 --> 01:29:08,560
bridge or came by sea in the past four

2586
01:29:13,189 --> 01:29:11,280
pounds possibly came by c from the east

2587
01:29:15,270 --> 01:29:13,199
uh the two second hypothesis more

2588
01:29:17,110 --> 01:29:15,280
controversial than the first but one way

2589
01:29:18,790 --> 01:29:17,120
or another they got here the animals had

2590
01:29:19,990 --> 01:29:18,800
no fear so they hunted them to

2591
01:29:21,830 --> 01:29:20,000
extinction

2592
01:29:23,270 --> 01:29:21,840
seems plausible

2593
01:29:25,510 --> 01:29:23,280
you know they did have a lethal

2594
01:29:27,110 --> 01:29:25,520
technology that was you know is not

2595
01:29:29,189 --> 01:29:27,120
noted before in the archaeological

2596
01:29:31,030 --> 01:29:29,199
record they had the fluted clovis point

2597
01:29:33,350 --> 01:29:31,040
you know

2598
01:29:35,030 --> 01:29:33,360
beautiful beautiful points i hope to one

2599
01:29:36,550 --> 01:29:35,040
day purchase one but those things are

2600
01:29:39,030 --> 01:29:36,560
expensive

2601
01:29:41,350 --> 01:29:39,040
um lethal enough to kill millions of

2602
01:29:42,870 --> 01:29:41,360
animals

2603
01:29:44,470 --> 01:29:42,880
yeah they're at least enough to kill an

2604
01:29:46,629 --> 01:29:44,480
animal but they're only two thousand to

2605
01:29:49,270 --> 01:29:46,639
ten thousand clovis people

2606
01:29:50,629 --> 01:29:49,280
so how do so few kill so many they

2607
01:29:53,750 --> 01:29:50,639
killed mice

2608
01:29:55,430 --> 01:29:53,760
hyenas cheetahs lions wolves and

2609
01:29:57,669 --> 01:29:55,440
vultures

2610
01:30:00,709 --> 01:29:57,679
birds when it stinks

2611
01:30:02,950 --> 01:30:00,719
200 the last bird you know with ten

2612
01:30:05,750 --> 01:30:02,960
thousand people humans in asia and

2613
01:30:07,910 --> 01:30:05,760
europe do not cause the same things

2614
01:30:09,990 --> 01:30:07,920
they have no naive prey on maybe true

2615
01:30:12,709 --> 01:30:10,000
for north america but let's look at

2616
01:30:14,310 --> 01:30:12,719
siberian extinctions even if the clovis

2617
01:30:17,189 --> 01:30:14,320
people had managed to hunt all these

2618
01:30:19,030 --> 01:30:17,199
beasts down one by one including things

2619
01:30:20,950 --> 01:30:19,040
that you did not eat like gigantic

2620
01:30:22,470 --> 01:30:20,960
armadillos okay

2621
01:30:25,910 --> 01:30:22,480
and vultures

2622
01:30:28,550 --> 01:30:25,920
even if they manage to do that um

2623
01:30:30,470 --> 01:30:28,560
how do we how do we go find that in in

2624
01:30:32,149 --> 01:30:30,480
other extinctions in other places in the

2625
01:30:33,750 --> 01:30:32,159
northern hemisphere

2626
01:30:36,229 --> 01:30:33,760
like siberia

2627
01:30:38,229 --> 01:30:36,239
there's 202 dated mammoth sites in

2628
01:30:39,669 --> 01:30:38,239
siberia that are

2629
01:30:42,550 --> 01:30:39,679
some of them the last some of them

2630
01:30:43,669 --> 01:30:42,560
before but are clearly before 13 000

2631
01:30:45,430 --> 01:30:43,679
years ago

2632
01:30:47,510 --> 01:30:45,440
that's where the people lived

2633
01:30:48,629 --> 01:30:47,520
those are the people sites that's the

2634
01:30:50,550 --> 01:30:48,639
red

2635
01:30:54,470 --> 01:30:50,560
okay now that's a hell of a long hunt

2636
01:30:56,149 --> 01:30:54,480
for a man a hype for a mammoth isn't it

2637
01:31:01,030 --> 01:30:56,159
if that's the only place the people

2638
01:31:04,790 --> 01:31:02,470
you'd have to have a lot of people up

2639
01:31:06,229 --> 01:31:04,800
there that have not been discovered yet

2640
01:31:08,070 --> 01:31:06,239
and they've done plenty of paleo

2641
01:31:09,430 --> 01:31:08,080
discoveries in the south

2642
01:31:11,430 --> 01:31:09,440
looks like those uh those mammoths that

2643
01:31:12,950 --> 01:31:11,440
have been found like flash frozen

2644
01:31:15,350 --> 01:31:12,960
in like siberia

2645
01:31:16,390 --> 01:31:15,360
that's right that's right how did that

2646
01:31:18,870 --> 01:31:16,400
happen

2647
01:31:21,189 --> 01:31:18,880
that's right and there there were not

2648
01:31:22,629 --> 01:31:21,199
people 13 000 years ago up there not

2649
01:31:25,830 --> 01:31:22,639
much you had one

2650
01:31:27,990 --> 01:31:25,840
got most of them downstairs

2651
01:31:30,070 --> 01:31:28,000
one clova sage mammoth site north of

2652
01:31:32,470 --> 01:31:30,080
northern siberia animals that stink

2653
01:31:33,910 --> 01:31:32,480
there too so

2654
01:31:35,669 --> 01:31:33,920
um

2655
01:31:37,590 --> 01:31:35,679
so you know it's instructive what

2656
01:31:39,350 --> 01:31:37,600
happened in siberia humans surely

2657
01:31:40,310 --> 01:31:39,360
contributed the extensions but the only

2658
01:31:42,629 --> 01:31:40,320
cause

2659
01:31:44,550 --> 01:31:42,639
let's look at the climate hypothesis the

2660
01:31:46,870 --> 01:31:44,560
number two reason

2661
01:31:48,070 --> 01:31:46,880
extinction and the changes yd cooling

2662
01:31:49,990 --> 01:31:48,080
began

2663
01:31:52,790 --> 01:31:50,000
again it might have been slightly warmer

2664
01:31:54,390 --> 01:31:52,800
or kind of like it is today more or less

2665
01:31:56,870 --> 01:31:54,400
and then all of a sudden the ice it

2666
01:31:59,590 --> 01:31:56,880
re-advanced the glaciers started their

2667
01:32:01,270 --> 01:31:59,600
march forward again temperatures plunged

2668
01:32:03,110 --> 01:32:01,280
animals died out

2669
01:32:04,709 --> 01:32:03,120
but it seems like then if that's what

2670
01:32:06,790 --> 01:32:04,719
happened and it was the climate we know

2671
01:32:08,629 --> 01:32:06,800
that the climate did change dramatically

2672
01:32:10,470 --> 01:32:08,639
it seems like that severe temperature

2673
01:32:11,990 --> 01:32:10,480
changes are there any others in the past

2674
01:32:14,950 --> 01:32:12,000
well yeah there are if you look at the

2675
01:32:18,149 --> 01:32:14,960
vostok ice cores ice core in antarctica

2676
01:32:20,070 --> 01:32:18,159
looking back for 400 000 years very

2677
01:32:21,510 --> 01:32:20,080
regular pattern

2678
01:32:23,669 --> 01:32:21,520
and that would have included all of

2679
01:32:25,430 --> 01:32:23,679
those animals were you know of their

2680
01:32:26,709 --> 01:32:25,440
same form and has fully evolved in the

2681
01:32:29,270 --> 01:32:26,719
same kind of creatures that they were

2682
01:32:31,110 --> 01:32:29,280
when they went extinct but look

2683
01:32:32,390 --> 01:32:31,120
you had brief warm periods and long

2684
01:32:34,870 --> 01:32:32,400
colds

2685
01:32:36,470 --> 01:32:34,880
100 000 year average each time after

2686
01:32:38,149 --> 01:32:36,480
that hundred thousand just regular as

2687
01:32:41,270 --> 01:32:38,159
clockwork and that's probably my lock of

2688
01:32:43,430 --> 01:32:41,280
it cycles and all that stuff the

2689
01:32:45,350 --> 01:32:43,440
the e.t things that may have happened

2690
01:32:47,750 --> 01:32:45,360
would be in between those things you

2691
01:32:51,990 --> 01:32:47,760
know that's the actual earth's

2692
01:32:54,149 --> 01:32:52,000
tilt there uh each time it plunged um

2693
01:32:56,709 --> 01:32:54,159
it was much more dramatic than actually

2694
01:32:58,950 --> 01:32:56,719
what happened at the yd

2695
01:33:01,270 --> 01:32:58,960
right

2696
01:33:04,229 --> 01:33:01,280
past was much worse but no major

2697
01:33:06,709 --> 01:33:04,239
extinctions exact same animals

2698
01:33:08,470 --> 01:33:06,719
so in antarctica the yd was mild extinct

2699
01:33:11,830 --> 01:33:08,480
in south america

2700
01:33:13,590 --> 01:33:11,840
extensions were unique to a milder yd so

2701
01:33:15,590 --> 01:33:13,600
it was a milder even though it's known

2702
01:33:17,990 --> 01:33:15,600
as a dramatic climate crash if you're

2703
01:33:20,070 --> 01:33:18,000
looking over 500 000 years it was

2704
01:33:24,870 --> 01:33:20,080
relatively mild but somehow it managed

2705
01:33:29,030 --> 01:33:27,430
so uh just from a climate crash so it

2706
01:33:30,709 --> 01:33:29,040
couldn't you know the point there if i'm

2707
01:33:33,030 --> 01:33:30,719
not making clear enough is that it can't

2708
01:33:35,110 --> 01:33:33,040
be just climate or the climate would

2709
01:33:38,229 --> 01:33:35,120
have already taken them down there was

2710
01:33:40,390 --> 01:33:38,239
something else going on

2711
01:33:42,149 --> 01:33:40,400
so the third anomaly is the clovis

2712
01:33:43,350 --> 01:33:42,159
adaptions the change for the clovis

2713
01:33:44,550 --> 01:33:43,360
people

2714
01:33:46,709 --> 01:33:44,560
uh

2715
01:33:48,870 --> 01:33:46,719
twelve thousand years ago the the clovis

2716
01:33:50,390 --> 01:33:48,880
artifacts disappeared and clovis but the

2717
01:33:52,870 --> 01:33:50,400
name of the people and the name of their

2718
01:33:55,669 --> 01:33:52,880
distinctive spear point afterward the

2719
01:33:57,270 --> 01:33:55,679
folsom and redstone points appear and

2720
01:33:58,470 --> 01:33:57,280
we'll look at some of those

2721
01:34:01,189 --> 01:33:58,480
why

2722
01:34:03,590 --> 01:34:01,199
no more mammoths climate comet

2723
01:34:05,430 --> 01:34:03,600
let's review the evidence

2724
01:34:08,550 --> 01:34:05,440
so

2725
01:34:11,110 --> 01:34:08,560
if you look at evidence for mammoths

2726
01:34:13,189 --> 01:34:11,120
they all go out here well in alaska

2727
01:34:14,950 --> 01:34:13,199
evidence shows one bottleneck or

2728
01:34:17,669 --> 01:34:14,960
bottlenecks declines in permanent

2729
01:34:19,030 --> 01:34:17,679
migrations extinctions

2730
01:34:21,830 --> 01:34:19,040
so the mammoth

2731
01:34:23,270 --> 01:34:21,840
goes out blinks out there at 12 9.

2732
01:34:25,189 --> 01:34:23,280
probably not entirely some of them

2733
01:34:27,030 --> 01:34:25,199
actually made it to 4 000 years were

2734
01:34:28,310 --> 01:34:27,040
contemporaneous with the pyramids but

2735
01:34:30,629 --> 01:34:28,320
they were stuck up there on wrangle

2736
01:34:32,790 --> 01:34:30,639
island were three feet tall so things

2737
01:34:33,669 --> 01:34:32,800
had pretty much taken care of by that

2738
01:34:36,629 --> 01:34:33,679
point

2739
01:34:37,990 --> 01:34:36,639
you know your horse is gone

2740
01:34:40,390 --> 01:34:38,000
at least on the fines and the

2741
01:34:42,470 --> 01:34:40,400
radiocarbon dates your bison

2742
01:34:43,910 --> 01:34:42,480
made it

2743
01:34:45,350 --> 01:34:43,920
the elk

2744
01:34:46,950 --> 01:34:45,360
made it

2745
01:34:48,310 --> 01:34:46,960
you find a lot before there's a big

2746
01:34:50,550 --> 01:34:48,320
bottleneck that's why i refer to

2747
01:34:53,669 --> 01:34:50,560
bottlenecks there a lot of dates before

2748
01:34:54,709 --> 01:34:53,679
then it drops off moose he made it and

2749
01:34:56,470 --> 01:34:54,719
humans

2750
01:34:58,790 --> 01:34:56,480
that's when we just start

2751
01:35:01,030 --> 01:34:58,800
that's when we show up so you can see

2752
01:35:03,510 --> 01:35:01,040
how people would infer

2753
01:35:05,189 --> 01:35:03,520
that humans did it to some degree and

2754
01:35:06,790 --> 01:35:05,199
they probably were involved and that's

2755
01:35:08,550 --> 01:35:06,800
where the yd event

2756
01:35:09,750 --> 01:35:08,560
happened and we do not

2757
01:35:11,669 --> 01:35:09,760
rule out

2758
01:35:13,350 --> 01:35:11,679
that the clovis people were doing a lot

2759
01:35:14,950 --> 01:35:13,360
of damage to the ecosystem at the time

2760
01:35:17,750 --> 01:35:14,960
and could have taken them out

2761
01:35:19,590 --> 01:35:17,760
after this for the survivors or could

2762
01:35:22,229 --> 01:35:19,600
have been very close to having them gone

2763
01:35:25,590 --> 01:35:22,239
or whatnot but that doesn't explain the

2764
01:35:26,790 --> 01:35:25,600
vultures the mice and the birds to me

2765
01:35:28,550 --> 01:35:26,800
so there's evidence for animal

2766
01:35:29,830 --> 01:35:28,560
extinctions and human declines at the id

2767
01:35:31,430 --> 01:35:29,840
of that

2768
01:35:34,709 --> 01:35:31,440
let's look at the points the human

2769
01:35:36,470 --> 01:35:34,719
declines and this is fascinating to me

2770
01:35:39,030 --> 01:35:36,480
these are redstone points the ones that

2771
01:35:41,030 --> 01:35:39,040
come right after clovis

2772
01:35:44,790 --> 01:35:41,040
let's look at south carolina

2773
01:35:47,270 --> 01:35:44,800
okay so that's uh all from my uh

2774
01:35:49,910 --> 01:35:47,280
goodyear's work down there and he's you

2775
01:35:51,350 --> 01:35:49,920
know the number one paleo point guy in

2776
01:35:52,950 --> 01:35:51,360
the southeast

2777
01:35:55,669 --> 01:35:52,960
along with you know some others randy

2778
01:35:57,590 --> 01:35:55,679
daniel up here at ecu etc and that's

2779
01:35:59,590 --> 01:35:57,600
redstone so that's where they're finding

2780
01:36:01,430 --> 01:35:59,600
those and that's you know starting i

2781
01:36:04,470 --> 01:36:01,440
think roughly two or three hundred years

2782
01:36:06,550 --> 01:36:04,480
after this event you know so

2783
01:36:07,990 --> 01:36:06,560
i'll say twelve thousand three twelve

2784
01:36:09,350 --> 01:36:08,000
thousand four twelve thousand five

2785
01:36:11,910 --> 01:36:09,360
hundred years ago you might have found

2786
01:36:14,310 --> 01:36:11,920
those in the archaic points

2787
01:36:16,629 --> 01:36:14,320
go back to paleo

2788
01:36:19,030 --> 01:36:16,639
excuse me i was talking clovis yeah

2789
01:36:21,910 --> 01:36:19,040
that's the abundance of clovis points

2790
01:36:22,950 --> 01:36:21,920
that's the follow-on

2791
01:36:25,110 --> 01:36:22,960
okay

2792
01:36:26,550 --> 01:36:25,120
so after twelve nine twelve eight or

2793
01:36:29,030 --> 01:36:26,560
twelve nine before twelve eight or

2794
01:36:31,270 --> 01:36:29,040
twelve nine you have a lot of points

2795
01:36:33,350 --> 01:36:31,280
that indicate a lot of people

2796
01:36:35,350 --> 01:36:33,360
or the same number of people

2797
01:36:37,350 --> 01:36:35,360
creating more

2798
01:36:39,830 --> 01:36:37,360
arrowheads but let's assume arrowheads

2799
01:36:41,590 --> 01:36:39,840
are a proxy for population

2800
01:36:43,910 --> 01:36:41,600
um if that's assumed there were more

2801
01:36:45,750 --> 01:36:43,920
people there now look at the arrowhead

2802
01:36:48,470 --> 01:36:45,760
production of the next

2803
01:36:51,830 --> 01:36:49,910
and that was separated by several

2804
01:36:54,629 --> 01:36:51,840
hundred years that was the bounce-back

2805
01:36:56,790 --> 01:36:54,639
population that was the leftover people

2806
01:37:00,070 --> 01:36:56,800
and what they made so they lost their

2807
01:37:01,109 --> 01:37:00,080
technology they lost their population

2808
01:37:03,350 --> 01:37:01,119
and they

2809
01:37:04,870 --> 01:37:03,360
they battled back

2810
01:37:07,910 --> 01:37:04,880
i find that a fascinating we have a

2811
01:37:09,350 --> 01:37:07,920
paper on that it's five or six years old

2812
01:37:11,109 --> 01:37:09,360
i can see that there are there's a lot

2813
01:37:13,109 --> 01:37:11,119
of overlay between the two

2814
01:37:15,109 --> 01:37:13,119
in terms of population so like you know

2815
01:37:16,870 --> 01:37:15,119
they're clusters around the same area

2816
01:37:18,830 --> 01:37:16,880
yeah savannah river

2817
01:37:21,669 --> 01:37:18,840
yeah so they found the same

2818
01:37:23,750 --> 01:37:21,679
places to be you know habitable and

2819
01:37:25,109 --> 01:37:23,760
enjoyable and livable

2820
01:37:26,870 --> 01:37:25,119
actually is probably pretty rough time

2821
01:37:27,990 --> 01:37:26,880
even 300 years later

2822
01:37:29,669 --> 01:37:28,000
uh

2823
01:37:31,350 --> 01:37:29,679
well it would have been later than that

2824
01:37:32,550 --> 01:37:31,360
and i've i i can't tell you and i'm

2825
01:37:34,149 --> 01:37:32,560
sorry that's why i've been being a

2826
01:37:35,990 --> 01:37:34,159
generalist can be tough sometimes i

2827
01:37:39,270 --> 01:37:36,000
don't know where the redstones post date

2828
01:37:41,590 --> 01:37:39,280
the actual yd which was 12 000 i mean

2829
01:37:43,189 --> 01:37:41,600
1200 years long

2830
01:37:45,510 --> 01:37:43,199
so i don't know whether you start

2831
01:37:46,950 --> 01:37:45,520
finding those during that kind of dark

2832
01:37:48,790 --> 01:37:46,960
and cold time

2833
01:37:50,709 --> 01:37:48,800
or whether you just find them afterwards

2834
01:37:53,430 --> 01:37:50,719
but i'm happy to find out but that is

2835
01:37:56,070 --> 01:37:53,440
definitely that point

2836
01:37:56,870 --> 01:37:56,080
as much points were much diminished over

2837
01:37:58,310 --> 01:37:56,880
that

2838
01:38:02,310 --> 01:37:58,320
transitional time

2839
01:38:04,790 --> 01:38:02,320
points in population so there you got uh

2840
01:38:06,390 --> 01:38:04,800
just a visual representation of that

2841
01:38:07,669 --> 01:38:06,400
remember the graph is going the wrong

2842
01:38:08,950 --> 01:38:07,679
way that you might think it does the

2843
01:38:11,750 --> 01:38:08,960
older times are the right the younger

2844
01:38:13,669 --> 01:38:11,760
times the left yep you've got yeah

2845
01:38:15,590 --> 01:38:13,679
you got clovis then virginia south

2846
01:38:17,669 --> 01:38:15,600
carolina and north carolina so we just

2847
01:38:19,750 --> 01:38:17,679
saw south carolina on a point database

2848
01:38:26,550 --> 01:38:19,760
but all three of those states show a

2849
01:38:33,109 --> 01:38:30,550
due to yd cold per impact

2850
01:38:35,030 --> 01:38:33,119
okay why are the anomalies simultaneous

2851
01:38:36,550 --> 01:38:35,040
uh kt impact produced in the extinction

2852
01:38:38,629 --> 01:38:36,560
the dinosaurs suddenly changed the

2853
01:38:41,750 --> 01:38:38,639
climate caused population bottlenecks

2854
01:38:44,470 --> 01:38:41,760
caused by another impact

2855
01:38:45,830 --> 01:38:44,480
why the impact deposits 12 000 years ago

2856
01:38:47,350 --> 01:38:45,840
and 900

2857
01:38:49,870 --> 01:38:47,360
actually i wrote the number down i think

2858
01:38:53,030 --> 01:38:49,880
the most accepted numbers 12

2859
01:38:55,669 --> 01:38:53,040
768 years ago sometime in june

2860
01:38:57,350 --> 01:38:55,679
debris across two continents

2861
01:38:58,790 --> 01:38:57,360
and i'm sorry that

2862
01:39:02,070 --> 01:38:58,800
earlier version i corrected that we're

2863
01:39:04,229 --> 01:39:02,080
up to four continents now

2864
01:39:06,149 --> 01:39:04,239
ydb layer controversial here's where we

2865
01:39:07,750 --> 01:39:06,159
find them that was that first site there

2866
01:39:09,430 --> 01:39:07,760
gainey michigan that william topping

2867
01:39:12,070 --> 01:39:09,440
came across

2868
01:39:14,229 --> 01:39:12,080
and it's still i think the site with the

2869
01:39:16,149 --> 01:39:14,239
most abundant proxies

2870
01:39:16,950 --> 01:39:16,159
well isn't that supposed to be the area

2871
01:39:19,189 --> 01:39:16,960
like

2872
01:39:20,149 --> 01:39:19,199
when we had charles p o dale on here uh

2873
01:39:22,709 --> 01:39:20,159
a couple

2874
01:39:24,470 --> 01:39:22,719
about two months ago uh he had actually

2875
01:39:26,550 --> 01:39:24,480
he actually suggested that michigan was

2876
01:39:28,709 --> 01:39:26,560
actually the impact site

2877
01:39:30,229 --> 01:39:28,719
based on well we'll get that one

2878
01:39:31,510 --> 01:39:30,239
yeah oh okay so we're going to that boat

2879
01:39:32,870 --> 01:39:31,520
okay

2880
01:39:34,550 --> 01:39:32,880
yeah i stay open-minded about this stuff

2881
01:39:36,149 --> 01:39:34,560
so when you start picking the crater and

2882
01:39:37,830 --> 01:39:36,159
all this stuff you know we're supposed

2883
01:39:39,109 --> 01:39:37,840
to have to explain everything with the

2884
01:39:40,390 --> 01:39:39,119
science but you can't

2885
01:39:42,950 --> 01:39:40,400
you know some of the

2886
01:39:47,109 --> 01:39:44,709
some of the analytical techniques are

2887
01:39:49,109 --> 01:39:47,119
you know kind of uh ridiculously simple

2888
01:39:51,030 --> 01:39:49,119
the these powerful magnets that you can

2889
01:39:53,350 --> 01:39:51,040
and they used to be really expensive you

2890
01:39:54,709 --> 01:39:53,360
know but neodymium magnets are now

2891
01:39:56,310 --> 01:39:54,719
in a lot of different things that's why

2892
01:39:58,629 --> 01:39:56,320
you find more and more magnetic stuff

2893
01:39:59,990 --> 01:39:58,639
out there to play with and fool around

2894
01:40:01,430 --> 01:40:00,000
with but they've gotten really cheap so

2895
01:40:03,189 --> 01:40:01,440
you can buy these things you just pass

2896
01:40:04,629 --> 01:40:03,199
them over the stratigraphy

2897
01:40:05,590 --> 01:40:04,639
and you can pull out these magnetic

2898
01:40:06,629 --> 01:40:05,600
grains

2899
01:40:08,390 --> 01:40:06,639
okay

2900
01:40:11,189 --> 01:40:08,400
that's pretty simple way to go see this

2901
01:40:12,550 --> 01:40:11,199
stuff and what you find is these furious

2902
01:40:14,149 --> 01:40:12,560
okay

2903
01:40:15,669 --> 01:40:14,159
and that's what topping came across

2904
01:40:17,189 --> 01:40:15,679
those early on and they were confirmed

2905
01:40:18,950 --> 01:40:17,199
later by

2906
01:40:20,709 --> 01:40:18,960
more detailed analysis that there was

2907
01:40:22,709 --> 01:40:20,719
something unusual going on i think it's

2908
01:40:25,669 --> 01:40:22,719
the clearest we've ever seen this

2909
01:40:26,709 --> 01:40:25,679
yeah 200 nanometers so

2910
01:40:27,669 --> 01:40:26,719
it's

2911
01:40:30,149 --> 01:40:27,679
uh

2912
01:40:32,070 --> 01:40:30,159
very small yeah that's very very very

2913
01:40:33,590 --> 01:40:32,080
very small unrespected us and that's

2914
01:40:36,149 --> 01:40:33,600
actually there they get even smaller

2915
01:40:38,149 --> 01:40:36,159
than that we got some beautiful

2916
01:40:42,070 --> 01:40:38,159
no don't tell me i just crashed on a

2917
01:40:47,030 --> 01:40:42,080
live podcast microsoft

2918
01:40:51,990 --> 01:40:50,310
going through here again so yeah um keep

2919
01:40:53,990 --> 01:40:52,000
talking and let me find my spot let's

2920
01:40:55,350 --> 01:40:54,000
see kyle is giving a shout out to says

2921
01:40:57,109 --> 01:40:55,360
he enjoyed it fellas early flight

2922
01:40:59,430 --> 01:40:57,119
tomorrow so he's off looks forward to

2923
01:41:01,430 --> 01:40:59,440
catching the rest on demand uh kyle

2924
01:41:03,350 --> 01:41:01,440
thank you very much for joining us

2925
01:41:05,830 --> 01:41:03,360
and uh we actually have people in here

2926
01:41:09,750 --> 01:41:05,840
from all across the u.s and i even have

2927
01:41:11,350 --> 01:41:09,760
um uh guests as far away as australia

2928
01:41:14,870 --> 01:41:11,360
joining us tonight

2929
01:41:20,470 --> 01:41:18,629
we're an international family

2930
01:41:23,109 --> 01:41:20,480
see i've got this macro thing where i

2931
01:41:24,870 --> 01:41:23,119
can't go into anything but show mode

2932
01:41:29,350 --> 01:41:24,880
damn it

2933
01:41:32,790 --> 01:41:30,709
this is

2934
01:41:33,830 --> 01:41:32,800
not the way you want to do it

2935
01:41:35,510 --> 01:41:33,840
you know what

2936
01:41:37,350 --> 01:41:35,520
shit's more hold on there have been

2937
01:41:39,270 --> 01:41:37,360
episodes where we had like a new webcam

2938
01:41:40,950 --> 01:41:39,280
on and it literally cut out sound every

2939
01:41:43,109 --> 01:41:40,960
now and again and i think there's a

2940
01:41:45,510 --> 01:41:43,119
couple of episodes where like 20 minutes

2941
01:41:48,709 --> 01:41:45,520
we don't have any sound on the broadcast

2942
01:41:50,709 --> 01:41:48,719
so it happens you just roll with it

2943
01:41:52,229 --> 01:41:50,719
you get happy you know you just just do

2944
01:41:53,990 --> 01:41:52,239
your thing

2945
01:41:55,669 --> 01:41:54,000
well i should be more i should be better

2946
01:41:57,750 --> 01:41:55,679
with it but i was told to put it and i

2947
01:42:00,390 --> 01:41:57,760
think i needed to put it in this uh show

2948
01:42:01,430 --> 01:42:00,400
mode and i can't break out of it as

2949
01:42:04,870 --> 01:42:01,440
easily

2950
01:42:06,709 --> 01:42:04,880
uh i went through all this

2951
01:42:09,430 --> 01:42:06,719
they are dropping off in droves now

2952
01:42:11,030 --> 01:42:09,440
chris i have to say that um

2953
01:42:12,149 --> 01:42:11,040
well no actually we've increased in

2954
01:42:14,070 --> 01:42:12,159
listeners i have to say that the

2955
01:42:16,470 --> 01:42:14,080
production values on this powerpoint are

2956
01:42:17,750 --> 01:42:16,480
absolutely outstanding and i appreciate

2957
01:42:20,149 --> 01:42:17,760
the time and effort that you took to put

2958
01:42:21,510 --> 01:42:20,159
into this because my goodness it's

2959
01:42:22,950 --> 01:42:21,520
fantastic

2960
01:42:24,390 --> 01:42:22,960
mostly others

2961
01:42:26,550 --> 01:42:24,400
um

2962
01:42:28,629 --> 01:42:26,560
you think i could operate it better huh

2963
01:42:31,270 --> 01:42:28,639
well microsoft is the way like again

2964
01:42:32,390 --> 01:42:31,280
microsoft office is

2965
01:42:35,109 --> 01:42:32,400
like

2966
01:42:37,590 --> 01:42:35,119
on mac it's always unstable it happens

2967
01:42:39,669 --> 01:42:37,600
yeah and you're playing microsoft on mac

2968
01:42:41,590 --> 01:42:39,679
right yeah

2969
01:42:42,790 --> 01:42:41,600
um why do you impact hypothesis twelve

2970
01:42:45,270 --> 01:42:42,800
thousand years ago mentally in order

2971
01:42:47,510 --> 01:42:45,280
ninja four continents

2972
01:42:48,870 --> 01:42:47,520
danny i think that's where we left off

2973
01:42:53,189 --> 01:42:48,880
neodymium

2974
01:42:55,109 --> 01:42:53,199
don't see enough of that

2975
01:42:56,550 --> 01:42:55,119
and that's what happens you go back to

2976
01:42:57,990 --> 01:42:56,560
these sites

2977
01:43:00,070 --> 01:42:58,000
and generally

2978
01:43:01,590 --> 01:43:00,080
you will see some transition it's not at

2979
01:43:04,229 --> 01:43:01,600
all places we'll get that in a minute

2980
01:43:07,109 --> 01:43:04,239
but you see a a bump

2981
01:43:08,629 --> 01:43:07,119
to put it mildly from zero to

2982
01:43:11,510 --> 01:43:08,639
1600

2983
01:43:12,550 --> 01:43:11,520
grains per kilogram in this case

2984
01:43:14,709 --> 01:43:12,560
um

2985
01:43:15,830 --> 01:43:14,719
at that very point

2986
01:43:18,149 --> 01:43:15,840
okay

2987
01:43:19,750 --> 01:43:18,159
and that be the point that's the yd

2988
01:43:22,790 --> 01:43:19,760
boundary at that location and it can

2989
01:43:24,470 --> 01:43:22,800
have many many different looks to it

2990
01:43:26,629 --> 01:43:24,480
boom that's where you find your

2991
01:43:28,149 --> 01:43:26,639
abundances

2992
01:43:29,669 --> 01:43:28,159
carbon sphericals those are little

2993
01:43:32,229 --> 01:43:29,679
vesicular stuff that they told us was

2994
01:43:34,629 --> 01:43:32,239
nothing but bug poop or fungus

2995
01:43:36,470 --> 01:43:34,639
okay had some of the

2996
01:43:40,709 --> 01:43:36,480
best geochemists in the world looking at

2997
01:43:43,189 --> 01:43:40,719
it but we must just misinterpreted it

2998
01:43:44,629 --> 01:43:43,199
roughly spherical got hard shell spongy

2999
01:43:47,430 --> 01:43:44,639
interior

3000
01:43:49,109 --> 01:43:47,440
and that's carbon you know melting at

3001
01:43:50,550 --> 01:43:49,119
super high temperatures and then

3002
01:43:52,950 --> 01:43:50,560
reforming

3003
01:43:54,950 --> 01:43:52,960
and then within it

3004
01:43:58,470 --> 01:43:54,960
you get these little gas facil

3005
01:44:02,550 --> 01:44:00,550
and glass like carbon several different

3006
01:44:05,830 --> 01:44:02,560
forms of carbon

3007
01:44:08,229 --> 01:44:05,840
what's special about this stuff

3008
01:44:10,550 --> 01:44:08,239
contains some weird stuff like et

3009
01:44:13,109 --> 01:44:10,560
fullerenes okay

3010
01:44:15,510 --> 01:44:13,119
and fullerenes are you know very exotic

3011
01:44:17,109 --> 01:44:15,520
form of carbon that we find trapped in

3012
01:44:18,229 --> 01:44:17,119
these things this is something i haven't

3013
01:44:20,550 --> 01:44:18,239
heard before

3014
01:44:22,310 --> 01:44:20,560
yeah rare on earth common in meteorites

3015
01:44:24,709 --> 01:44:22,320
and and that was all

3016
01:44:27,510 --> 01:44:24,719
uh it's very very controversial and that

3017
01:44:29,590 --> 01:44:27,520
was um contributed by luanne becker

3018
01:44:31,750 --> 01:44:29,600
who's worth looking up who's both

3019
01:44:33,030 --> 01:44:31,760
controversial but also got her own damn

3020
01:44:35,030 --> 01:44:33,040
lab you know

3021
01:44:36,790 --> 01:44:35,040
look at johns hopkins

3022
01:44:39,430 --> 01:44:36,800
and that's where you get helium-3

3023
01:44:40,470 --> 01:44:39,440
trapped inside of a carbon uh lattice

3024
01:44:41,830 --> 01:44:40,480
like that

3025
01:44:43,350 --> 01:44:41,840
i don't know if you call that a lattice

3026
01:44:44,870 --> 01:44:43,360
or a buckyball but you know this

3027
01:44:48,149 --> 01:44:44,880
fullerene's named after bookmonster

3028
01:44:52,070 --> 01:44:49,830
once thought that our homes would all be

3029
01:44:54,070 --> 01:44:52,080
under a half of one of those right

3030
01:44:56,149 --> 01:44:54,080
okay murray springs clevis light the

3031
01:44:58,709 --> 01:44:56,159
black mat get the fun stuff the carbon

3032
01:45:00,149 --> 01:44:58,719
rich layer

3033
01:45:01,750 --> 01:45:00,159
now the funny thing is you take these

3034
01:45:04,070 --> 01:45:01,760
things you know individually you'd say

3035
01:45:06,229 --> 01:45:04,080
well it's interesting

3036
01:45:08,470 --> 01:45:06,239
you know that we've got a black mat

3037
01:45:10,070 --> 01:45:08,480
right at an interesting time where we

3038
01:45:12,310 --> 01:45:10,080
find

3039
01:45:15,270 --> 01:45:12,320
the clovis artifacts the mammoth

3040
01:45:20,390 --> 01:45:18,229
only below and not above and then

3041
01:45:23,109 --> 01:45:20,400
directly above where they're last found

3042
01:45:25,270 --> 01:45:23,119
but below the black mat and oftentimes

3043
01:45:27,189 --> 01:45:25,280
this is misunderstood justifiably so you

3044
01:45:30,390 --> 01:45:27,199
can't get all the nuance to this stuff

3045
01:45:33,270 --> 01:45:30,400
but the black mat is not from space

3046
01:45:34,310 --> 01:45:33,280
the black mat is the wetland

3047
01:45:36,790 --> 01:45:34,320
of the

3048
01:45:40,229 --> 01:45:36,800
dry cold environment

3049
01:45:41,669 --> 01:45:40,239
that persisted in that thousand years

3050
01:45:42,550 --> 01:45:41,679
right

3051
01:45:44,709 --> 01:45:42,560
now

3052
01:45:46,229 --> 01:45:44,719
and i double checked on this

3053
01:45:49,270 --> 01:45:46,239
when you go and find the black mat in

3054
01:45:51,350 --> 01:45:49,280
europe it actually is burned stuff

3055
01:45:53,350 --> 01:45:51,360
but the stuff in america and a lot of

3056
01:45:54,790 --> 01:45:53,360
people say oh it's just wetlands and you

3057
01:45:55,990 --> 01:45:54,800
know and the critics will say and there

3058
01:45:57,510 --> 01:45:56,000
was a whole paper on it but it's got

3059
01:45:59,750 --> 01:45:57,520
pagoda and whatnot yeah we understand

3060
01:46:02,229 --> 01:45:59,760
it's a wetland but we're not testing the

3061
01:46:05,030 --> 01:46:02,239
black matte you're testing just below it

3062
01:46:06,310 --> 01:46:05,040
and you find these what we call proxies

3063
01:46:09,510 --> 01:46:06,320
you're not going to find a sign that

3064
01:46:11,189 --> 01:46:09,520
says comet hit here or you know bad day

3065
01:46:12,470 --> 01:46:11,199
in north america

3066
01:46:15,030 --> 01:46:12,480
you're gonna have to you know

3067
01:46:17,030 --> 01:46:15,040
interpolate from various materials that

3068
01:46:19,510 --> 01:46:17,040
something happened and you do not find

3069
01:46:22,070 --> 01:46:19,520
below or above that layer

3070
01:46:23,669 --> 01:46:22,080
magnetic spheres magnetic grains iridium

3071
01:46:26,070 --> 01:46:23,679
platinum particularly now should have

3072
01:46:27,910 --> 01:46:26,080
replaced that there is an iridium signal

3073
01:46:29,590 --> 01:46:27,920
at some of these sites but now it's been

3074
01:46:31,830 --> 01:46:29,600
completely eclipsed by the platinum

3075
01:46:33,189 --> 01:46:31,840
signal that that chris moore will talk

3076
01:46:34,550 --> 01:46:33,199
about him in a little while has been

3077
01:46:35,590 --> 01:46:34,560
finding

3078
01:46:36,950 --> 01:46:35,600
and

3079
01:46:38,870 --> 01:46:36,960
look at murray springs here they are

3080
01:46:40,950 --> 01:46:38,880
digging the black mat back in the day

3081
01:46:42,790 --> 01:46:40,960
it's probably 40 50 years ago even maybe

3082
01:46:44,550 --> 01:46:42,800
not quite that long but

3083
01:46:45,510 --> 01:46:44,560
see the skeleton in there eloise the

3084
01:46:48,550 --> 01:46:45,520
mammoth

3085
01:46:50,950 --> 01:46:48,560
actually stained by the black mat oh

3086
01:46:56,149 --> 01:46:50,960
she was one of the last girls

3087
01:47:01,189 --> 01:46:58,550
markers on bones below the mat

3088
01:47:03,109 --> 01:47:01,199
and hands find sphericals too and he's

3089
01:47:06,149 --> 01:47:03,119
the most respected paleo

3090
01:47:10,470 --> 01:47:06,159
archaeologist in the u.s getting on in

3091
01:47:12,070 --> 01:47:10,480
years no extinct bones are in the mat or

3092
01:47:14,390 --> 01:47:12,080
above the mat

3093
01:47:15,990 --> 01:47:14,400
they've always they always knew that

3094
01:47:18,709 --> 01:47:16,000
they never looked at the mat and that's

3095
01:47:21,510 --> 01:47:18,719
okay you know science has certain

3096
01:47:23,270 --> 01:47:21,520
jumps ahead occasionally but you kind of

3097
01:47:25,350 --> 01:47:23,280
looking back at it guys hey god guys

3098
01:47:28,310 --> 01:47:25,360
didn't you ever think when the when the

3099
01:47:30,950 --> 01:47:28,320
whole study of the comet dinosaur

3100
01:47:32,870 --> 01:47:30,960
connection that was all based off of a

3101
01:47:35,830 --> 01:47:32,880
distinct transition

3102
01:47:37,590 --> 01:47:35,840
in a narrow layer and a change you know

3103
01:47:40,229 --> 01:47:37,600
and the petrology in that case the

3104
01:47:41,750 --> 01:47:40,239
actual stone this stuff in in stone yet

3105
01:47:43,510 --> 01:47:41,760
this is soil it's not been long enough

3106
01:47:44,950 --> 01:47:43,520
turn into rock but wouldn't you have

3107
01:47:46,070 --> 01:47:44,960
thought that somebody just said they

3108
01:47:47,830 --> 01:47:46,080
probably did

3109
01:47:49,750 --> 01:47:47,840
in that black mat kind of like the one

3110
01:47:51,510 --> 01:47:49,760
that killed the dinosaurs so then you

3111
01:47:53,910 --> 01:47:51,520
look at haynes again and this is vance

3112
01:47:56,709 --> 01:47:53,920
haynes and he's the you know the premier

3113
01:47:57,750 --> 01:47:56,719
archaeologist of this period

3114
01:47:59,350 --> 01:47:57,760
and probably could have become a

3115
01:48:00,950 --> 01:47:59,360
supporter but i think he got pulled back

3116
01:48:02,870 --> 01:48:00,960
and he had some favorable things early

3117
01:48:05,590 --> 01:48:02,880
on so he went out after we came out with

3118
01:48:07,109 --> 01:48:05,600
our study and basically what he said is

3119
01:48:08,709 --> 01:48:07,119
you know they got a point i don't know

3120
01:48:11,350 --> 01:48:08,719
whether they're right

3121
01:48:14,149 --> 01:48:11,360
but no one's done

3122
01:48:17,350 --> 01:48:14,159
i'm paraphrasing here no one has done i

3123
01:48:19,270 --> 01:48:17,360
have not done a full review of where i

3124
01:48:21,109 --> 01:48:19,280
find the black matte

3125
01:48:23,109 --> 01:48:21,119
personally and my colleagues over the

3126
01:48:24,470 --> 01:48:23,119
years at paleo sites north america so he

3127
01:48:26,550 --> 01:48:24,480
came out with a great paper that i've

3128
01:48:28,709 --> 01:48:26,560
gotten the links at the end of the thing

3129
01:48:31,990 --> 01:48:28,719
that that you can share too

3130
01:48:34,390 --> 01:48:32,000
and out of 97 clovis made sites that we

3131
01:48:36,229 --> 01:48:34,400
were aware of in science 70 of them had

3132
01:48:37,590 --> 01:48:36,239
black mats

3133
01:48:40,629 --> 01:48:37,600
and no one had ever published that

3134
01:48:41,990 --> 01:48:40,639
before in that weird

3135
01:48:43,590 --> 01:48:42,000
now notice one of the best ones down

3136
01:48:45,430 --> 01:48:43,600
there in the bottom of south carolina

3137
01:48:47,830 --> 01:48:45,440
and we can add some now too this was

3138
01:48:49,430 --> 01:48:47,840
within the haynes paper but but doesn't

3139
01:48:51,990 --> 01:48:49,440
have a black mat but we find the

3140
01:48:53,270 --> 01:48:52,000
material okay so you don't have to have

3141
01:48:55,350 --> 01:48:53,280
the black mat that just means there

3142
01:48:56,950 --> 01:48:55,360
wasn't the wetland there that doesn't

3143
01:48:59,189 --> 01:48:56,960
mean the spherules and all that stuff

3144
01:49:02,470 --> 01:48:59,199
didn't land and i should say for people

3145
01:49:06,229 --> 01:49:02,480
too the spherules is the vaporization

3146
01:49:08,550 --> 01:49:06,239
of the impact material itself or that

3147
01:49:11,030 --> 01:49:08,560
substrate that it slapped into

3148
01:49:13,590 --> 01:49:11,040
so it's a mix the platinum comes from

3149
01:49:14,470 --> 01:49:13,600
space but it might be tied up with some

3150
01:49:16,629 --> 01:49:14,480
iron

3151
01:49:18,310 --> 01:49:16,639
that actually came well the you know the

3152
01:49:20,870 --> 01:49:18,320
iron can obviously come from space as

3153
01:49:22,550 --> 01:49:20,880
well but it might just be iron in quebec

3154
01:49:24,070 --> 01:49:22,560
that was in you know trained in the ice

3155
01:49:26,229 --> 01:49:24,080
sheet you know

3156
01:49:27,430 --> 01:49:26,239
within rocks etc and so forth so it's a

3157
01:49:29,590 --> 01:49:27,440
mixture all that stuff it's the

3158
01:49:32,149 --> 01:49:29,600
vaporization the cloud

3159
01:49:35,910 --> 01:49:32,159
that came with that intense

3160
01:49:36,870 --> 01:49:35,920
high-energy event spans the whole us

3161
01:49:39,030 --> 01:49:36,880
goes all the way through the

3162
01:49:40,629 --> 01:49:39,040
mid-continent left to right and here's

3163
01:49:41,750 --> 01:49:40,639
some pictures of the black man i love

3164
01:49:43,590 --> 01:49:41,760
this stuff

3165
01:49:44,870 --> 01:49:43,600
i think i'd love to see another paper

3166
01:49:45,990 --> 01:49:44,880
done that just goes through and i can't

3167
01:49:47,669 --> 01:49:46,000
get enough of these pictures it shows

3168
01:49:49,830 --> 01:49:47,679
what a geek i am

3169
01:49:52,709 --> 01:49:49,840
there's a colorado

3170
01:49:54,629 --> 01:49:52,719
lubbock lake texas hell's gap boom boom

3171
01:49:56,870 --> 01:49:54,639
boom boom boom and those are all well

3172
01:49:58,629 --> 01:49:56,880
established well-dated

3173
01:50:01,910 --> 01:49:58,639
well-understood archaeological

3174
01:50:04,709 --> 01:50:01,920
archaeological and paleontological sites

3175
01:50:05,990 --> 01:50:04,719
where the bones and the human stuff the

3176
01:50:09,510 --> 01:50:06,000
clovis stuff

3177
01:50:12,310 --> 01:50:09,520
is found only below never within and

3178
01:50:15,109 --> 01:50:12,320
never above if somebody sho

3179
01:50:17,910 --> 01:50:15,119
pops up with a clovis age mammoth tusk

3180
01:50:20,870 --> 01:50:17,920
above it we'll have to eat our hat

3181
01:50:22,229 --> 01:50:20,880
boom boom boom

3182
01:50:24,470 --> 01:50:22,239
so essentially what i've always been

3183
01:50:25,350 --> 01:50:24,480
told is that the black mat is based on

3184
01:50:26,709 --> 01:50:25,360
burn

3185
01:50:29,669 --> 01:50:26,719
and what you're saying is that in north

3186
01:50:31,750 --> 01:50:29,679
america it's not it's wetlands and in

3187
01:50:34,070 --> 01:50:31,760
the in europe it is burned

3188
01:50:38,470 --> 01:50:36,629
yeah just below it it's you do find the

3189
01:50:41,109 --> 01:50:38,480
carbon sphericals okay

3190
01:50:42,709 --> 01:50:41,119
okay but they're not abundant enough to

3191
01:50:45,030 --> 01:50:42,719
cause that black

3192
01:50:47,189 --> 01:50:45,040
that black is organic material so it's

3193
01:50:48,629 --> 01:50:47,199
just like um if you're like a swamp like

3194
01:50:51,430 --> 01:50:48,639
there was a swamp area that covered the

3195
01:50:53,669 --> 01:50:51,440
entire region and for whatever reason it

3196
01:50:54,950 --> 01:50:53,679
just got compressed and just say an algo

3197
01:50:55,830 --> 01:50:54,960
mat

3198
01:50:58,470 --> 01:50:55,840
okay

3199
01:51:00,790 --> 01:50:58,480
you know a cold environment with a bunch

3200
01:51:02,070 --> 01:51:00,800
of water and not a lot of transpiration

3201
01:51:05,189 --> 01:51:02,080
and it's just sitting out there it's

3202
01:51:06,950 --> 01:51:05,199
cold it's miserable it's icy a lot maybe

3203
01:51:08,629 --> 01:51:06,960
in the summers if they even had them i

3204
01:51:09,990 --> 01:51:08,639
don't know but for whatever reason it

3205
01:51:12,390 --> 01:51:10,000
produced a

3206
01:51:14,070 --> 01:51:12,400
you know organic mat

3207
01:51:15,270 --> 01:51:14,080
and you'd call it a swamp you know but

3208
01:51:19,350 --> 01:51:15,280
it probably didn't have

3209
01:51:22,229 --> 01:51:21,030
so out of 97 clover state sites i've

3210
01:51:23,350 --> 01:51:22,239
been forgetting my scotch here i've been

3211
01:51:24,470 --> 01:51:23,360
getting so interested in the science

3212
01:51:26,629 --> 01:51:24,480
isn't that good

3213
01:51:27,830 --> 01:51:26,639
um

3214
01:51:30,229 --> 01:51:27,840
let's go ahead and see how those

3215
01:51:31,750 --> 01:51:30,239
sediments build up so slowly for tens of

3216
01:51:33,189 --> 01:51:31,760
thousands of years

3217
01:51:34,790 --> 01:51:33,199
that stuff was filled with the bones of

3218
01:51:36,870 --> 01:51:34,800
extinct animals you can dig down and

3219
01:51:38,550 --> 01:51:36,880
find it on and on and on and on then at

3220
01:51:41,189 --> 01:51:38,560
12 9

3221
01:51:42,790 --> 01:51:41,199
the ydb and that's a key term and it's

3222
01:51:44,390 --> 01:51:42,800
tough with this science is that you kind

3223
01:51:46,709 --> 01:51:44,400
of got to get it don't have any catchy

3224
01:51:48,790 --> 01:51:46,719
terms so maybe clove was common but what

3225
01:51:49,830 --> 01:51:48,800
we call it is the younger driest

3226
01:51:51,430 --> 01:51:49,840
boundary

3227
01:51:53,270 --> 01:51:51,440
and that's a combination of the fact

3228
01:51:54,870 --> 01:51:53,280
that got the climate change the younger

3229
01:51:56,870 --> 01:51:54,880
driest and the fact that we have

3230
01:51:59,510 --> 01:51:56,880
determined and believe that there's an

3231
01:52:01,669 --> 01:51:59,520
identifiable observable boundary called

3232
01:52:04,550 --> 01:52:01,679
the ydb

3233
01:52:07,750 --> 01:52:04,560
so 70 of 97 sites have a black mat over

3234
01:52:09,430 --> 01:52:07,760
the layer 27 non-mat sites have related

3235
01:52:12,229 --> 01:52:09,440
yd sediment in other words we can go

3236
01:52:14,550 --> 01:52:12,239
down to goodyear's site and find our

3237
01:52:16,470 --> 01:52:14,560
stuff but you do not have a map

3238
01:52:18,870 --> 01:52:16,480
so you didn't get that you didn't get

3239
01:52:20,950 --> 01:52:18,880
that algal mat

3240
01:52:25,910 --> 01:52:20,960
during 2 900 years black matte and ydb

3241
01:52:31,270 --> 01:52:28,550
77 of the 97 sites contained the bones

3242
01:52:34,470 --> 01:52:31,280
of its stink manifold zero

3243
01:52:37,350 --> 01:52:34,480
of the 97 sites contain any bones above

3244
01:52:38,229 --> 01:52:37,360
that layer holy geez

3245
01:52:40,870 --> 01:52:38,239
yeah

3246
01:52:43,270 --> 01:52:40,880
let's see oh i'm getting spooked come on

3247
01:52:45,669 --> 01:52:43,280
baby

3248
01:52:47,030 --> 01:52:45,679
come on

3249
01:52:56,550 --> 01:52:47,040
please don't crash please don't crash

3250
01:53:00,790 --> 01:52:59,189
hold on i'm not going to go back into

3251
01:53:06,229 --> 01:53:00,800
this other thing

3252
01:53:09,669 --> 01:53:07,669
people staying with us

3253
01:53:10,830 --> 01:53:09,679
i'm i'm just i'm just in awe right now

3254
01:53:12,709 --> 01:53:10,840
personally

3255
01:53:14,070 --> 01:53:12,719
it's gonna do i'm gonna switch to this

3256
01:53:16,070 --> 01:53:14,080
other one

3257
01:53:17,510 --> 01:53:16,080
good i'm glad you're liking it um i'm

3258
01:53:21,669 --> 01:53:17,520
gonna go back to

3259
01:53:32,390 --> 01:53:21,679
another version of this for doll

3260
01:53:36,950 --> 01:53:34,790
just uh

3261
01:53:39,990 --> 01:53:36,960
sorry to share my

3262
01:53:42,320 --> 01:53:40,000
innermost computer secrets and everyone

3263
01:53:49,510 --> 01:53:42,330
not the macro

3264
01:53:53,430 --> 01:53:51,270
i just don't want y'all to endure me

3265
01:53:55,030 --> 01:53:53,440
clicking through it again well this is

3266
01:53:56,470 --> 01:53:55,040
also something i'm used to doing you

3267
01:53:58,229 --> 01:53:56,480
know during my tech support days i'm

3268
01:54:01,030 --> 01:53:58,239
just going to switch back to the uh

3269
01:54:02,149 --> 01:54:01,040
you know to our guest box while i'm i'm

3270
01:54:03,830 --> 01:54:02,159
going to put myself back on the big

3271
01:54:06,149 --> 01:54:03,840
screen here

3272
01:54:07,830 --> 01:54:06,159
oh there we go

3273
01:54:11,750 --> 01:54:07,840
yeah i can get it open there but i

3274
01:54:15,270 --> 01:54:13,510
to flip through carefully because i put

3275
01:54:18,070 --> 01:54:15,280
it in this micro mode

3276
01:54:20,629 --> 01:54:18,080
oh wow okay there we go

3277
01:54:22,149 --> 01:54:20,639
hallelujah i know what i did okay yeah

3278
01:54:24,310 --> 01:54:22,159
boy there's just nothing worse but it's

3279
01:54:26,310 --> 01:54:24,320
an informal podcast right

3280
01:54:28,149 --> 01:54:26,320
uh yeah we're pretty uh we're pretty

3281
01:54:29,510 --> 01:54:28,159
relaxed and laid back here

3282
01:54:30,709 --> 01:54:29,520
you know we get things going how are we

3283
01:54:32,709 --> 01:54:30,719
doing for tom

3284
01:54:34,390 --> 01:54:32,719
um let's see we're we're hitting about

3285
01:54:36,790 --> 01:54:34,400
the two hour mark right now so let's see

3286
01:54:39,189 --> 01:54:36,800
we have about maximum about an hour left

3287
01:54:41,189 --> 01:54:39,199
um okay i've got the flat mat stuff for

3288
01:54:42,629 --> 01:54:41,199
you let me jump ahead a little bit okay

3289
01:54:54,070 --> 01:54:42,639
okay

3290
01:54:59,510 --> 01:54:54,080
haven't discussed yet and i think

3291
01:55:02,950 --> 01:55:01,589
the most unusual markers nano diamonds

3292
01:55:04,790 --> 01:55:02,960
and we didn't find that we were about to

3293
01:55:07,830 --> 01:55:04,800
publish the paper and that evidence came

3294
01:55:09,109 --> 01:55:07,840
back so we were in 2007

3295
01:55:10,629 --> 01:55:09,119
right before the paper was published you

3296
01:55:13,109 --> 01:55:10,639
know months these things took a long

3297
01:55:14,950 --> 01:55:13,119
time um

3298
01:55:15,910 --> 01:55:14,960
the the diamond evidence came back and

3299
01:55:17,510 --> 01:55:15,920
these are

3300
01:55:20,790 --> 01:55:17,520
you know un

3301
01:55:22,709 --> 01:55:20,800
you know incomprehensibly small

3302
01:55:25,830 --> 01:55:22,719
diamond fragments

3303
01:55:27,270 --> 01:55:25,840
trillions of them okay

3304
01:55:29,510 --> 01:55:27,280
and

3305
01:55:31,030 --> 01:55:29,520
very very difficult to produce in nature

3306
01:55:33,270 --> 01:55:31,040
most of them

3307
01:55:38,229 --> 01:55:33,280
but cube can end diamonds then we also

3308
01:55:41,669 --> 01:55:39,589
these are the ways you study and

3309
01:55:42,950 --> 01:55:41,679
determine what kind of diamond it is

3310
01:55:44,470 --> 01:55:42,960
which can tell you some things and

3311
01:55:46,550 --> 01:55:44,480
that's kind of like

3312
01:55:48,950 --> 01:55:46,560
shining through it like a prism

3313
01:55:50,550 --> 01:55:48,960
and then you uh go and look at the

3314
01:55:52,870 --> 01:55:50,560
diffraction pattern and you're able to

3315
01:55:54,310 --> 01:55:52,880
tell what actually is the lattice of the

3316
01:55:56,390 --> 01:55:54,320
carbon within the

3317
01:55:58,149 --> 01:55:56,400
original atoms

3318
01:56:01,189 --> 01:55:58,159
so when you go into look at the carbon

3319
01:56:02,950 --> 01:56:01,199
spherules now this is in the bug poop

3320
01:56:05,750 --> 01:56:02,960
see they didn't go in a dress said it

3321
01:56:08,070 --> 01:56:05,760
was fungus and bug poop fungus bug poop

3322
01:56:09,350 --> 01:56:08,080
yeah but our our original diamond

3323
01:56:10,950 --> 01:56:09,360
evidence was all from the carbon

3324
01:56:12,950 --> 01:56:10,960
sphericals

3325
01:56:15,910 --> 01:56:12,960
okay so that's a hell of a bug that has

3326
01:56:19,189 --> 01:56:15,920
managed a biological mechanism to create

3327
01:56:21,910 --> 01:56:19,199
you know exotic forms of carbon within

3328
01:56:23,990 --> 01:56:21,920
its digestive system

3329
01:56:25,910 --> 01:56:24,000
not to the wand's delight another kind

3330
01:56:27,669 --> 01:56:25,920
of diamond that we found

3331
01:56:29,270 --> 01:56:27,679
it's been disputed and actually by some

3332
01:56:32,149 --> 01:56:29,280
pretty you know some pretty tough guys

3333
01:56:33,669 --> 01:56:32,159
um what's his name um

3334
01:56:35,350 --> 01:56:33,679
oh it'll come to me but but one of our

3335
01:56:39,290 --> 01:56:35,360
credits is great diamond expert he's up

3336
01:56:40,709 --> 01:56:39,300
against us we got him on our side too

3337
01:56:42,709 --> 01:56:40,719
[Music]

3338
01:56:44,470 --> 01:56:42,719
that's lawns to light just looking at

3339
01:56:46,310 --> 01:56:44,480
you kind of get a feel for you know the

3340
01:56:47,910 --> 01:56:46,320
degree of science that was done on this

3341
01:56:49,990 --> 01:56:47,920
stuff there's a lot of pictures taken

3342
01:56:51,589 --> 01:56:50,000
and every one of these thousands and

3343
01:56:54,790 --> 01:56:51,599
thousands of different

3344
01:56:57,189 --> 01:56:54,800
you know attempts at it

3345
01:56:58,550 --> 01:56:57,199
finding it within um well you find it in

3346
01:57:02,310 --> 01:56:58,560
each of them but you have to go through

3347
01:57:06,709 --> 01:57:02,320
a lot a lot a lot of samples

3348
01:57:09,350 --> 01:57:08,070
yeah

3349
01:57:11,430 --> 01:57:09,360
sorry i'm hearing in the background i

3350
01:57:17,510 --> 01:57:11,440
think one of my cats is trying to expel

3351
01:57:17,520 --> 01:57:22,830
wow

3352
01:57:29,830 --> 01:57:25,589
cats okay

3353
01:57:31,510 --> 01:57:29,840
and then very excited to find it

3354
01:57:32,709 --> 01:57:31,520
in greenland

3355
01:57:36,229 --> 01:57:32,719
okay and this is where that fellow

3356
01:57:41,030 --> 01:57:39,589
i am sorry chris i've never had

3357
01:57:44,420 --> 01:57:41,040
don't you know the biggest powerpoint

3358
01:57:44,430 --> 01:57:49,189
[Music]

3359
01:57:56,790 --> 01:57:50,870
at least is two hours in and those

3360
01:58:03,589 --> 01:58:00,629
i don't know why i cannot minimize it

3361
01:58:05,270 --> 01:58:03,599
okay well if you hit escape

3362
01:58:06,790 --> 01:58:05,280
i know i am hitting escape i actually

3363
01:58:09,030 --> 01:58:06,800
known enough to know that but what

3364
01:58:12,390 --> 01:58:09,040
happened was that the recommendation of

3365
01:58:14,790 --> 01:58:12,400
someone earlier today i put it in this

3366
01:58:16,790 --> 01:58:14,800
show macro

3367
01:58:18,709 --> 01:58:16,800
i think it was still crashing that's why

3368
01:58:20,470 --> 01:58:18,719
i did that so i'm just give me a moment

3369
01:58:22,149 --> 01:58:20,480
here i think i've got your

3370
01:58:25,030 --> 01:58:22,159
um i think i've got

3371
01:58:26,310 --> 01:58:25,040
yeah you've got my

3372
01:58:27,910 --> 01:58:26,320
okay because if you sent it i could

3373
01:58:29,750 --> 01:58:27,920
probably just run it on my on my end and

3374
01:58:31,589 --> 01:58:29,760
just share my screen with you and at

3375
01:58:35,589 --> 01:58:31,599
that point then i can

3376
01:58:37,430 --> 01:58:35,599
you know just do do the fun stuff and uh

3377
01:58:38,629 --> 01:58:37,440
no no it's only

3378
01:58:40,550 --> 01:58:38,639
so right now what i'm doing is i'm

3379
01:58:42,709 --> 01:58:40,560
opening up um it's good powerpoint

3380
01:58:44,070 --> 01:58:42,719
though if you could play it huh

3381
01:58:46,629 --> 01:58:44,080
well let's see here

3382
01:58:49,189 --> 01:58:46,639
[Music]

3383
01:58:51,270 --> 01:58:49,199
okay so i got your uh okay send me that

3384
01:58:52,950 --> 01:58:51,280
today and you sent me that so i'm gonna

3385
01:58:57,030 --> 01:58:52,960
go into

3386
01:59:00,470 --> 01:58:58,950
i can move on to the bays if you like

3387
01:59:02,310 --> 01:59:00,480
but there's some good stuff there at the

3388
01:59:07,750 --> 01:59:02,320
end i'd like to discuss of the recent

3389
01:59:10,870 --> 01:59:09,750
will i be able to see your screen you

3390
01:59:13,350 --> 01:59:10,880
will be able to once i can actually get

3391
01:59:14,709 --> 01:59:13,360
this going i'm just trying to

3392
01:59:18,229 --> 01:59:14,719
uh

3393
01:59:21,430 --> 01:59:18,239
adding to my dropbox now and it's just

3394
01:59:23,589 --> 01:59:21,440
chugging over the wonders of technology

3395
01:59:25,589 --> 01:59:23,599
okay view and which one did you want me

3396
01:59:27,430 --> 01:59:25,599
to which one do you want me to open

3397
01:59:31,300 --> 01:59:27,440
yeah this is um

3398
01:59:36,149 --> 01:59:31,310
macro yd for dol macro yd for dol um

3399
01:59:40,390 --> 01:59:38,950
looking at that is it's in a folder by

3400
01:59:42,149 --> 01:59:40,400
any chance

3401
01:59:46,149 --> 01:59:42,159
yeah it's in

3402
01:59:49,270 --> 01:59:46,950
us

3403
01:59:50,790 --> 01:59:49,280
down of lore and then it's pp drafts

3404
01:59:52,950 --> 01:59:50,800
okay there we go so

3405
01:59:55,430 --> 01:59:52,960
pp drafts mike macro i've got carolina

3406
02:00:02,870 --> 01:59:55,440
base three pro two independent and wide

3407
02:00:05,669 --> 02:00:04,550
cause you can do it that way then we can

3408
02:00:08,149 --> 02:00:05,679
try and

3409
02:00:08,870 --> 02:00:08,159
see you know yeah let me keep it on this

3410
02:00:10,149 --> 02:00:08,880
okay

3411
02:00:12,149 --> 02:00:10,159
that's fine yeah don't don't don't make

3412
02:00:14,870 --> 02:00:12,159
it more

3413
02:00:16,310 --> 02:00:14,880
yeah that's a good good compromise

3414
02:00:18,790 --> 02:00:16,320
okay

3415
02:00:21,750 --> 02:00:18,800
sorry ladies and gentlemen

3416
02:00:23,109 --> 02:00:21,760
uh okay so the ydb layer and sediment

3417
02:00:24,629 --> 02:00:23,119
going through the impacts are there any

3418
02:00:26,149 --> 02:00:24,639
clues to the location i kind of skipped

3419
02:00:27,430 --> 02:00:26,159
over the nano diamond stuff but y'all

3420
02:00:29,430 --> 02:00:27,440
got that

3421
02:00:33,189 --> 02:00:29,440
um

3422
02:00:34,550 --> 02:00:33,199
the distribution of evidence is key okay

3423
02:00:36,629 --> 02:00:34,560
that

3424
02:00:38,709 --> 02:00:36,639
as you can see there

3425
02:00:40,149 --> 02:00:38,719
that's gaining up there which actually

3426
02:00:43,430 --> 02:00:40,159
one of the first sites found and the

3427
02:00:47,270 --> 02:00:43,440
abundance of all of this stuff

3428
02:00:48,790 --> 02:00:47,280
is reduced as one moves away

3429
02:00:50,470 --> 02:00:48,800
from

3430
02:00:53,350 --> 02:00:50,480
roughly that area around the great lakes

3431
02:01:00,790 --> 02:00:57,030
so it goes from 2144

3432
02:01:02,709 --> 02:01:00,800
grains per kilogram probably down to 70

3433
02:01:04,070 --> 02:01:02,719
401 down to 92

3434
02:01:05,030 --> 02:01:04,080
etc

3435
02:01:07,350 --> 02:01:05,040
okay

3436
02:01:09,750 --> 02:01:07,360
so this a little stuff on the ice sheet

3437
02:01:12,550 --> 02:01:09,760
i said things did flow out down south we

3438
02:01:14,390 --> 02:01:12,560
oh we can't see any of the uh

3439
02:01:16,870 --> 02:01:14,400
any of the animations can we

3440
02:01:19,189 --> 02:01:16,880
lots of evidence so what happened

3441
02:01:21,350 --> 02:01:19,199
okay one one of the critics is this is

3442
02:01:23,750 --> 02:01:21,360
perfectly legitimate stuff said okay so

3443
02:01:25,510 --> 02:01:23,760
did you've got a bunch of ydb evidence

3444
02:01:27,430 --> 02:01:25,520
might it be due to the normal rain of

3445
02:01:29,750 --> 02:01:27,440
meteoritic debris which is falling down

3446
02:01:31,669 --> 02:01:29,760
on us at all times you do have uh

3447
02:01:33,430 --> 02:01:31,679
microspherules iridium

3448
02:01:35,589 --> 02:01:33,440
diamonds all of that stuff and some

3449
02:01:37,430 --> 02:01:35,599
degree is coming in all the time but if

3450
02:01:39,430 --> 02:01:37,440
you go look at the math and say let's go

3451
02:01:42,709 --> 02:01:39,440
ahead and take a a

3452
02:01:46,470 --> 02:01:42,719
a glycial ice core and say the average

3453
02:01:48,870 --> 02:01:46,480
abundance in it in the non ydb layer

3454
02:01:50,709 --> 02:01:48,880
if taken out and put on a square meter

3455
02:01:52,790 --> 02:01:50,719
of i don't know you know how thick that

3456
02:01:56,550 --> 02:01:52,800
was to be but you might find

3457
02:02:00,070 --> 02:01:57,589
one

3458
02:02:01,350 --> 02:02:00,080
uh so you can't play this stuff huh well

3459
02:02:02,790 --> 02:02:01,360
that's fine dude the animation yeah but

3460
02:02:06,870 --> 02:02:02,800
when you get to it you get a whole bunch

3461
02:02:10,229 --> 02:02:06,880
of it right so if you get the summary

3462
02:02:11,910 --> 02:02:10,239
it occurred about 12 000 years ago

3463
02:02:13,510 --> 02:02:11,920
thousands of air bursts of the northern

3464
02:02:14,709 --> 02:02:13,520
hemisphere

3465
02:02:16,149 --> 02:02:14,719
probably with some particularly large

3466
02:02:18,310 --> 02:02:16,159
ones as well that which might have

3467
02:02:19,750 --> 02:02:18,320
kicked out the carolina bay material why

3468
02:02:22,310 --> 02:02:19,760
do the impact on at least four

3469
02:02:25,589 --> 02:02:22,320
continents gotta update that

3470
02:02:29,270 --> 02:02:27,270
square kilometers cubic kilometers of

3471
02:02:31,270 --> 02:02:29,280
laurentide melt water went shooting out

3472
02:02:33,430 --> 02:02:31,280
those northern pathways

3473
02:02:35,030 --> 02:02:33,440
it halted the north atlantic ocean

3474
02:02:36,390 --> 02:02:35,040
circulation and particularly for people

3475
02:02:38,629 --> 02:02:36,400
who don't aren't familiar with this

3476
02:02:41,910 --> 02:02:38,639
subject might be most of them listening

3477
02:02:44,390 --> 02:02:41,920
that the the key here is that it has

3478
02:02:46,550 --> 02:02:44,400
long been accepted in al gore's movie in

3479
02:02:47,910 --> 02:02:46,560
2007 it probably references in the

3480
02:02:49,030 --> 02:02:47,920
recent sequel

3481
02:02:51,669 --> 02:02:49,040
has

3482
02:02:54,310 --> 02:02:51,679
speaks of the well-established science

3483
02:02:55,910 --> 02:02:54,320
well accepted that the yd event happened

3484
02:02:58,070 --> 02:02:55,920
not necessarily the impact but there was

3485
02:03:00,790 --> 02:02:58,080
a tremendous cooling and that cooling

3486
02:03:02,550 --> 02:03:00,800
occurred because there was a huge pulse

3487
02:03:03,990 --> 02:03:02,560
of fresh water

3488
02:03:06,790 --> 02:03:04,000
from canada

3489
02:03:09,189 --> 02:03:06,800
into the northern atlantic ocean and

3490
02:03:10,390 --> 02:03:09,199
that shut down the gulf stream

3491
02:03:14,390 --> 02:03:10,400
so you

3492
02:03:15,589 --> 02:03:14,400
stop that conveyor of warm water to the

3493
02:03:17,589 --> 02:03:15,599
north

3494
02:03:18,790 --> 02:03:17,599
okay and we believe that initiated the

3495
02:03:20,229 --> 02:03:18,800
younger dry ice cooling triggered a

3496
02:03:22,629 --> 02:03:20,239
major adaption

3497
02:03:25,109 --> 02:03:22,639
with with overkill and impact induced

3498
02:03:27,990 --> 02:03:25,119
climate cost the caused the megaphone

3499
02:03:30,550 --> 02:03:28,000
what was an actual impact

3500
02:03:33,030 --> 02:03:30,560
there's the kt dinosaur killer

3501
02:03:35,030 --> 02:03:33,040
okay and look at it you know

3502
02:03:37,990 --> 02:03:35,040
superimposed in florida is pretty uh

3503
02:03:39,510 --> 02:03:38,000
impressive that's a 10 mile kilometer

3504
02:03:41,030 --> 02:03:39,520
wide that's a big boy and that's what

3505
02:03:42,470 --> 02:03:41,040
i'm saying you would see the evidence

3506
02:03:43,910 --> 02:03:42,480
from that first

3507
02:03:45,350 --> 02:03:43,920
that makes sense that was such a

3508
02:03:47,750 --> 02:03:45,360
horrendous

3509
02:03:50,149 --> 02:03:47,760
dramatic distinct

3510
02:03:52,709 --> 02:03:50,159
you know single big

3511
02:03:55,510 --> 02:03:52,719
bang into the earth and then you have

3512
02:03:58,629 --> 02:03:55,520
lesser events that we're aware of too

3513
02:04:00,149 --> 02:03:58,639
this is in 1908 in siberia where a

3514
02:04:03,430 --> 02:04:00,159
thousand square miles of trees i think

3515
02:04:04,790 --> 02:04:03,440
is 80 000 80 million trees

3516
02:04:07,109 --> 02:04:04,800
were

3517
02:04:09,270 --> 02:04:07,119
knocked to the ground and incinerated

3518
02:04:11,669 --> 02:04:09,280
in an instant

3519
02:04:13,270 --> 02:04:11,679
from what is now suspected to be a part

3520
02:04:15,270 --> 02:04:13,280
of the taurid meteor shower which we

3521
02:04:16,870 --> 02:04:15,280
think was responsible for this impact as

3522
02:04:18,790 --> 02:04:16,880
well

3523
02:04:19,750 --> 02:04:18,800
so the impact or what cosmic evidence

3524
02:04:21,990 --> 02:04:19,760
could have produced the evidence there

3525
02:04:24,390 --> 02:04:22,000
are no visible craters no melted impact

3526
02:04:25,830 --> 02:04:24,400
rocks debris across four continents it

3527
02:04:28,070 --> 02:04:25,840
done it's unclear but there's a good

3528
02:04:30,629 --> 02:04:28,080
possibility it's a heavily fragmented

3529
02:04:31,990 --> 02:04:30,639
comet hit the ice sheet so you wouldn't

3530
02:04:34,310 --> 02:04:32,000
find some of the more dramatic

3531
02:04:36,950 --> 02:04:34,320
large-scale evidence that you find in

3532
02:04:38,790 --> 02:04:36,960
the in the kt impact now of this type

3533
02:04:40,310 --> 02:04:38,800
comment the best known probably not

3534
02:04:43,189 --> 02:04:40,320
completely typical

3535
02:04:45,910 --> 02:04:43,199
uh is shoemaker levy and i think we

3536
02:04:48,229 --> 02:04:45,920
remember that from 94 96

3537
02:04:49,750 --> 02:04:48,239
and that was where the impossible

3538
02:04:52,149 --> 02:04:49,760
happened these things that were supposed

3539
02:04:53,669 --> 02:04:52,159
to only happen on scales of time where

3540
02:04:56,310 --> 02:04:53,679
you would not expect to see them we

3541
02:04:59,270 --> 02:04:56,320
actually saw another planet uh

3542
02:05:01,990 --> 02:04:59,280
impacted dramatically with explosions as

3543
02:05:05,510 --> 02:05:02,000
large as the earth itself and watched it

3544
02:05:07,910 --> 02:05:05,520
live happen to jupiter over a period of

3545
02:05:10,229 --> 02:05:07,920
several days

3546
02:05:11,830 --> 02:05:10,239
here's another comment of a similar type

3547
02:05:13,189 --> 02:05:11,840
look at that thing people think of

3548
02:05:15,589 --> 02:05:13,199
comets as

3549
02:05:17,430 --> 02:05:15,599
you know being a big ball out there you

3550
02:05:19,189 --> 02:05:17,440
know the dirty snowball and then it

3551
02:05:20,709 --> 02:05:19,199
disappears into the sun or shoots off

3552
02:05:23,189 --> 02:05:20,719
you know back into

3553
02:05:25,990 --> 02:05:23,199
the outer orbit but no actually what

3554
02:05:28,550 --> 02:05:26,000
they do many of them is disintegrate as

3555
02:05:29,750 --> 02:05:28,560
they come in and that's uh you can see

3556
02:05:31,589 --> 02:05:29,760
all those pieces imagine that

3557
02:05:33,270 --> 02:05:31,599
intersecting with earth

3558
02:05:35,589 --> 02:05:33,280
here's another one and you can see that

3559
02:05:37,990 --> 02:05:35,599
this one's 600 kilometers so you can see

3560
02:05:40,950 --> 02:05:38,000
the earth that would have been

3561
02:05:42,950 --> 02:05:40,960
this is conor schwarzman walkman 100

3562
02:05:44,390 --> 02:05:42,960
large pieces 25 times the distance of

3563
02:05:46,390 --> 02:05:44,400
the moon and

3564
02:05:47,750 --> 02:05:46,400
600 kilometers that would have been fit

3565
02:05:48,709 --> 02:05:47,760
nicely right there on the ice sheet

3566
02:05:49,750 --> 02:05:48,719
wouldn't it

3567
02:05:51,910 --> 02:05:49,760
right

3568
02:05:54,149 --> 02:05:51,920
or something like that yeah

3569
02:05:55,830 --> 02:05:54,159
but wait there's more so i've gone

3570
02:05:56,870 --> 02:05:55,840
through kind of the science that we

3571
02:05:58,070 --> 02:05:56,880
developed

3572
02:05:59,750 --> 02:05:58,080
now i'm going to go through to some

3573
02:06:01,189 --> 02:05:59,760
independent folks now some of these are

3574
02:06:03,270 --> 02:06:01,199
probably going to get tagged with being

3575
02:06:05,430 --> 02:06:03,280
a part of the team now and having drank

3576
02:06:07,510 --> 02:06:05,440
the kool-aid of some sort or somehow we

3577
02:06:09,750 --> 02:06:07,520
talked them into this but a great

3578
02:06:11,350 --> 02:06:09,760
researcher named christopher moore took

3579
02:06:12,790 --> 02:06:11,360
up the calls

3580
02:06:14,470 --> 02:06:12,800
and

3581
02:06:15,910 --> 02:06:14,480
i wouldn't say he took up the calls he's

3582
02:06:17,510 --> 02:06:15,920
you know level-headed guy it's not a

3583
02:06:20,070 --> 02:06:17,520
cause for him he's just developing

3584
02:06:23,669 --> 02:06:20,080
science but it certainly helped my calls

3585
02:06:25,350 --> 02:06:23,679
and chris went out and did a wonderful

3586
02:06:27,910 --> 02:06:25,360
paper that was published in march of

3587
02:06:30,069 --> 02:06:27,920
this year that got worldwide minor

3588
02:06:30,790 --> 02:06:30,079
attention

3589
02:06:35,669 --> 02:06:30,800
and

3590
02:06:37,990 --> 02:06:35,679
platinum at the younger driest boundary

3591
02:06:40,229 --> 02:06:38,000
we had been looking for iridium

3592
02:06:42,310 --> 02:06:40,239
and he looked for platinum

3593
02:06:44,229 --> 02:06:42,320
and he went back and looked at 11

3594
02:06:47,990 --> 02:06:44,239
different sites

3595
02:06:49,510 --> 02:06:48,000
and it was boom boom boom much easier

3596
02:06:51,510 --> 02:06:49,520
geochemical

3597
02:06:53,910 --> 02:06:51,520
signature than iridium

3598
02:06:56,950 --> 02:06:53,920
that this may have not been an iridium

3599
02:06:59,350 --> 02:06:56,960
rich impactor but it's just as valid

3600
02:07:02,069 --> 02:06:59,360
being a platinum group metal

3601
02:07:04,470 --> 02:07:02,079
you have seen it here so platinum has

3602
02:07:09,030 --> 02:07:04,480
become to the ydb

3603
02:07:10,950 --> 02:07:09,040
as iridium was to the kt dinosaur killer

3604
02:07:13,510 --> 02:07:10,960
and this kind of science will probably

3605
02:07:16,149 --> 02:07:13,520
take us over the the wall

3606
02:07:18,069 --> 02:07:16,159
he has done a wonderful wonderful job

3607
02:07:19,589 --> 02:07:18,079
with small business yeah of course this

3608
02:07:22,550 --> 02:07:19,599
is this is actually the data that i

3609
02:07:25,510 --> 02:07:22,560
presented back in uh back in june

3610
02:07:27,510 --> 02:07:25,520
nice yeah that was a big paper yep got a

3611
02:07:29,430 --> 02:07:27,520
lot of message yep and you know what one

3612
02:07:31,270 --> 02:07:29,440
of the best signs is we didn't get a lot

3613
02:07:34,069 --> 02:07:31,280
of criticism they didn't come out they

3614
02:07:35,350 --> 02:07:34,079
haven't published a refutation of it

3615
02:07:37,669 --> 02:07:35,360
it's going to be a tough one to beat

3616
02:07:40,069 --> 02:07:37,679
back and it went in nature it was our

3617
02:07:41,430 --> 02:07:40,079
first appearance not in the magazine but

3618
02:07:42,629 --> 02:07:41,440
a nature publication called natural

3619
02:07:43,430 --> 02:07:42,639
reports

3620
02:07:45,510 --> 02:07:43,440
so

3621
02:07:47,189 --> 02:07:45,520
just like conservative tv you know you

3622
02:07:48,550 --> 02:07:47,199
always brag about when you show up in

3623
02:07:49,910 --> 02:07:48,560
the washington when you show up in the

3624
02:07:51,910 --> 02:07:49,920
new york times even though they're

3625
02:07:53,270 --> 02:07:51,920
supposed you know

3626
02:07:55,350 --> 02:07:53,280
those papers are only good if they're

3627
02:07:57,750 --> 02:07:55,360
publishing your stories right

3628
02:07:59,189 --> 02:07:57,760
uh another great one alex andronikov

3629
02:08:00,709 --> 02:07:59,199
mentioned him earlier

3630
02:08:02,709 --> 02:08:00,719
have zero contact with this guy he's

3631
02:08:04,310 --> 02:08:02,719
certainly not on the team well he went

3632
02:08:05,270 --> 02:08:04,320
back to blackwater draw and look what he

3633
02:08:06,709 --> 02:08:05,280
found

3634
02:08:08,629 --> 02:08:06,719
spherules

3635
02:08:10,149 --> 02:08:08,639
abundant and look at those hollow

3636
02:08:11,669 --> 02:08:10,159
cereals the only way that you get a

3637
02:08:13,589 --> 02:08:11,679
hollow spherical

3638
02:08:15,589 --> 02:08:13,599
is in a the kind of event where there's

3639
02:08:18,310 --> 02:08:15,599
tremendous amount of heat

3640
02:08:19,830 --> 02:08:18,320
and a gaseous nature inside of it you

3641
02:08:21,669 --> 02:08:19,840
can kind of picture what happened it

3642
02:08:23,189 --> 02:08:21,679
blows out the little metal cover of it

3643
02:08:24,550 --> 02:08:23,199
right yeah this is one thing that i want

3644
02:08:26,149 --> 02:08:24,560
to be able to mention is that mark

3645
02:08:27,109 --> 02:08:26,159
catalano who's one of our one of our

3646
02:08:29,350 --> 02:08:27,119
master

3647
02:08:30,709 --> 02:08:29,360
uh contributors to patreon and he's been

3648
02:08:32,950 --> 02:08:30,719
with the show for

3649
02:08:34,629 --> 02:08:32,960
basically however long i think

3650
02:08:36,390 --> 02:08:34,639
you know we've been doing it for

3651
02:08:38,069 --> 02:08:36,400
months and months and months uh he lives

3652
02:08:40,069 --> 02:08:38,079
in south carolina and he he's mentioning

3653
02:08:41,910 --> 02:08:40,079
in chat now that he has land that you're

3654
02:08:42,790 --> 02:08:41,920
welcome to conduct studies on

3655
02:08:45,510 --> 02:08:42,800
hey

3656
02:08:47,350 --> 02:08:45,520
great so i'll i'll pass his uh his

3657
02:08:51,189 --> 02:08:47,360
contact info after the show

3658
02:08:52,709 --> 02:08:51,199
happy to converse with him

3659
02:08:54,069 --> 02:08:52,719
that's great

3660
02:08:55,990 --> 02:08:54,079
um

3661
02:08:57,430 --> 02:08:56,000
that was nice i like the way he put this

3662
02:09:01,990 --> 02:08:57,440
i'm sorry that we're seeing the the

3663
02:09:05,750 --> 02:09:03,830
having a crash and drawn across says the

3664
02:09:07,270 --> 02:09:05,760
presence of a high number of hollow

3665
02:09:09,669 --> 02:09:07,280
magnetic shows could be used for

3666
02:09:11,430 --> 02:09:09,679
identification of the ydb same thing

3667
02:09:12,950 --> 02:09:11,440
that that moore said that they're kind

3668
02:09:14,870 --> 02:09:12,960
of coming out backwards trying to say

3669
02:09:17,510 --> 02:09:14,880
you can find this stuff through the

3670
02:09:19,830 --> 02:09:17,520
through finding my proxy in this case uh

3671
02:09:21,589 --> 02:09:19,840
spheres which he found although some

3672
02:09:23,830 --> 02:09:21,599
sign i love i said some scientists

3673
02:09:25,669 --> 02:09:23,840
failed to find any microspherules at all

3674
02:09:27,430 --> 02:09:25,679
that's one of our chief critics cervel

3675
02:09:29,830 --> 02:09:27,440
others reported strongly elevated

3676
02:09:33,270 --> 02:09:29,840
concentrations so then he had to he said

3677
02:09:36,310 --> 02:09:33,280
she said our observations confirm those

3678
02:09:38,870 --> 02:09:36,320
made by firestone and lacombe in spite

3679
02:09:41,189 --> 02:09:38,880
of i love it says again the failure to

3680
02:09:43,109 --> 02:09:41,199
find any microspherules by cerebelle

3681
02:09:44,629 --> 02:09:43,119
reported blah blah blah such a

3682
02:09:47,669 --> 02:09:44,639
distribution now what happened with

3683
02:09:49,109 --> 02:09:47,679
suravell and i saw it when in wyoming

3684
02:09:51,669 --> 02:09:49,119
when we went to this conference and said

3685
02:09:53,510 --> 02:09:51,679
it'll be our last conference

3686
02:09:55,030 --> 02:09:53,520
he was criticizing he said he had just

3687
02:09:56,470 --> 02:09:55,040
done a study that he published it when

3688
02:09:58,229 --> 02:09:56,480
published at the time he said i didn't

3689
02:09:59,990 --> 02:09:58,239
find anything

3690
02:10:01,669 --> 02:10:00,000
malcolm lecompte or one of those guys

3691
02:10:04,470 --> 02:10:01,679
questioned him it turned out he didn't

3692
02:10:05,589 --> 02:10:04,480
size sort

3693
02:10:08,709 --> 02:10:05,599
the

3694
02:10:10,550 --> 02:10:08,719
micro materials that he was looking for

3695
02:10:12,310 --> 02:10:10,560
tennis balls

3696
02:10:20,069 --> 02:10:12,320
in

3697
02:10:21,750 --> 02:10:20,079
you've got to sort out all the beach

3698
02:10:23,669 --> 02:10:21,760
balls or all you're going to be doing is

3699
02:10:26,069 --> 02:10:23,679
finding beach balls and never run into

3700
02:10:28,870 --> 02:10:26,079
it he didn't size sort it so it was a

3701
02:10:30,470 --> 02:10:28,880
lab protocol mistake and you'll find

3702
02:10:32,069 --> 02:10:30,480
this in french science says oh you just

3703
02:10:36,310 --> 02:10:32,079
didn't do the study right but it is

3704
02:10:39,109 --> 02:10:36,320
absolutely and lecompte in 2012

3705
02:10:40,870 --> 02:10:39,119
did a paper that absolutely nailed him

3706
02:10:43,910 --> 02:10:40,880
and when we pointed that out at the

3707
02:10:47,189 --> 02:10:43,920
conference he hung his head

3708
02:10:51,510 --> 02:10:47,199
clearly knew he had done it incorrectly

3709
02:10:53,589 --> 02:10:51,520
okay and i hadn't seen the uh

3710
02:10:54,790 --> 02:10:53,599
straightened out report and uh admission

3711
02:10:57,350 --> 02:10:54,800
of failure

3712
02:11:00,229 --> 02:10:57,360
just last week this was a big one

3713
02:11:02,470 --> 02:11:00,239
this is last week isabelle ezrade

3714
02:11:04,149 --> 02:11:02,480
alacantara published a page for

3715
02:11:08,390 --> 02:11:04,159
revealing proxy and rich whitey black

3716
02:11:09,910 --> 02:11:08,400
mats at five sites in mexico great paper

3717
02:11:11,669 --> 02:11:09,920
if you put it up on your website if we

3718
02:11:13,189 --> 02:11:11,679
ever get this thing up there uh people

3719
02:11:14,709 --> 02:11:13,199
can go click that link and go read the

3720
02:11:17,350 --> 02:11:14,719
actual paper

3721
02:11:18,229 --> 02:11:17,360
uh there's uh miss alicantara right

3722
02:11:21,910 --> 02:11:18,239
there

3723
02:11:24,149 --> 02:11:21,920
black mats

3724
02:11:26,390 --> 02:11:24,159
boom boom boom boom boom enriched with

3725
02:11:27,750 --> 02:11:26,400
properties five new sites in mexico

3726
02:11:29,270 --> 02:11:27,760
that's awesome

3727
02:11:30,550 --> 02:11:29,280
yeah

3728
02:11:32,069 --> 02:11:30,560
um

3729
02:11:34,229 --> 02:11:32,079
and i'll take you on the wild side you

3730
02:11:35,910 --> 02:11:34,239
probably heard about the uh

3731
02:11:38,069 --> 02:11:35,920
swetman um

3732
02:11:41,510 --> 02:11:38,079
it's a greek name tough to say uh

3733
02:11:43,510 --> 02:11:41,520
tiskretus uh their paper

3734
02:11:45,830 --> 02:11:43,520
that is a totally speculative

3735
02:11:47,750 --> 02:11:45,840
interpretation you know

3736
02:11:48,950 --> 02:11:47,760
even though he's got some good odds

3737
02:11:53,030 --> 02:11:48,960
behind him that it couldn't happen any

3738
02:11:55,589 --> 02:11:53,040
other way that pillar 43 at gobekli tepe

3739
02:11:56,950 --> 02:11:55,599
has a arrangement of constellations that

3740
02:11:59,030 --> 02:11:56,960
suggests

3741
02:12:00,950 --> 02:11:59,040
that they were warning us of this time

3742
02:12:03,910 --> 02:12:00,960
it's so i've presented that paper

3743
02:12:07,109 --> 02:12:03,920
alongside the the one

3744
02:12:08,870 --> 02:12:07,119
not the andronikov um the yeah

3745
02:12:12,229 --> 02:12:08,880
uh christopher moore i presented that

3746
02:12:15,109 --> 02:12:12,239
paper alongside with this one and um

3747
02:12:16,390 --> 02:12:15,119
again i i talked to laird's script

3748
02:12:17,750 --> 02:12:16,400
no yeah it was like it was three hours

3749
02:12:19,669 --> 02:12:17,760
of me just talking nonstop it was

3750
02:12:21,510 --> 02:12:19,679
fantastic my voice was dead by the end

3751
02:12:24,069 --> 02:12:21,520
of it but

3752
02:12:26,390 --> 02:12:24,079
i've talked to people who uh deal with

3753
02:12:28,629 --> 02:12:26,400
comparative cosmology and uh you know

3754
02:12:29,830 --> 02:12:28,639
comparative symbol like symbolism in

3755
02:12:30,790 --> 02:12:29,840
different cultures

3756
02:12:33,350 --> 02:12:30,800
and

3757
02:12:35,589 --> 02:12:33,360
you know some of the most renowned um

3758
02:12:38,149 --> 02:12:35,599
people on the field or in the field such

3759
02:12:40,629 --> 02:12:38,159
as laird scranton uh you know he state

3760
02:12:42,550 --> 02:12:40,639
like at least his position on it is you

3761
02:12:44,709 --> 02:12:42,560
know like sure like it's possible but he

3762
02:12:47,109 --> 02:12:44,719
doesn't necessarily think it is that

3763
02:12:49,030 --> 02:12:47,119
because there is so little of the site

3764
02:12:50,870 --> 02:12:49,040
that's actually been uncovered

3765
02:12:53,030 --> 02:12:50,880
that it seems like it it's more of

3766
02:12:54,470 --> 02:12:53,040
they're trying to put a you know that

3767
02:12:56,950 --> 02:12:54,480
square peg into that round hole to try

3768
02:12:59,270 --> 02:12:56,960
and make it fit whereas it may not even

3769
02:13:01,430 --> 02:12:59,280
be related to that necessarily

3770
02:13:02,790 --> 02:13:01,440
yeah they might be square packing it but

3771
02:13:04,229 --> 02:13:02,800
he does some and i haven't had a chance

3772
02:13:05,750 --> 02:13:04,239
to talk to him but i've corresponded

3773
02:13:08,390 --> 02:13:05,760
some with sweatman

3774
02:13:12,709 --> 02:13:08,400
and what they rely on is just the chance

3775
02:13:14,550 --> 02:13:12,719
occurrence if you accept that those are

3776
02:13:17,350 --> 02:13:14,560
you know for instance the scorpion there

3777
02:13:19,189 --> 02:13:17,360
let's say it's scorpio okay

3778
02:13:20,390 --> 02:13:19,199
which looks just like a modern score pad

3779
02:13:23,350 --> 02:13:20,400
now there are a lot of people who just

3780
02:13:25,270 --> 02:13:23,360
don't accept that the constellation

3781
02:13:26,709 --> 02:13:25,280
identifications and their you know

3782
02:13:29,030 --> 02:13:26,719
connection with certain animals went

3783
02:13:31,270 --> 02:13:29,040
back this far that that's verboten to

3784
02:13:32,790 --> 02:13:31,280
even say okay

3785
02:13:34,870 --> 02:13:32,800
you know it's mostly around the the

3786
02:13:37,910 --> 02:13:34,880
dating could have been off

3787
02:13:39,510 --> 02:13:37,920
um based on their their own solarium um

3788
02:13:41,669 --> 02:13:39,520
uh you know their own use of the

3789
02:13:43,669 --> 02:13:41,679
solarium within within this

3790
02:13:45,910 --> 02:13:43,679
uh you know this range again i'm i'm

3791
02:13:47,589 --> 02:13:45,920
open-minded on the matter myself yeah

3792
02:13:50,149 --> 02:13:47,599
yeah well it's controversial and it's

3793
02:13:52,709 --> 02:13:50,159
speculative the odds if he's right that

3794
02:13:53,750 --> 02:13:52,719
those asterisms match those con those

3795
02:13:55,030 --> 02:13:53,760
figures

3796
02:13:57,510 --> 02:13:55,040
then it is

3797
02:13:58,390 --> 02:13:57,520
a coincidence too great to

3798
02:14:00,629 --> 02:13:58,400
ignore

3799
02:14:02,390 --> 02:14:00,639
the question is do those symbols

3800
02:14:04,069 --> 02:14:02,400
represent the constellations that he

3801
02:14:06,550 --> 02:14:04,079
says they do

3802
02:14:08,149 --> 02:14:06,560
and you'll see up the top those handbags

3803
02:14:09,589 --> 02:14:08,159
that you see you know the assyrians

3804
02:14:13,030 --> 02:14:09,599
carrying around that that graham has

3805
02:14:14,550 --> 02:14:13,040
such a good time with um love that and

3806
02:14:16,390 --> 02:14:14,560
finally probably to somebody with great

3807
02:14:19,109 --> 02:14:16,400
relief there are some links

3808
02:14:20,390 --> 02:14:19,119
that um i think is you know good stuff

3809
02:14:21,750 --> 02:14:20,400
we call ourselves now the comment

3810
02:14:24,629 --> 02:14:21,760
research group we've got our own web

3811
02:14:26,149 --> 02:14:24,639
page it's actually pretty darn slick

3812
02:14:28,550 --> 02:14:26,159
and it's got all the publications and

3813
02:14:29,910 --> 02:14:28,560
you can find them all there please join

3814
02:14:31,589 --> 02:14:29,920
our facebook group should have maybe

3815
02:14:32,550 --> 02:14:31,599
said that earlier that always sounds so

3816
02:14:34,790 --> 02:14:32,560
tacky

3817
02:14:36,470 --> 02:14:34,800
uh this is a youtube channel that i have

3818
02:14:38,629 --> 02:14:36,480
myself that i've just kind of collected

3819
02:14:41,109 --> 02:14:38,639
so just a playlist

3820
02:14:43,830 --> 02:14:41,119
there is one of the last remaining uh

3821
02:14:45,270 --> 02:14:43,840
pbs nova

3822
02:14:47,830 --> 02:14:45,280
points where you can go see that what

3823
02:14:49,750 --> 02:14:47,840
they did our critics chris

3824
02:14:51,510 --> 02:14:49,760
we do not know but we suspect who i

3825
02:14:53,350 --> 02:14:51,520
wouldn't when one dare say the name

3826
02:14:56,390 --> 02:14:53,360
because i don't know but we know our

3827
02:14:58,870 --> 02:14:56,400
critics went to wgbh boston

3828
02:15:01,189 --> 02:14:58,880
leaned on them said you have done

3829
02:15:03,350 --> 02:15:01,199
something on phony science

3830
02:15:06,550 --> 02:15:03,360
and they stopped

3831
02:15:11,589 --> 02:15:06,560
streaming and releasing the nova

3832
02:15:15,750 --> 02:15:13,430
i mean that i tell you

3833
02:15:17,510 --> 02:15:15,760
you know and that was 2010 that's again

3834
02:15:19,510 --> 02:15:17,520
why i started that i said you can't get

3835
02:15:22,470 --> 02:15:19,520
this information out anymore the even

3836
02:15:23,589 --> 02:15:22,480
pbs has to pull it back because somehow

3837
02:15:26,629 --> 02:15:23,599
you know somebody comes out with a

3838
02:15:27,830 --> 02:15:26,639
three-page paper that says it's bug poop

3839
02:15:30,390 --> 02:15:27,840
yeah

3840
02:15:32,149 --> 02:15:30,400
so uh there's the first paper great

3841
02:15:34,390 --> 02:15:32,159
paper that one by vance haynes on the

3842
02:15:36,550 --> 02:15:34,400
black mat here's the bug poop paper you

3843
02:15:38,310 --> 02:15:36,560
can see how sorry it is another shot

3844
02:15:41,589 --> 02:15:38,320
they took at the spherules

3845
02:15:44,709 --> 02:15:41,599
there's the requiem and the just for one

3846
02:15:47,270 --> 02:15:44,719
refutation of their critiques read that

3847
02:15:48,709 --> 02:15:47,280
one right there then they absolutely

3848
02:15:51,270 --> 02:15:48,719
blow them away and of course there's my

3849
02:15:52,709 --> 02:15:51,280
website there

3850
02:15:54,790 --> 02:15:52,719
email me those links and i'll add them

3851
02:15:55,830 --> 02:15:54,800
to the to the show notes i will buddy

3852
02:15:57,830 --> 02:15:55,840
that's part of the reason i put it

3853
02:15:59,270 --> 02:15:57,840
together okay fantastic

3854
02:16:00,229 --> 02:15:59,280
sure did

3855
02:16:01,750 --> 02:16:00,239
okay

3856
02:16:02,790 --> 02:16:01,760
now to be able to kind of finish things

3857
02:16:04,790 --> 02:16:02,800
off because i know that we've got a

3858
02:16:08,069 --> 02:16:04,800
little bit of time here um if you want

3859
02:16:09,669 --> 02:16:08,079
to uh i've got you back over on my go

3860
02:16:11,510 --> 02:16:09,679
have myself back over on the big screen

3861
02:16:14,470 --> 02:16:11,520
here uh while you get yourself

3862
02:16:17,270 --> 02:16:14,480
reorganized in terms of screen share

3863
02:16:18,790 --> 02:16:17,280
um what can we talk about the carolina

3864
02:16:20,629 --> 02:16:18,800
bays can we can we go through that

3865
02:16:22,229 --> 02:16:20,639
quickly over the next like 20 minutes or

3866
02:16:23,750 --> 02:16:22,239
so before i yeah i got to show them that

3867
02:16:25,350 --> 02:16:23,760
you know they're all a visual thing if

3868
02:16:26,470 --> 02:16:25,360
people haven't seen it before it's one

3869
02:16:28,470 --> 02:16:26,480
of the most astonishing things

3870
02:16:29,830 --> 02:16:28,480
regardless of the calls

3871
02:16:31,109 --> 02:16:29,840
and one of the things that suggests to

3872
02:16:32,950 --> 02:16:31,119
me that there's something weird going on

3873
02:16:35,349 --> 02:16:32,960
there's no sophie people are even aware

3874
02:16:36,469 --> 02:16:35,359
of them and you know a good

3875
02:16:41,270 --> 02:16:36,479
100

3876
02:16:42,150 --> 02:16:41,280
reason 196 my head you know lives within

3877
02:16:44,309 --> 02:16:42,160
a

3878
02:16:47,030 --> 02:16:44,319
hour's drive of these things you know

3879
02:16:47,990 --> 02:16:47,040
now also um just this is coming from

3880
02:16:50,709 --> 02:16:48,000
leave

3881
02:16:51,830 --> 02:16:50,719
vel veltman from youtube chat and he's

3882
02:16:53,830 --> 02:16:51,840
curious about your opinion on the

3883
02:16:55,509 --> 02:16:53,840
kensington and other rune stones found

3884
02:16:57,429 --> 02:16:55,519
throughout missouri and uh oklahoma

3885
02:17:00,309 --> 02:16:57,439
oklahoma

3886
02:17:01,910 --> 02:17:00,319
that's a lot more recent stuff but no i

3887
02:17:04,469 --> 02:17:01,920
do believe there were transatlantic

3888
02:17:08,389 --> 02:17:04,479
journeys by historical cultures into the

3889
02:17:10,549 --> 02:17:08,399
u.s i'm not sure which evidence you know

3890
02:17:12,629 --> 02:17:10,559
is valid which is not i bet there's a

3891
02:17:15,509 --> 02:17:12,639
lot of fakery in it

3892
02:17:16,950 --> 02:17:15,519
but i think it is absolutely impossible

3893
02:17:20,150 --> 02:17:16,960
that

3894
02:17:22,790 --> 02:17:20,160
civilizations did not accidentally or on

3895
02:17:24,950 --> 02:17:22,800
occasion make it over here did they

3896
02:17:29,589 --> 02:17:24,960
leave behind you know

3897
02:17:32,230 --> 02:17:29,599
uh scandinavian um uh uh alphabet

3898
02:17:34,950 --> 02:17:32,240
uh uh carved rocks i can't tell you but

3899
02:17:39,509 --> 02:17:34,960
i do i i believe in that stuff more so

3900
02:17:41,429 --> 02:17:39,519
than ufos well there is evidence of

3901
02:17:43,589 --> 02:17:41,439
scandinavian

3902
02:17:45,750 --> 02:17:43,599
migration into northern you know into

3903
02:17:47,509 --> 02:17:45,760
northern canada and yeah

3904
02:17:49,429 --> 02:17:47,519
as well as

3905
02:17:50,629 --> 02:17:49,439
you know newfoundland so how they

3906
02:17:52,870 --> 02:17:50,639
couldn't have

3907
02:17:54,870 --> 02:17:52,880
gone down the coast is beyond me

3908
02:17:56,709 --> 02:17:54,880
that's right but particularly over you

3909
02:17:58,230 --> 02:17:56,719
know many many years being seafaring

3910
02:18:00,389 --> 02:17:58,240
people like that yeah

3911
02:18:01,910 --> 02:18:00,399
i mean um i don't know it's not at all

3912
02:18:04,070 --> 02:18:01,920
out of the question it's just which one

3913
02:18:05,509 --> 02:18:04,080
was carved by a great granddad on the

3914
02:18:07,030 --> 02:18:05,519
weekend you know and i bet some of that

3915
02:18:08,230 --> 02:18:07,040
stuff went on there are a lot of

3916
02:18:10,230 --> 02:18:08,240
scandinavians out there that want to

3917
02:18:11,669 --> 02:18:10,240
prove an ancient heritage there was

3918
02:18:13,270 --> 02:18:11,679
probably some fakery there's probably a

3919
02:18:15,990 --> 02:18:13,280
lot of real stuff it's just hard to sort

3920
02:18:17,190 --> 02:18:16,000
out okay well that's good to know

3921
02:18:18,709 --> 02:18:17,200
okay let's look at our first picture of

3922
02:18:20,309 --> 02:18:18,719
a carolina bay and keep our fingers

3923
02:18:21,910 --> 02:18:20,319
crossed this thing done crashes not as

3924
02:18:23,190 --> 02:18:21,920
long as the other presentation folks i

3925
02:18:24,709 --> 02:18:23,200
promise you

3926
02:18:26,709 --> 02:18:24,719
carolina bays i refer to him as the

3927
02:18:28,469 --> 02:18:26,719
crazy aunt in the attic of geologists

3928
02:18:30,389 --> 02:18:28,479
where they know she's there

3929
02:18:32,150 --> 02:18:30,399
they've got to accept that they cannot

3930
02:18:34,230 --> 02:18:32,160
kill her but they're embarrassed of her

3931
02:18:35,990 --> 02:18:34,240
and they do not want to speak of her

3932
02:18:38,150 --> 02:18:36,000
okay

3933
02:18:39,910 --> 02:18:38,160
but she is right upstairs and always on

3934
02:18:42,629 --> 02:18:39,920
the top of their minds if they are you

3935
02:18:43,910 --> 02:18:42,639
know uh near surface geologists in in

3936
02:18:45,110 --> 02:18:43,920
this area

3937
02:18:47,669 --> 02:18:45,120
a lot of people say there are half

3938
02:18:49,110 --> 02:18:47,679
million it's more like about 50 000

3939
02:18:50,309 --> 02:18:49,120
they're found from georgia to long

3940
02:18:52,469 --> 02:18:50,319
island and i'll take you a little

3941
02:18:55,349 --> 02:18:52,479
further than that in a moment

3942
02:18:57,030 --> 02:18:55,359
and which is all stuff we developed uh

3943
02:18:58,870 --> 02:18:57,040
in the wider group including some folks

3944
02:19:01,030 --> 02:18:58,880
i introduced you to here mostly in the

3945
02:19:02,549 --> 02:19:01,040
carolinas highest concentration is you

3946
02:19:04,629 --> 02:19:02,559
know between myrtle beach and wilmington

3947
02:19:06,790 --> 02:19:04,639
north carolina and london where they're

3948
02:19:09,030 --> 02:19:06,800
absolutely everywhere make up

3949
02:19:10,790 --> 02:19:09,040
and you know 60 70 percent of some

3950
02:19:12,870 --> 02:19:10,800
counties are bays

3951
02:19:14,549 --> 02:19:12,880
most are dry or drained people don't

3952
02:19:16,230 --> 02:19:14,559
understand that they think i'm a lot of

3953
02:19:18,629 --> 02:19:16,240
times as the lakes because those are the

3954
02:19:20,150 --> 02:19:18,639
very visible ones but uh as you come to

3955
02:19:21,669 --> 02:19:20,160
dome through lidar it turns out that

3956
02:19:23,589 --> 02:19:21,679
most of them are wet

3957
02:19:24,790 --> 02:19:23,599
this was the picture that kicked off the

3958
02:19:26,469 --> 02:19:24,800
debate

3959
02:19:28,709 --> 02:19:26,479
okay

3960
02:19:31,349 --> 02:19:28,719
and that was in 1930 during some of the

3961
02:19:32,150 --> 02:19:31,359
first aerial surveys

3962
02:19:34,309 --> 02:19:32,160
of

3963
02:19:36,309 --> 02:19:34,319
uh in the u.s and they're probably doing

3964
02:19:38,870 --> 02:19:36,319
it nationwide it was the first time they

3965
02:19:41,910 --> 02:19:38,880
had pieced together top-down aerial

3966
02:19:44,070 --> 02:19:41,920
photo photographs in south carolina holy

3967
02:19:45,589 --> 02:19:44,080
[\h__\h] and literally the story goes you

3968
02:19:46,790 --> 02:19:45,599
know they brought them back got them

3969
02:19:49,030 --> 02:19:46,800
developed

3970
02:19:51,670 --> 02:19:49,040
laid them out on the table and people

3971
02:19:54,950 --> 02:19:51,680
went oh my god

3972
02:19:58,150 --> 02:19:54,960
because a carolina bay cannot be readily

3973
02:20:00,150 --> 02:19:58,160
identified from the ground if you don't

3974
02:20:02,389 --> 02:20:00,160
know what you're looking for

3975
02:20:05,349 --> 02:20:02,399
so back in the day before you could see

3976
02:20:07,590 --> 02:20:05,359
top down if your ant-man like we all are

3977
02:20:09,429 --> 02:20:07,600
walking on a 2d surface

3978
02:20:11,590 --> 02:20:09,439
these are very subtle changes you will

3979
02:20:13,670 --> 02:20:11,600
see the white sand of the rim and then

3980
02:20:15,910 --> 02:20:13,680
you will see a swamp

3981
02:20:17,910 --> 02:20:15,920
you may on the wetter ones do you may

3982
02:20:19,030 --> 02:20:17,920
even walk around the rim and notice that

3983
02:20:20,389 --> 02:20:19,040
it's circular

3984
02:20:21,990 --> 02:20:20,399
sorry for the interruption uh do you

3985
02:20:22,870 --> 02:20:22,000
have quality do you have coordinates for

3986
02:20:25,110 --> 02:20:22,880
this

3987
02:20:26,950 --> 02:20:25,120
that's in myrtle beach myrtle beach okay

3988
02:20:28,309 --> 02:20:26,960
yeah it'll be a lot of canadians up down

3989
02:20:30,469 --> 02:20:28,319
there

3990
02:20:33,030 --> 02:20:30,479
my father

3991
02:20:35,750 --> 02:20:33,040
it's called the carolina bays parkway

3992
02:20:37,670 --> 02:20:35,760
wow brand new

3993
02:20:39,190 --> 02:20:37,680
so that was the image that kicked off

3994
02:20:41,990 --> 02:20:39,200
the debate okay let me have a little fun

3995
02:20:43,510 --> 02:20:42,000
here i took this picture

3996
02:20:48,550 --> 02:20:43,520
so you don't see them right away but

3997
02:20:56,630 --> 02:20:51,270
see they're everywhere

3998
02:21:00,309 --> 02:20:58,389
is that sound coming through

3999
02:21:02,630 --> 02:21:00,319
that's doing pretty well oh it's coming

4000
02:21:03,510 --> 02:21:02,640
through well i i've got my fan on here

4001
02:21:06,710 --> 02:21:03,520
but

4002
02:21:08,230 --> 02:21:06,720
that is intense

4003
02:21:09,990 --> 02:21:08,240
wow

4004
02:21:11,830 --> 02:21:10,000
isn't that cool

4005
02:21:14,150 --> 02:21:11,840
okay a little short history of base

4006
02:21:16,790 --> 02:21:14,160
scholarship you got uh four different

4007
02:21:19,349 --> 02:21:16,800
kinds of you know wind and water i'm

4008
02:21:21,750 --> 02:21:19,359
going to combine those et and kind of

4009
02:21:22,870 --> 02:21:21,760
colorful explanations

4010
02:21:24,469 --> 02:21:22,880
um

4011
02:21:26,389 --> 02:21:24,479
you got a lot of researchers what

4012
02:21:28,790 --> 02:21:26,399
happened was when they first came back

4013
02:21:30,550 --> 02:21:28,800
with this picture

4014
02:21:34,070 --> 02:21:30,560
like i said when i was telling the story

4015
02:21:36,870 --> 02:21:34,080
oh [\h__\h] about uh my uh old senator boss

4016
02:21:38,870 --> 02:21:36,880
right it captured the nation's attention

4017
02:21:40,389 --> 02:21:38,880
and one of my goals is to live long

4018
02:21:41,830 --> 02:21:40,399
enough to see it again capture the

4019
02:21:44,070 --> 02:21:41,840
nation's intention because it's just as

4020
02:21:46,070 --> 02:21:44,080
interesting it was in 1930s but

4021
02:21:48,550 --> 02:21:46,080
everybody's forgotten about it and

4022
02:21:51,270 --> 02:21:48,560
people rushed into the field back then

4023
02:21:53,670 --> 02:21:51,280
particularly melton and schreiber these

4024
02:21:56,230 --> 02:21:53,680
guys from university of oklahoma and

4025
02:21:58,469 --> 02:21:56,240
they believed it was from space

4026
02:22:00,309 --> 02:21:58,479
and that was extremely controversial

4027
02:22:01,349 --> 02:22:00,319
then well this is one of the things that

4028
02:22:02,870 --> 02:22:01,359
that always

4029
02:22:04,870 --> 02:22:02,880
surprises me about this is that people

4030
02:22:06,630 --> 02:22:04,880
will focus on the scat like well carlson

4031
02:22:08,150 --> 02:22:06,640
he'll focus on the scab lands

4032
02:22:09,349 --> 02:22:08,160
and you know like more like the the

4033
02:22:11,190 --> 02:22:09,359
mississippi

4034
02:22:13,190 --> 02:22:11,200
um and you know

4035
02:22:15,270 --> 02:22:13,200
like those large um

4036
02:22:17,510 --> 02:22:15,280
uh tributaries that that brought all

4037
02:22:19,510 --> 02:22:17,520
this water down from northern yeah from

4038
02:22:22,389 --> 02:22:19,520
canada yeah yeah the columbia skyline

4039
02:22:24,230 --> 02:22:22,399
yeah and they don't look at the carolina

4040
02:22:28,630 --> 02:22:24,240
bays as possible being part of that or

4041
02:22:30,550 --> 02:22:28,640
if they do it's not mentioned as often

4042
02:22:32,230 --> 02:22:30,560
that's right and what it is and that's

4043
02:22:34,309 --> 02:22:32,240
okay you know it's it's all getting out

4044
02:22:37,190 --> 02:22:34,319
there and it can't all go at once

4045
02:22:39,030 --> 02:22:37,200
that uh that's randall's um baby up

4046
02:22:40,150 --> 02:22:39,040
there you know he is in georgia so i'm

4047
02:22:41,429 --> 02:22:40,160
kind of surprised he doesn't do a little

4048
02:22:42,630 --> 02:22:41,439
bit more for the base but you gotta

4049
02:22:44,150 --> 02:22:42,640
handle what you handle and he took

4050
02:22:45,990 --> 02:22:44,160
graham out there

4051
02:22:47,830 --> 02:22:46,000
and that's fascinating it's well

4052
02:22:49,429 --> 02:22:47,840
published and it's well accepted that it

4053
02:22:50,950 --> 02:22:49,439
was a tremendous cataclysm now now

4054
02:22:53,429 --> 02:22:50,960
they've broken it down into a number of

4055
02:22:56,389 --> 02:22:53,439
floods and i can dispute that

4056
02:22:57,750 --> 02:22:56,399
uh to some degree and some do

4057
02:22:59,670 --> 02:22:57,760
but

4058
02:23:02,150 --> 02:22:59,680
the the that's randall's gig and that's

4059
02:23:03,590 --> 02:23:02,160
a fine fine gig and he does a great job

4060
02:23:05,110 --> 02:23:03,600
with it everybody should probably

4061
02:23:07,030 --> 02:23:05,120
understand that story even before they

4062
02:23:08,630 --> 02:23:07,040
understand the bays you know but the

4063
02:23:09,990 --> 02:23:08,640
bay's people just need that even if you

4064
02:23:12,469 --> 02:23:10,000
don't understand them need to be aware

4065
02:23:14,630 --> 02:23:12,479
of them now so you had a t when i say t

4066
02:23:17,190 --> 02:23:14,640
and et that's terrestrial formation or

4067
02:23:19,830 --> 02:23:17,200
extraterrestrial formation right

4068
02:23:21,110 --> 02:23:19,840
and it was a back and forth publishing

4069
02:23:23,349 --> 02:23:21,120
war

4070
02:23:25,910 --> 02:23:23,359
the likes of which few subjects saw

4071
02:23:28,870 --> 02:23:25,920
during that time i mean it was

4072
02:23:30,230 --> 02:23:28,880
down and dirty but very respectful very

4073
02:23:32,950 --> 02:23:30,240
gentlemanly i shouldn't say down and

4074
02:23:34,950 --> 02:23:32,960
dirty but it was heated okay

4075
02:23:36,630 --> 02:23:34,960
between these guys who said it was

4076
02:23:38,230 --> 02:23:36,640
created by something from above and

4077
02:23:40,230 --> 02:23:38,240
other people said it was created over

4078
02:23:41,750 --> 02:23:40,240
long periods of time by wind and waves

4079
02:23:43,990 --> 02:23:41,760
and water there's no way that's made

4080
02:23:46,550 --> 02:23:44,000
from wind and waves and water i know it

4081
02:23:48,870 --> 02:23:46,560
just intuitively doesn't it scream that

4082
02:23:51,830 --> 02:23:48,880
but you know and one of my favorite the

4083
02:23:55,510 --> 02:23:51,840
biggest proponent of the et theory

4084
02:23:58,550 --> 02:23:55,520
who worked on it from 34 to 49 and died

4085
02:24:01,190 --> 02:23:58,560
with his pen in his hand and his

4086
02:24:04,030 --> 02:24:01,200
secretary published the manuscript he

4087
02:24:07,190 --> 02:24:04,040
was working on and had just finished

4088
02:24:08,870 --> 02:24:07,200
posthumously with a beautiful note

4089
02:24:11,190 --> 02:24:08,880
that said that this was the last thing

4090
02:24:13,030 --> 02:24:11,200
dr praty was working on and he was chair

4091
02:24:15,110 --> 02:24:13,040
of the department of geology at the

4092
02:24:17,670 --> 02:24:15,120
university of north carolina that dates

4093
02:24:20,870 --> 02:24:17,680
back to the 1800s it's a fine fine

4094
02:24:24,710 --> 02:24:20,880
department he was chair of it and swore

4095
02:24:26,790 --> 02:24:24,720
literally literally until his dying day

4096
02:24:28,870 --> 02:24:26,800
that these things came from above and

4097
02:24:31,429 --> 02:24:28,880
happened all at the same time

4098
02:24:33,910 --> 02:24:31,439
if you go over to carolina now press and

4099
02:24:36,469 --> 02:24:33,920
go to the geology department

4100
02:24:38,309 --> 02:24:36,479
if you can get past the giggles you can

4101
02:24:40,230 --> 02:24:38,319
find one or two people who think

4102
02:24:43,429 --> 02:24:40,240
something's up on these things but they

4103
02:24:46,150 --> 02:24:43,439
wouldn't say it it's a career killer

4104
02:24:47,830 --> 02:24:46,160
you cannot discuss the e.t theory any

4105
02:24:49,190 --> 02:24:47,840
longer but the chairman of their

4106
02:24:51,990 --> 02:24:49,200
department

4107
02:24:53,990 --> 02:24:52,000
was an advocate to the day he died

4108
02:24:56,389 --> 02:24:54,000
now the one that supposedly put it to

4109
02:24:57,990 --> 02:24:56,399
bed was a study by this guy kak zorowski

4110
02:24:59,910 --> 02:24:58,000
who didn't work for international paper

4111
02:25:01,030 --> 02:24:59,920
for many years i've had some exchanges

4112
02:25:04,230 --> 02:25:01,040
with him

4113
02:25:06,389 --> 02:25:04,240
he's still around he took a fan

4114
02:25:07,510 --> 02:25:06,399
and blew

4115
02:25:09,110 --> 02:25:07,520
some

4116
02:25:12,230 --> 02:25:09,120
water pooled

4117
02:25:15,110 --> 02:25:12,240
in some sand and blew a fan on it and it

4118
02:25:18,309 --> 02:25:15,120
made a roughly bay like shape

4119
02:25:21,990 --> 02:25:19,910
okay yep

4120
02:25:23,830 --> 02:25:22,000
and at that time nasa was not interested

4121
02:25:25,590 --> 02:25:23,840
and i can get in the woo-woo not woo-woo

4122
02:25:27,429 --> 02:25:25,600
and i mean to be conspiratorial but

4123
02:25:30,710 --> 02:25:27,439
there's something to it that in the 70s

4124
02:25:33,990 --> 02:25:30,720
man we had bigger fish to fry

4125
02:25:36,230 --> 02:25:34,000
and his study was nasa-funded

4126
02:25:38,389 --> 02:25:36,240
i always thought was interesting

4127
02:25:41,270 --> 02:25:38,399
and it just was not in the national

4128
02:25:43,750 --> 02:25:41,280
security interest of the us to be

4129
02:25:45,670 --> 02:25:43,760
doing deep studies on things that didn't

4130
02:25:47,429 --> 02:25:45,680
involve russians launching missiles at

4131
02:25:48,630 --> 02:25:47,439
us that made us all dead you know what i

4132
02:25:51,030 --> 02:25:48,640
mean

4133
02:25:53,990 --> 02:25:51,040
and i'm not saying that's deliberate and

4134
02:25:56,389 --> 02:25:54,000
calculated but just the theme of nasa

4135
02:25:58,230 --> 02:25:56,399
and all that was to suppress this stuff

4136
02:26:00,309 --> 02:25:58,240
and that has haunted all of this

4137
02:26:03,270 --> 02:26:00,319
research including just impact frequency

4138
02:26:04,710 --> 02:26:03,280
research for years because nasa

4139
02:26:06,389 --> 02:26:04,720
it is the reflection of climate

4140
02:26:09,750 --> 02:26:06,399
scientists when you're a nasa impact

4141
02:26:12,230 --> 02:26:09,760
frequency scientist you are being paid

4142
02:26:14,150 --> 02:26:12,240
and your theme and your meme is to go

4143
02:26:15,590 --> 02:26:14,160
out and say one this is very interesting

4144
02:26:17,750 --> 02:26:15,600
i need more money we need to study it

4145
02:26:20,230 --> 02:26:17,760
it's somewhat dangerous over huge long

4146
02:26:21,990 --> 02:26:20,240
periods of time it's an awkward position

4147
02:26:23,510 --> 02:26:22,000
because they have to both say i need

4148
02:26:25,830 --> 02:26:23,520
enough money to study it but it's not a

4149
02:26:27,190 --> 02:26:25,840
problem don't worry about it

4150
02:26:28,630 --> 02:26:27,200
which is the position of nasa now

4151
02:26:30,790 --> 02:26:28,640
there's a whole other group i'm getting

4152
02:26:32,469 --> 02:26:30,800
into the impact frequency but i don't

4153
02:26:34,790 --> 02:26:32,479
have time to do but

4154
02:26:37,429 --> 02:26:34,800
you know a great little uh uh

4155
02:26:39,030 --> 02:26:37,439
uh enlightened uh group eaton parkhurst

4156
02:26:41,270 --> 02:26:39,040
published one in 77 i should have had

4157
02:26:42,389 --> 02:26:41,280
that 78 or so where they brought it back

4158
02:26:44,230 --> 02:26:42,399
a little bit

4159
02:26:45,990 --> 02:26:44,240
and uh bangs around you know with

4160
02:26:47,830 --> 02:26:46,000
different researchers you have to

4161
02:26:50,309 --> 02:26:47,840
explain and this i'm not gonna bore

4162
02:26:53,830 --> 02:26:50,319
people with reading all these but

4163
02:26:56,870 --> 02:26:53,840
you have to explain each of these weird

4164
02:26:59,830 --> 02:26:56,880
things before you can

4165
02:27:01,190 --> 02:26:59,840
say that you got it and nobody has yet

4166
02:27:02,150 --> 02:27:01,200
and again we don't have time to go

4167
02:27:03,270 --> 02:27:02,160
through them

4168
02:27:06,710 --> 02:27:03,280
but

4169
02:27:08,630 --> 02:27:06,720
you know each of these features of bays

4170
02:27:10,710 --> 02:27:08,640
some can be explained with one theory

4171
02:27:12,309 --> 02:27:10,720
others can be explained with the other

4172
02:27:14,070 --> 02:27:12,319
but to date

4173
02:27:16,150 --> 02:27:14,080
i would say zamora who we'll get to in a

4174
02:27:19,670 --> 02:27:16,160
minute it's kind of got it but it's hard

4175
02:27:21,590 --> 02:27:19,680
to explain them all so this is a true

4176
02:27:25,270 --> 02:27:21,600
and even though even the terrestrial

4177
02:27:27,670 --> 02:27:25,280
guys will say i don't know exactly

4178
02:27:29,030 --> 02:27:27,680
i can't explain everything

4179
02:27:30,790 --> 02:27:29,040
i don't think they were from space i

4180
02:27:32,469 --> 02:27:30,800
think you're crazy as hell but they are

4181
02:27:33,830 --> 02:27:32,479
a mystery and we can't explain it all

4182
02:27:35,349 --> 02:27:33,840
all of them won't say that so it's a

4183
02:27:36,870 --> 02:27:35,359
great subject you should see it more on

4184
02:27:38,630 --> 02:27:36,880
science tv

4185
02:27:41,910 --> 02:27:38,640
you know i don't know why it doesn't

4186
02:27:44,550 --> 02:27:41,920
have a bigger you know uh uh uh

4187
02:27:46,710 --> 02:27:44,560
a bigger presence in the in the the mind

4188
02:27:49,590 --> 02:27:46,720
of america because they're everywhere

4189
02:27:51,910 --> 02:27:49,600
okay here's just a list of the

4190
02:27:53,349 --> 02:27:51,920
various theories going back to first guy

4191
02:27:54,790 --> 02:27:53,359
that ever noted them just said they were

4192
02:27:57,110 --> 02:27:54,800
springs

4193
02:27:58,790 --> 02:27:57,120
in 1848 then sam vardan's drowned guys

4194
02:28:00,550 --> 02:27:58,800
depression stand by giant rose craters

4195
02:28:01,910 --> 02:28:00,560
from a meteor swarm first time that came

4196
02:28:03,110 --> 02:28:01,920
up 33

4197
02:28:04,710 --> 02:28:03,120
then it was back and forth back and

4198
02:28:06,710 --> 02:28:04,720
forth back and forth you know

4199
02:28:10,150 --> 02:28:06,720
all sorts of great stuff including weird

4200
02:28:12,710 --> 02:28:10,160
stuff like giant fish wagging their

4201
02:28:14,950 --> 02:28:12,720
tails in unison and creating these

4202
02:28:15,750 --> 02:28:14,960
things that's an actual paper

4203
02:28:18,230 --> 02:28:15,760
you know

4204
02:28:21,190 --> 02:28:18,240
fish nests made by giant schools of fish

4205
02:28:23,190 --> 02:28:21,200
when this was obviously

4206
02:28:24,070 --> 02:28:23,200
post-dated

4207
02:28:26,389 --> 02:28:24,080
the

4208
02:28:27,990 --> 02:28:26,399
marine nature of our coastal plain which

4209
02:28:29,910 --> 02:28:28,000
you have to go way

4210
02:28:31,910 --> 02:28:29,920
way back to find i wish you could see my

4211
02:28:33,429 --> 02:28:31,920
fit my the look on my face right now and

4212
02:28:35,670 --> 02:28:33,439
just you know

4213
02:28:37,670 --> 02:28:35,680
the silliness of that

4214
02:28:40,150 --> 02:28:37,680
yeah that's a grinder

4215
02:28:41,990 --> 02:28:40,160
it's a groaner okay so you've got a long

4216
02:28:44,710 --> 02:28:42,000
history of various explanations the

4217
02:28:47,349 --> 02:28:44,720
prevailing theory is that you got wind

4218
02:28:48,710 --> 02:28:47,359
you know uh going over a pool of water

4219
02:28:51,270 --> 02:28:48,720
out there and we need to see some more

4220
02:28:53,429 --> 02:28:51,280
pictures of them the bay dates very

4221
02:28:54,469 --> 02:28:53,439
inconclusive in my humble opinion that's

4222
02:28:56,070 --> 02:28:54,479
what they're going on now the

4223
02:28:58,230 --> 02:28:56,080
terrestrial guys today say they're

4224
02:29:00,630 --> 02:28:58,240
generations of bay formation they were

4225
02:29:02,150 --> 02:29:00,640
tens of thousands of years apart just

4226
02:29:03,670 --> 02:29:02,160
hard to believe given the thing that

4227
02:29:05,910 --> 02:29:03,680
every one of them you should be able to

4228
02:29:07,750 --> 02:29:05,920
say boy here are some old ones

4229
02:29:10,070 --> 02:29:07,760
here are some middle ones

4230
02:29:11,750 --> 02:29:10,080
and here are some brand new ones

4231
02:29:13,110 --> 02:29:11,760
and the old ones are hard to see blah

4232
02:29:14,710 --> 02:29:13,120
blah blah but it doesn't work like that

4233
02:29:17,349 --> 02:29:14,720
they all look pretty much the same now

4234
02:29:19,830 --> 02:29:17,359
they might be plowed under and harder to

4235
02:29:21,910 --> 02:29:19,840
detect but they're not generations of

4236
02:29:23,590 --> 02:29:21,920
them like they claim at least to my eye

4237
02:29:25,510 --> 02:29:23,600
and a lot of the debates a lot of the

4238
02:29:27,110 --> 02:29:25,520
dates do support 12 9 but you get in the

4239
02:29:28,790 --> 02:29:27,120
whole thing when they test them that

4240
02:29:31,030 --> 02:29:28,800
things were mixed up if there was a

4241
02:29:33,830 --> 02:29:31,040
cataclysm you would have had much older

4242
02:29:36,469 --> 02:29:33,840
material kicked up right

4243
02:29:38,070 --> 02:29:36,479
so you get a mishmash of stuff

4244
02:29:39,510 --> 02:29:38,080
the key thing about the bays is that

4245
02:29:46,550 --> 02:29:39,520
they

4246
02:29:48,469 --> 02:29:46,560
and we'll see what that means in a

4247
02:29:49,910 --> 02:29:48,479
minute there are other notable features

4248
02:29:53,110 --> 02:29:49,920
of bays that you find them on top of

4249
02:29:55,110 --> 02:29:53,120
each other that uh they're on terraces

4250
02:29:56,550 --> 02:29:55,120
that the terraces being you know ground

4251
02:29:58,070 --> 02:29:56,560
elevation levels there's several

4252
02:29:59,910 --> 02:29:58,080
terraces that make up our coastal plain

4253
02:30:01,750 --> 02:29:59,920
it's flat as a board

4254
02:30:03,349 --> 02:30:01,760
um and that each of those is different

4255
02:30:04,710 --> 02:30:03,359
ages and you find the bays on top saw

4256
02:30:07,030 --> 02:30:04,720
all of them and something about four

4257
02:30:08,710 --> 02:30:07,040
kilometers across holy [\h__\h]

4258
02:30:10,550 --> 02:30:08,720
oh the past

4259
02:30:12,070 --> 02:30:10,560
now they're city they're not cities

4260
02:30:13,510 --> 02:30:12,080
they're cities that are partially

4261
02:30:15,270 --> 02:30:13,520
covered by them but they're certainly

4262
02:30:18,150 --> 02:30:15,280
towns smaller towns north carolina

4263
02:30:20,070 --> 02:30:18,160
they're entirely within them

4264
02:30:22,230 --> 02:30:20,080
yeah

4265
02:30:24,150 --> 02:30:22,240
that's from maryland to georgia they all

4266
02:30:26,309 --> 02:30:24,160
align with the great lakes that's an

4267
02:30:28,230 --> 02:30:26,319
older depiction there i'll show you some

4268
02:30:31,670 --> 02:30:28,240
better stuff in a minute but notice

4269
02:30:33,510 --> 02:30:31,680
the farther north you go the more

4270
02:30:35,990 --> 02:30:33,520
westerly they point

4271
02:30:37,750 --> 02:30:36,000
the farther south you go the more

4272
02:30:39,670 --> 02:30:37,760
northerly they point

4273
02:30:42,389 --> 02:30:39,680
they don't all point the same direction

4274
02:30:43,429 --> 02:30:42,399
but they point to the same spots

4275
02:30:44,630 --> 02:30:43,439
so essentially what you're saying is

4276
02:30:47,030 --> 02:30:44,640
it's a possibility that it could have

4277
02:30:48,790 --> 02:30:47,040
been actually actually two impact sites

4278
02:30:50,870 --> 02:30:48,800
or multiple impact sites

4279
02:30:53,990 --> 02:30:50,880
yeah that what the what the bays are

4280
02:30:55,429 --> 02:30:54,000
secondary in my opinion secondary ejecta

4281
02:30:56,630 --> 02:30:55,439
and actually i'm so open-minded to the

4282
02:30:58,550 --> 02:30:56,640
terrestrial theory i'm not completely

4283
02:31:00,469 --> 02:30:58,560
convinced i'm not condensed to anything

4284
02:31:01,990 --> 02:31:00,479
completely and i'm relatively

4285
02:31:03,830 --> 02:31:02,000
open-minded we may be dead wrong about

4286
02:31:05,750 --> 02:31:03,840
stuff but they hadn't explained it all

4287
02:31:07,270 --> 02:31:05,760
and they hide from it and they won't

4288
02:31:09,030 --> 02:31:07,280
discuss it

4289
02:31:11,349 --> 02:31:09,040
that the you know they want it try to

4290
02:31:13,349 --> 02:31:11,359
use the they won't accept the criticisms

4291
02:31:14,950 --> 02:31:13,359
that we have particularly i'll give you

4292
02:31:17,429 --> 02:31:14,960
one good example my favorite example

4293
02:31:20,389 --> 02:31:17,439
should have done a slide on it

4294
02:31:22,150 --> 02:31:20,399
but when we went out and dug these cores

4295
02:31:24,469 --> 02:31:22,160
in the bays and sent all the stuff out

4296
02:31:26,469 --> 02:31:24,479
to university of california right and

4297
02:31:28,230 --> 02:31:26,479
kenneth's lab went through the sand

4298
02:31:30,309 --> 02:31:28,240
you're sending out sand just bags of

4299
02:31:32,309 --> 02:31:30,319
sand bags of sand this one's from this

4300
02:31:33,910 --> 02:31:32,319
level this one's another you know 10

4301
02:31:36,309 --> 02:31:33,920
centimeters down another 10 centimeters

4302
02:31:38,630 --> 02:31:36,319
down they go through it

4303
02:31:40,070 --> 02:31:38,640
they did not find in a couple of days we

4304
02:31:42,469 --> 02:31:40,080
did and you could find plenty more

4305
02:31:46,630 --> 02:31:42,479
examples in fact thousands of them

4306
02:31:48,870 --> 02:31:46,640
one single freshwater diatom

4307
02:31:51,030 --> 02:31:48,880
that if there was a lake that was there

4308
02:31:52,630 --> 02:31:51,040
that persisted long enough to create the

4309
02:31:55,110 --> 02:31:52,640
feature itself

4310
02:31:56,389 --> 02:31:55,120
there should be

4311
02:31:58,389 --> 02:31:56,399
fossilized

4312
02:32:02,550 --> 02:31:58,399
if not fast laws dried out desiccated

4313
02:32:03,750 --> 02:32:02,560
whatever remnants of lake biota right

4314
02:32:04,950 --> 02:32:03,760
you would be able to tell there was a

4315
02:32:06,389 --> 02:32:04,960
lake there yeah first of all there

4316
02:32:08,230 --> 02:32:06,399
should be pete you know it should be

4317
02:32:11,349 --> 02:32:08,240
black it should be organic but this is

4318
02:32:13,510 --> 02:32:11,359
just sand very important to understand

4319
02:32:14,710 --> 02:32:13,520
and they cannot answer that

4320
02:32:16,309 --> 02:32:14,720
that's one of the things that they don't

4321
02:32:17,990 --> 02:32:16,319
want you standing up at geological

4322
02:32:19,750 --> 02:32:18,000
society of america holding your hand up

4323
02:32:21,830 --> 02:32:19,760
and going well what about the bays that

4324
02:32:23,590 --> 02:32:21,840
were never lakes we've proved that you

4325
02:32:26,630 --> 02:32:23,600
know i don't want to hear that

4326
02:32:28,309 --> 02:32:26,640
okay real quick that's from nebraska

4327
02:32:32,070 --> 02:32:28,319
and that's something that we brought

4328
02:32:33,750 --> 02:32:32,080
along by use of lidar that was 100

4329
02:32:37,349 --> 02:32:33,760
i forget who found it first we have to

4330
02:32:39,349 --> 02:32:37,359
look you know uh alan west pointed out

4331
02:32:41,110 --> 02:32:39,359
and a guy zanner who doesn't believe

4332
02:32:44,150 --> 02:32:41,120
they're from space pointed out out in

4333
02:32:46,309 --> 02:32:44,160
nebraska but then michael davies

4334
02:32:47,830 --> 02:32:46,319
great fellow he's very key it has a

4335
02:32:49,190 --> 02:32:47,840
website that i'll have a link to here in

4336
02:32:51,750 --> 02:32:49,200
a minute

4337
02:32:54,309 --> 02:32:51,760
found on lidar which is uh light

4338
02:32:55,670 --> 02:32:54,319
interpolated uh blah blah blah laser

4339
02:32:58,150 --> 02:32:55,680
level

4340
02:32:59,830 --> 02:32:58,160
laser elevation detection right it's

4341
02:33:02,230 --> 02:32:59,840
very fine-tuned

4342
02:33:04,230 --> 02:33:02,240
and can show you anything it's a

4343
02:33:06,389 --> 02:33:04,240
elevation change we use it all the time

4344
02:33:08,710 --> 02:33:06,399
in our work coincidentally but when you

4345
02:33:10,469 --> 02:33:08,720
look at lidar you find the bays out

4346
02:33:11,910 --> 02:33:10,479
there you can also see them you know

4347
02:33:16,790 --> 02:33:11,920
through photography and we'll look us up

4348
02:33:20,870 --> 02:33:18,630
hey a gif kevin if you're listening to

4349
02:33:23,510 --> 02:33:20,880
this go go find me at bay because i've

4350
02:33:25,590 --> 02:33:23,520
got a a long time listener out in

4351
02:33:27,990 --> 02:33:25,600
nebraska he's actually called kevin from

4352
02:33:30,309 --> 02:33:28,000
nebraska they call them the rainwater

4353
02:33:31,990 --> 02:33:30,319
basins out there

4354
02:33:33,429 --> 02:33:32,000
yeah they didn't call them carolina bays

4355
02:33:36,389 --> 02:33:33,439
they had their own the brat in fact they

4356
02:33:37,990 --> 02:33:36,399
called the nebraska rain water basins

4357
02:33:39,830 --> 02:33:38,000
and no one had ever put that together to

4358
02:33:42,550 --> 02:33:39,840
a modern time so if you take all those

4359
02:33:44,070 --> 02:33:42,560
older studies and all the back and forth

4360
02:33:46,710 --> 02:33:44,080
and even the people who said hey they

4361
02:33:48,550 --> 02:33:46,720
all point there was a whole nother

4362
02:33:51,030 --> 02:33:48,560
population of them out west that was

4363
02:33:53,349 --> 02:33:51,040
pointing the same damn direction

4364
02:33:55,590 --> 02:33:53,359
there you go

4365
02:33:57,190 --> 02:33:55,600
there they are at the top in the east

4366
02:33:59,190 --> 02:33:57,200
those are what north carolina so they

4367
02:34:00,389 --> 02:33:59,200
got about the north carolina point which

4368
02:34:02,870 --> 02:34:00,399
is you know

4369
02:34:03,990 --> 02:34:02,880
i know whatever that is 180 degrees

4370
02:34:05,590 --> 02:34:04,000
um

4371
02:34:07,830 --> 02:34:05,600
what would that be i don't know 300

4372
02:34:10,389 --> 02:34:07,840
degrees um

4373
02:34:11,750 --> 02:34:10,399
and then out in nebraska where they're

4374
02:34:14,389 --> 02:34:11,760
pointing back the other direction in

4375
02:34:18,550 --> 02:34:16,469
i mean those two phenomena

4376
02:34:21,270 --> 02:34:18,560
have to be related and if they're

4377
02:34:22,870 --> 02:34:21,280
related that was a hell of a wind

4378
02:34:24,870 --> 02:34:22,880
that happened to

4379
02:34:27,270 --> 02:34:24,880
so carefully and remember these guys say

4380
02:34:29,270 --> 02:34:27,280
they're separated the bay formation

4381
02:34:31,270 --> 02:34:29,280
episodes by thousands of years tens of

4382
02:34:33,190 --> 02:34:31,280
thousands of years into four or five

4383
02:34:34,950 --> 02:34:33,200
episodes right

4384
02:34:36,309 --> 02:34:34,960
why would that wind

4385
02:34:37,830 --> 02:34:36,319
reoccur

4386
02:34:40,389 --> 02:34:37,840
and manage

4387
02:34:41,510 --> 02:34:40,399
to align itself in such a manner to

4388
02:34:44,389 --> 02:34:41,520
create

4389
02:34:46,710 --> 02:34:44,399
other bays thousands of years later

4390
02:34:47,990 --> 02:34:46,720
that continue to orient themselves the

4391
02:34:49,270 --> 02:34:48,000
same way

4392
02:34:50,950 --> 02:34:49,280
well i know that answer but i'm going to

4393
02:34:53,750 --> 02:34:50,960
let you answer that question because

4394
02:34:55,510 --> 02:34:53,760
that's [\h__\h] yeah it's just [\h__\h]

4395
02:34:57,910 --> 02:34:55,520
no way there's another now

4396
02:35:00,950 --> 02:34:57,920
the davies crowd is is pretty keen on

4397
02:35:03,190 --> 02:35:00,960
saginaw bay go look at the thumb there

4398
02:35:05,750 --> 02:35:03,200
of michigan

4399
02:35:07,429 --> 02:35:05,760
okay i can't go through the geology

4400
02:35:10,230 --> 02:35:07,439
certainly disputed no one's properly

4401
02:35:12,150 --> 02:35:10,240
studied it but if you follow

4402
02:35:14,309 --> 02:35:12,160
the art back and actually taken the

4403
02:35:16,630 --> 02:35:14,319
corrales effect coriolis effect i think

4404
02:35:18,469 --> 02:35:16,640
you call it where you gotta take in the

4405
02:35:20,230 --> 02:35:18,479
account that during the hour that stuff

4406
02:35:21,030 --> 02:35:20,240
was up you know

4407
02:35:22,630 --> 02:35:21,040
uh

4408
02:35:24,309 --> 02:35:22,640
the half hour or whatever it is the

4409
02:35:26,710 --> 02:35:24,319
earth actually turned

4410
02:35:28,790 --> 02:35:26,720
it's very complicated orbital dynamics

4411
02:35:30,950 --> 02:35:28,800
that these guys have worked out that

4412
02:35:32,550 --> 02:35:30,960
traces it all back to saginaw bay which

4413
02:35:34,550 --> 02:35:32,560
is a hole

4414
02:35:36,230 --> 02:35:34,560
you know in the michigan thumb there yep

4415
02:35:37,190 --> 02:35:36,240
we've we've looked at that

4416
02:35:39,910 --> 02:35:37,200
mm-hmm

4417
02:35:41,270 --> 02:35:39,920
that's why so based on the white events

4418
02:35:43,270 --> 02:35:41,280
theorized to be the result of an impact

4419
02:35:44,630 --> 02:35:43,280
air burst over canada fire station

4420
02:35:46,230 --> 02:35:44,640
topping fine physical evidence so

4421
02:35:49,190 --> 02:35:46,240
everybody but made without the knowledge

4422
02:35:50,550 --> 02:35:49,200
of the bay event so they long theorized

4423
02:35:52,950 --> 02:35:50,560
to be um

4424
02:35:54,710 --> 02:35:52,960
over canada or thereabouts

4425
02:35:56,230 --> 02:35:54,720
and then in 99

4426
02:35:58,150 --> 02:35:56,240
without any knowledge of the bays these

4427
02:36:00,870 --> 02:35:58,160
guys say something blew up over canada

4428
02:36:03,670 --> 02:36:00,880
and then they those two came together

4429
02:36:05,349 --> 02:36:03,680
and then the orientation is uh towards

4430
02:36:06,830 --> 02:36:05,359
that same place that we found the yd

4431
02:36:09,270 --> 02:36:06,840
evidence

4432
02:36:11,590 --> 02:36:09,280
and that lasts

4433
02:36:13,349 --> 02:36:11,600
that's disputed now it used to be that

4434
02:36:14,710 --> 02:36:13,359
you found them also 12 9 these guys have

4435
02:36:16,389 --> 02:36:14,720
done a lot of other

4436
02:36:18,309 --> 02:36:16,399
dating now where they're finding older

4437
02:36:19,830 --> 02:36:18,319
dates but i would say that's mixed

4438
02:36:20,870 --> 02:36:19,840
material

4439
02:36:23,110 --> 02:36:20,880
so

4440
02:36:25,349 --> 02:36:23,120
that's that that's me during my heaviest

4441
02:36:26,950 --> 02:36:25,359
period ever i promise

4442
02:36:30,070 --> 02:36:26,960
uh

4443
02:36:30,790 --> 02:36:30,080
out in carolina bay and we studied 15 of

4444
02:36:33,030 --> 02:36:30,800
them

4445
02:36:35,830 --> 02:36:33,040
and in each one

4446
02:36:37,429 --> 02:36:35,840
we found carbon sphericals

4447
02:36:39,270 --> 02:36:37,439
magnetic grains

4448
02:36:41,830 --> 02:36:39,280
fullerenes glass right carbon and

4449
02:36:43,830 --> 02:36:41,840
nanodiamonds holy [\h__\h]

4450
02:36:45,750 --> 02:36:43,840
right and when you go through the room

4451
02:36:48,710 --> 02:36:45,760
when you get back down into the below

4452
02:36:50,550 --> 02:36:48,720
bay material all that stuff disappears

4453
02:36:53,270 --> 02:36:50,560
right

4454
02:36:57,830 --> 02:36:53,280
boom boom boom there's the poster i gave

4455
02:36:59,910 --> 02:36:57,840
at agu down in acapulco in 2007

4456
02:37:02,309 --> 02:36:59,920
very excited citizen scientist to get to

4457
02:37:03,990 --> 02:37:02,319
go to the agu world congress down there

4458
02:37:05,030 --> 02:37:04,000
and present a poster it was great great

4459
02:37:05,990 --> 02:37:05,040
fun

4460
02:37:07,990 --> 02:37:06,000
um

4461
02:37:08,870 --> 02:37:08,000
and you can see that's a bay

4462
02:37:11,830 --> 02:37:08,880
uh

4463
02:37:12,950 --> 02:37:11,840
a buddy named howard bay the researchers

4464
02:37:15,510 --> 02:37:12,960
and

4465
02:37:18,150 --> 02:37:15,520
uh it's never been a lake

4466
02:37:20,389 --> 02:37:18,160
that's the key thing there is not one

4467
02:37:22,950 --> 02:37:20,399
sign that has ever been a lake

4468
02:37:25,270 --> 02:37:22,960
when you go below the bay rim

4469
02:37:27,349 --> 02:37:25,280
uh and below the bay material you find

4470
02:37:29,349 --> 02:37:27,359
nothing in the basin

4471
02:37:30,630 --> 02:37:29,359
you find no et materials

4472
02:37:32,469 --> 02:37:30,640
below that

4473
02:37:34,630 --> 02:37:32,479
michael davies and these guys are

4474
02:37:35,830 --> 02:37:34,640
absolutely critical now again i'll give

4475
02:37:38,150 --> 02:37:35,840
you their website in a moment it's

4476
02:37:39,910 --> 02:37:38,160
called centos.org

4477
02:37:41,429 --> 02:37:39,920
and if you're interested in bays and got

4478
02:37:42,710 --> 02:37:41,439
a hunger to learn more about them right

4479
02:37:44,630 --> 02:37:42,720
now after hearing some of this stuff

4480
02:37:48,150 --> 02:37:44,640
being introduced to them

4481
02:37:50,790 --> 02:37:48,160
they can feed you all day long they've

4482
02:37:52,230 --> 02:37:50,800
got more stuff in there they have done a

4483
02:37:54,070 --> 02:37:52,240
great job and as you can see they're

4484
02:37:56,790 --> 02:37:54,080
getting it in conferences they are

4485
02:37:58,469 --> 02:37:56,800
regular presenters of this material wild

4486
02:38:00,950 --> 02:37:58,479
as it is at conferences they have made

4487
02:38:03,190 --> 02:38:00,960
it back in the gsa geological society of

4488
02:38:06,630 --> 02:38:03,200
america hopefully we'll make it to agu

4489
02:38:09,030 --> 02:38:06,640
in san francisco this december

4490
02:38:10,550 --> 02:38:09,040
and they went and classified them each

4491
02:38:14,070 --> 02:38:10,560
as

4492
02:38:15,830 --> 02:38:14,080
they discovered that up north they're

4493
02:38:17,750 --> 02:38:15,840
shaped as bells

4494
02:38:19,750 --> 02:38:17,760
uh blah blah blah depending on where

4495
02:38:21,750 --> 02:38:19,760
they are they're about five or six

4496
02:38:23,670 --> 02:38:21,760
different types and i couldn't find the

4497
02:38:25,270 --> 02:38:23,680
perfect slide to show each type but

4498
02:38:27,110 --> 02:38:25,280
they've got all that on their

4499
02:38:30,309 --> 02:38:27,120
website

4500
02:38:31,510 --> 02:38:30,319
and if you take the one type called

4501
02:38:33,110 --> 02:38:31,520
the

4502
02:38:35,910 --> 02:38:33,120
bell

4503
02:38:36,710 --> 02:38:35,920
shape that you find up in uh delaware

4504
02:38:39,910 --> 02:38:36,720
and

4505
02:38:43,190 --> 02:38:39,920
all the dots are right

4506
02:38:46,389 --> 02:38:43,200
and you go track back where it came from

4507
02:38:49,110 --> 02:38:46,399
based on the ballistic trajectory target

4508
02:38:53,910 --> 02:38:49,120
analysis right

4509
02:38:58,230 --> 02:38:56,309
and i had to call i had seen this a few

4510
02:38:59,830 --> 02:38:58,240
months ago and

4511
02:39:01,750 --> 02:38:59,840
it's been out there a while but it just

4512
02:39:03,510 --> 02:39:01,760
blew my mind too much i had to call tim

4513
02:39:06,150 --> 02:39:03,520
harris who's worked all this stuff out

4514
02:39:07,990 --> 02:39:06,160
he's a polymath up in brooklyn you know

4515
02:39:11,910 --> 02:39:08,000
it's a who's a math

4516
02:39:14,230 --> 02:39:11,920
genius okay and ballistics guy

4517
02:39:17,110 --> 02:39:14,240
and he is absolutely obsessed with it

4518
02:39:19,510 --> 02:39:17,120
and has you know him and davis david

4519
02:39:21,670 --> 02:39:19,520
davies have made uh big buddies

4520
02:39:23,030 --> 02:39:21,680
and they have done the math on this

4521
02:39:25,190 --> 02:39:23,040
stuff right

4522
02:39:27,110 --> 02:39:25,200
and not only do they say that it created

4523
02:39:29,349 --> 02:39:27,120
the bays but they say they created the

4524
02:39:32,309 --> 02:39:29,359
australasian tectites

4525
02:39:36,550 --> 02:39:32,319
that you find in the uh south china sea

4526
02:39:38,790 --> 02:39:36,560
in australia in uh southeast asia

4527
02:39:40,790 --> 02:39:38,800
which has long been a tremendous mystery

4528
02:39:42,870 --> 02:39:40,800
because you find these tektites which

4529
02:39:45,429 --> 02:39:42,880
are

4530
02:39:47,670 --> 02:39:45,439
terrestrial material that has gone into

4531
02:39:49,830 --> 02:39:47,680
space and this is all well accepted and

4532
02:39:51,590 --> 02:39:49,840
then landed again

4533
02:39:54,070 --> 02:39:51,600
they used to think it was from the moon

4534
02:39:56,230 --> 02:39:54,080
the impact hit the moon splattered stuff

4535
02:39:58,070 --> 02:39:56,240
here that was early 20th century trying

4536
02:39:59,429 --> 02:39:58,080
to explain these things now it's well

4537
02:40:00,469 --> 02:39:59,439
accepted you can see the bay types

4538
02:40:01,910 --> 02:40:00,479
actually in the middle of that bell

4539
02:40:03,670 --> 02:40:01,920
shore oval

4540
02:40:06,389 --> 02:40:03,680
carolina what not

4541
02:40:08,150 --> 02:40:06,399
but they believe that at the zipper of

4542
02:40:09,910 --> 02:40:08,160
right where it hit

4543
02:40:11,590 --> 02:40:09,920
that when you release the pressure of

4544
02:40:13,110 --> 02:40:11,600
the ice sheet and the ice sheet was

4545
02:40:16,070 --> 02:40:13,120
blown apart

4546
02:40:18,309 --> 02:40:16,080
that the underlying material exploded

4547
02:40:21,030 --> 02:40:18,319
further than the sand did that the bays

4548
02:40:24,309 --> 02:40:21,040
are actually sand

4549
02:40:26,389 --> 02:40:24,319
ejected from the impact but the most

4550
02:40:28,070 --> 02:40:26,399
intense point of impact actually

4551
02:40:31,110 --> 02:40:28,080
launched that stuff

4552
02:40:34,550 --> 02:40:31,120
into orbit where it landed

4553
02:40:36,389 --> 02:40:34,560
on the other side of the planet

4554
02:40:37,990 --> 02:40:36,399
and look at the detail of this stuff i

4555
02:40:39,990 --> 02:40:38,000
mean you can't put that in a damn

4556
02:40:41,910 --> 02:40:40,000
powerpoint slide right

4557
02:40:46,389 --> 02:40:41,920
i mean just too much of it so go to

4558
02:40:48,150 --> 02:40:46,399
centos.org all the bays all the time

4559
02:40:49,990 --> 02:40:48,160
and that's agu fall meetings so they're

4560
02:40:53,270 --> 02:40:50,000
getting it you know they are getting it

4561
02:40:55,270 --> 02:40:53,280
in at least posters

4562
02:40:56,870 --> 02:40:55,280
which should be at some point you know

4563
02:40:58,469 --> 02:40:56,880
people got to go and refute them and

4564
02:41:00,389 --> 02:40:58,479
they they they aren't being adequately

4565
02:41:02,550 --> 02:41:00,399
refuted they're being ignored but at

4566
02:41:04,550 --> 02:41:02,560
least they're getting presented

4567
02:41:06,070 --> 02:41:04,560
and that's wild stuff man launched it

4568
02:41:08,630 --> 02:41:06,080
all into space and it comes down in

4569
02:41:10,630 --> 02:41:08,640
those weird weird shapes that

4570
02:41:12,469 --> 02:41:10,640
show that it was in zero gravity at some

4571
02:41:14,550 --> 02:41:12,479
point

4572
02:41:16,389 --> 02:41:14,560
okay this is the most recent guy and i

4573
02:41:17,910 --> 02:41:16,399
think he came up with something new he

4574
02:41:19,590 --> 02:41:17,920
added something to this debate that goes

4575
02:41:22,950 --> 02:41:19,600
back to 33

4576
02:41:25,030 --> 02:41:22,960
and that's my new buddy antonio zamora

4577
02:41:26,710 --> 02:41:25,040
and he's another math guy these guys are

4578
02:41:28,710 --> 02:41:26,720
all math guys because they look at them

4579
02:41:32,550 --> 02:41:28,720
and say the symmetry is so

4580
02:41:33,750 --> 02:41:32,560
unusual and so uniform and so widespread

4581
02:41:36,389 --> 02:41:33,760
that there has to be kind of a

4582
02:41:39,349 --> 02:41:36,399
mathematical aspect to this that if you

4583
02:41:40,950 --> 02:41:39,359
get enough data you can figure it out so

4584
02:41:43,670 --> 02:41:40,960
he accepted most of the davies

4585
02:41:46,550 --> 02:41:43,680
conclusions but he added one

4586
02:41:48,550 --> 02:41:46,560
he believed well he added an important

4587
02:41:51,110 --> 02:41:48,560
new twist

4588
02:41:52,230 --> 02:41:51,120
he said that the impact and you can read

4589
02:41:53,349 --> 02:41:52,240
his paper

4590
02:41:55,429 --> 02:41:53,359
damn i don't think i got a link to it

4591
02:41:57,590 --> 02:41:55,439
there if i do it at the end and this

4592
02:41:59,910 --> 02:41:57,600
paper was just a couple of months ago no

4593
02:42:02,070 --> 02:41:59,920
it just crickets no one has answered it

4594
02:42:04,550 --> 02:42:02,080
but he got it published in geomorphology

4595
02:42:07,030 --> 02:42:04,560
which is the perfect journal for it the

4596
02:42:07,990 --> 02:42:07,040
landform origins

4597
02:42:09,349 --> 02:42:08,000
journal

4598
02:42:11,429 --> 02:42:09,359
and he says

4599
02:42:12,710 --> 02:42:11,439
that it was the chunks of ice which

4600
02:42:14,230 --> 02:42:12,720
people have said for years maybe it's

4601
02:42:17,110 --> 02:42:14,240
chunks of ice that come down but what he

4602
02:42:19,110 --> 02:42:17,120
added was that the earthquake and that's

4603
02:42:20,950 --> 02:42:19,120
putting it mildly

4604
02:42:22,070 --> 02:42:20,960
the big shake would have gotten here

4605
02:42:24,270 --> 02:42:22,080
first

4606
02:42:27,349 --> 02:42:24,280
that our coastal plain which is

4607
02:42:29,910 --> 02:42:27,359
unconsolidated sediment you know sand

4608
02:42:31,190 --> 02:42:29,920
right would have in with a high water

4609
02:42:32,950 --> 02:42:31,200
table that's why i do wetlands

4610
02:42:35,030 --> 02:42:32,960
mitigation down there because it's all

4611
02:42:37,510 --> 02:42:35,040
wetlands 75 percent of the coastal plain

4612
02:42:39,590 --> 02:42:37,520
is wetlands

4613
02:42:41,910 --> 02:42:39,600
but not sloppy wet you know it's within

4614
02:42:45,190 --> 02:42:41,920
a foot of the surface most of it

4615
02:42:47,110 --> 02:42:45,200
that that would have liquefied that sand

4616
02:42:48,389 --> 02:42:47,120
just as it does in earthquakes and you

4617
02:42:49,910 --> 02:42:48,399
can see what happened to that pickup

4618
02:42:51,990 --> 02:42:49,920
truck here we've seen liquefied you

4619
02:42:53,590 --> 02:42:52,000
could walk up to that pickup and stomp

4620
02:42:56,710 --> 02:42:53,600
your foot on the ground and it's solid

4621
02:43:00,309 --> 02:42:56,720
as a rock right or solid sand

4622
02:43:02,790 --> 02:43:00,319
but if you shake it properly it it it

4623
02:43:04,630 --> 02:43:02,800
turns into essentially a liquid so you

4624
02:43:07,429 --> 02:43:04,640
see what's going on

4625
02:43:08,790 --> 02:43:07,439
that the ice the gigantic hypersonic ice

4626
02:43:11,110 --> 02:43:08,800
boulders launched from the shock

4627
02:43:12,950 --> 02:43:11,120
liquefied were launched into the shock

4628
02:43:16,150 --> 02:43:12,960
liquefied soil

4629
02:43:18,150 --> 02:43:16,160
and that they slammed into that soil

4630
02:43:19,349 --> 02:43:18,160
and that the bays

4631
02:43:20,630 --> 02:43:19,359
it's the same thing that happens when

4632
02:43:22,790 --> 02:43:20,640
you shoot a

4633
02:43:24,150 --> 02:43:22,800
you know take a slingshot i guess he

4634
02:43:26,150 --> 02:43:24,160
used i forget what he used he doesn't

4635
02:43:28,309 --> 02:43:26,160
say in the paperwork but he took a

4636
02:43:30,469 --> 02:43:28,319
projectile

4637
02:43:32,630 --> 02:43:30,479
and shot it into

4638
02:43:34,150 --> 02:43:32,640
a slurry of sand

4639
02:43:36,790 --> 02:43:34,160
and what he found out was that it

4640
02:43:38,790 --> 02:43:36,800
creates a cavity and then that cavity

4641
02:43:41,030 --> 02:43:38,800
viscous relaxation

4642
02:43:42,870 --> 02:43:41,040
brings all the sand back up and you end

4643
02:43:44,230 --> 02:43:42,880
up with a dumple

4644
02:43:45,750 --> 02:43:44,240
well something interesting that that

4645
02:43:47,590 --> 02:43:45,760
mark is saying is that he's watched them

4646
02:43:49,349 --> 02:43:47,600
dig deep tunnel systems under newly

4647
02:43:52,710 --> 02:43:49,359
constructed road roadways specifically

4648
02:43:56,309 --> 02:43:54,630
so that that is yeah and he he's out in

4649
02:43:57,910 --> 02:43:56,319
that area so like that that's that's a

4650
02:44:00,469 --> 02:43:57,920
possibility oh it's wet

4651
02:44:02,150 --> 02:44:00,479
yeah well it's wet water table you know

4652
02:44:03,830 --> 02:44:02,160
you call it the coastal plain as soon as

4653
02:44:05,510 --> 02:44:03,840
you hit the fall line as you call it

4654
02:44:08,150 --> 02:44:05,520
which in a distinct line but as soon as

4655
02:44:09,349 --> 02:44:08,160
you hit that it all goes flat down here

4656
02:44:12,309 --> 02:44:09,359
you know

4657
02:44:13,750 --> 02:44:12,319
and that that is all wet sandy soil and

4658
02:44:15,190 --> 02:44:13,760
if you shake it hard and this happened

4659
02:44:17,670 --> 02:44:15,200
in the charleston earthquake back in the

4660
02:44:20,550 --> 02:44:17,680
1800s they had liquefication of the

4661
02:44:22,230 --> 02:44:20,560
soils and this earthquake was

4662
02:44:23,510 --> 02:44:22,240
orders of magnitude worse than anything

4663
02:44:26,309 --> 02:44:23,520
we've ever seen

4664
02:44:27,750 --> 02:44:26,319
and when that ice landed

4665
02:44:30,070 --> 02:44:27,760
it went in and what would happen to the

4666
02:44:32,070 --> 02:44:30,080
ice it would melt

4667
02:44:35,269 --> 02:44:32,080
it's all gone so you just end up with

4668
02:44:38,710 --> 02:44:37,110
a buddy sent me this the other day the

4669
02:44:40,230 --> 02:44:38,720
most merciful thing in the world i think

4670
02:44:42,469 --> 02:44:40,240
is the inability of the human mind to

4671
02:44:44,230 --> 02:44:42,479
correlate all its contents

4672
02:44:45,990 --> 02:44:44,240
we live on a placid island of ignorance

4673
02:44:47,349 --> 02:44:46,000
in the midst of black seas of infinity

4674
02:44:49,030 --> 02:44:47,359
and it was not meant that we should

4675
02:44:50,950 --> 02:44:49,040
voyage for

4676
02:44:52,630 --> 02:44:50,960
the scientists each straining that the

4677
02:44:55,670 --> 02:44:52,640
sciences eat strain in its own direction

4678
02:44:57,670 --> 02:44:55,680
of hitherto harmed us little but someday

4679
02:44:58,870 --> 02:44:57,680
the piecing together disassociated

4680
02:45:00,710 --> 02:44:58,880
knowledge which all this is you know

4681
02:45:03,190 --> 02:45:00,720
it's all multidisciplinary

4682
02:45:05,269 --> 02:45:03,200
we'll open up such a terrifying vistas

4683
02:45:07,750 --> 02:45:05,279
of reality in our frightful position

4684
02:45:11,110 --> 02:45:07,760
therein that we shall either go mad from

4685
02:45:12,950 --> 02:45:11,120
the revelation or free from the light

4686
02:45:14,309 --> 02:45:12,960
that's what's going on that eventually

4687
02:45:16,790 --> 02:45:14,319
this stuff can all get pieced together

4688
02:45:17,830 --> 02:45:16,800
and people are going to go holy

4689
02:45:19,190 --> 02:45:17,840
[\h__\h]

4690
02:45:20,550 --> 02:45:19,200
i've been saying that for the last hour

4691
02:45:22,309 --> 02:45:20,560
and so is everyone else in chat right

4692
02:45:24,950 --> 02:45:22,319
now

4693
02:45:26,710 --> 02:45:24,960
because here's some good links oh yeah

4694
02:45:28,309 --> 02:45:26,720
yeah and i'll get you both please and

4695
02:45:29,830 --> 02:45:28,319
i'll clean them up a little and you can

4696
02:45:31,990 --> 02:45:29,840
put them on your um

4697
02:45:34,469 --> 02:45:32,000
your show page and i appreciate your

4698
02:45:35,750 --> 02:45:34,479
patience with my technical failures well

4699
02:45:37,590 --> 02:45:35,760
it's not your technical failures it's

4700
02:45:38,710 --> 02:45:37,600
microsoft's technical failures and of

4701
02:45:41,190 --> 02:45:38,720
being able to

4702
02:45:43,590 --> 02:45:41,200
program a halfway decent application

4703
02:45:46,309 --> 02:45:43,600
um if if you want to be able to jump off

4704
02:45:49,510 --> 02:45:46,319
jump on here and um yeah

4705
02:45:52,710 --> 02:45:49,520
let me go on back let me get back here

4706
02:45:55,190 --> 02:45:52,720
i'm uh i'm kind of flabbergasted um good

4707
02:45:56,870 --> 02:45:55,200
and you're hard to flabbergast

4708
02:45:58,790 --> 02:45:56,880
oh stuff like this i love [\h__\h] like this

4709
02:46:00,950 --> 02:45:58,800
this is this is the best [\h__\h]

4710
02:46:03,830 --> 02:46:00,960
yeah the base is good the bays needed a

4711
02:46:06,630 --> 02:46:03,840
place in alternative speculative science

4712
02:46:08,469 --> 02:46:06,640
it's worthy and you can find guys that

4713
02:46:10,389 --> 02:46:08,479
girls that know all sorts of weird stuff

4714
02:46:11,670 --> 02:46:10,399
and unexplained anomalies

4715
02:46:13,030 --> 02:46:11,680
and you say carolina bay they don't know

4716
02:46:14,790 --> 02:46:13,040
what you're talking about and if you

4717
02:46:17,030 --> 02:46:14,800
introduce them to it they're

4718
02:46:18,870 --> 02:46:17,040
they'll love it now again like this has

4719
02:46:21,429 --> 02:46:18,880
been amazing regardless of any of the

4720
02:46:22,550 --> 02:46:21,439
technical uh issues and normally i'd

4721
02:46:24,710 --> 02:46:22,560
open up the the phone lines

4722
02:46:27,269 --> 02:46:24,720
unfortunately i found out that um the

4723
02:46:28,230 --> 02:46:27,279
cord that i've been using to attach to

4724
02:46:30,230 --> 02:46:28,240
my

4725
02:46:33,190 --> 02:46:30,240
uh

4726
02:46:34,550 --> 02:46:33,200
to my ipad here apparently it's it like

4727
02:46:36,790 --> 02:46:34,560
i can get audio but i can't get

4728
02:46:38,230 --> 02:46:36,800
microphone to it so i for anybody who's

4729
02:46:39,590 --> 02:46:38,240
in chat right now if you want to just

4730
02:46:42,469 --> 02:46:39,600
send in your q like send it a question

4731
02:46:43,750 --> 02:46:42,479
just type it in i can i'll take about 10

4732
02:46:45,910 --> 02:46:43,760
minutes to

4733
02:46:47,190 --> 02:46:45,920
answer as many of those i can with with

4734
02:46:49,990 --> 02:46:47,200
george here before we finish up for the

4735
02:46:52,150 --> 02:46:50,000
night so

4736
02:46:53,990 --> 02:46:52,160
okay well actually jared thompson from

4737
02:46:56,070 --> 02:46:54,000
australia is sitting in his first one

4738
02:46:58,710 --> 02:46:56,080
which is uh would there be an any impact

4739
02:47:00,710 --> 02:46:58,720
sites in the ocean off of the coast then

4740
02:47:03,349 --> 02:47:00,720
that's an excellent question jared and

4741
02:47:05,670 --> 02:47:03,359
i've never felt that our

4742
02:47:07,110 --> 02:47:05,680
team has adequately addressed that that

4743
02:47:09,429 --> 02:47:07,120
that's something i have said to them

4744
02:47:10,950 --> 02:47:09,439
before i'm like you know

4745
02:47:13,349 --> 02:47:10,960
maybe

4746
02:47:17,110 --> 02:47:13,359
there was an impact that cast this stuff

4747
02:47:20,790 --> 02:47:18,469
but

4748
02:47:24,230 --> 02:47:20,800
there wouldn't be enough material and

4749
02:47:26,389 --> 02:47:24,240
enough trauma to cause the global

4750
02:47:27,750 --> 02:47:26,399
cataclysm we see without seeing a big

4751
02:47:29,910 --> 02:47:27,760
crater

4752
02:47:32,309 --> 02:47:29,920
if it in the lakes etc or hudson bay or

4753
02:47:35,030 --> 02:47:32,319
whatever without getting the big crater

4754
02:47:36,870 --> 02:47:35,040
and that the big crater is in the 70 you

4755
02:47:38,950 --> 02:47:36,880
know whatever it is 75 percent of the

4756
02:47:41,429 --> 02:47:38,960
earth that's covered by water

4757
02:47:42,870 --> 02:47:41,439
there absolutely could be such a beast

4758
02:47:44,469 --> 02:47:42,880
out there and you wouldn't know it and

4759
02:47:45,910 --> 02:47:44,479
it could have contributed to this and it

4760
02:47:47,110 --> 02:47:45,920
could be in another part of the northern

4761
02:47:49,830 --> 02:47:47,120
hemisphere

4762
02:47:51,429 --> 02:47:49,840
you know south of the aleutian islands

4763
02:47:53,510 --> 02:47:51,439
and then a part of the same event and

4764
02:47:55,269 --> 02:47:53,520
we'd have absolutely no idea

4765
02:47:57,830 --> 02:47:55,279
and we're just looking at secondary

4766
02:48:00,950 --> 02:47:59,429
so basically it's a what the beast that

4767
02:48:03,030 --> 02:48:00,960
we're looking at couldn't could just be

4768
02:48:05,670 --> 02:48:03,040
uh the small brother too it could be the

4769
02:48:07,830 --> 02:48:05,680
local beast exactly the one that we have

4770
02:48:09,269 --> 02:48:07,840
access to

4771
02:48:10,630 --> 02:48:09,279
that's mind-blowing to think about it

4772
02:48:13,030 --> 02:48:10,640
there could be something larger out

4773
02:48:14,710 --> 02:48:13,040
there like apparently the comet that you

4774
02:48:17,429 --> 02:48:14,720
know was estimated to have been about

4775
02:48:19,429 --> 02:48:17,439
like 250 kilometers across originally

4776
02:48:21,349 --> 02:48:19,439
and then then it broke apart that's

4777
02:48:22,870 --> 02:48:21,359
right and that's a whole thing that we

4778
02:48:23,830 --> 02:48:22,880
didn't get into it just shows you how

4779
02:48:27,110 --> 02:48:23,840
much there is here because it's

4780
02:48:28,469 --> 02:48:27,120
multi-disciplinary is the whole torrid

4781
02:48:30,710 --> 02:48:28,479
meteor stream

4782
02:48:32,790 --> 02:48:30,720
if people want to google that

4783
02:48:35,030 --> 02:48:32,800
that is the reoccurring

4784
02:48:35,910 --> 02:48:35,040
we go through it twice a year

4785
02:48:39,190 --> 02:48:35,920
and

4786
02:48:41,429 --> 02:48:39,200
uh one is during halloween

4787
02:48:44,469 --> 02:48:41,439
okay how where did that come from

4788
02:48:46,790 --> 02:48:44,479
and uh the others you know in late june

4789
02:48:49,349 --> 02:48:46,800
early july and that's june 30th when

4790
02:48:51,190 --> 02:48:49,359
tagusca happened and the british

4791
02:48:53,269 --> 02:48:51,200
neocatastrophes have been maintaining

4792
02:48:55,990 --> 02:48:53,279
for the last 30 years

4793
02:48:58,870 --> 02:48:56,000
in opposition to nasa that the taurid

4794
02:49:00,550 --> 02:48:58,880
meteor stream is the remnants of a

4795
02:49:03,269 --> 02:49:00,560
disintegrating comet that entered the

4796
02:49:05,429 --> 02:49:03,279
solar system roughly 20 000 years ago

4797
02:49:07,190 --> 02:49:05,439
and we have occasionally very bad

4798
02:49:07,990 --> 02:49:07,200
encounters with that stream mostly it's

4799
02:49:09,429 --> 02:49:08,000
pretty

4800
02:49:11,030 --> 02:49:09,439
meteor showers not even our biggest

4801
02:49:13,590 --> 02:49:11,040
meteor shower

4802
02:49:15,590 --> 02:49:13,600
but there's still chunks of it out there

4803
02:49:17,830 --> 02:49:15,600
that sometimes we hit parts of that

4804
02:49:21,429 --> 02:49:17,840
stream at certain periods

4805
02:49:22,550 --> 02:49:21,439
13 000 years ago 8 000 years ago 4 300

4806
02:49:25,110 --> 02:49:22,560
years ago

4807
02:49:26,870 --> 02:49:25,120
probably just before you know bc on

4808
02:49:29,190 --> 02:49:26,880
other sides of the world that weren't

4809
02:49:31,429 --> 02:49:29,200
recorded etc and so forth and then

4810
02:49:32,950 --> 02:49:31,439
recorded time so you know

4811
02:49:34,630 --> 02:49:32,960
i could get into some weird stuff with

4812
02:49:37,349 --> 02:49:34,640
tree rings and whatnot there have been

4813
02:49:40,230 --> 02:49:37,359
five downturns since this episode where

4814
02:49:43,110 --> 02:49:40,240
every tree on earth stopped growing

4815
02:49:45,030 --> 02:49:43,120
wow you know yeah that's mike

4816
02:49:46,550 --> 02:49:45,040
bailey now i know that jared's also

4817
02:49:48,230 --> 02:49:46,560
mentioned that randall carlson goes deep

4818
02:49:50,150 --> 02:49:48,240
into the origins of halloween and its

4819
02:49:51,670 --> 02:49:50,160
relation to the to the torrids in his

4820
02:49:53,349 --> 02:49:51,680
lectures

4821
02:49:55,190 --> 02:49:53,359
so that's that's good to know randall

4822
02:49:57,110 --> 02:49:55,200
handles that he does a great job with

4823
02:50:00,309 --> 02:49:57,120
the torch and so does graham in fact

4824
02:50:02,309 --> 02:50:00,319
yeah um now lee veltman is also asking

4825
02:50:04,950 --> 02:50:02,319
and he's in and i quote this may be a

4826
02:50:06,710 --> 02:50:04,960
dumb question but um how was the grand

4827
02:50:08,230 --> 02:50:06,720
canyon formed

4828
02:50:10,150 --> 02:50:08,240
oh i don't know that's a great

4829
02:50:12,710 --> 02:50:10,160
controversial subject and

4830
02:50:13,910 --> 02:50:12,720
you know even the mainstream guys

4831
02:50:15,429 --> 02:50:13,920
they won't tell you it happened in a

4832
02:50:16,710 --> 02:50:15,439
weekend for sure

4833
02:50:18,550 --> 02:50:16,720
but they can't give you a good

4834
02:50:20,830 --> 02:50:18,560
explanation because it's perched up on a

4835
02:50:22,630 --> 02:50:20,840
plateau

4836
02:50:24,790 --> 02:50:22,640
huh

4837
02:50:26,309 --> 02:50:24,800
yeah it's up on top of something then i

4838
02:50:28,790 --> 02:50:26,319
that's not my

4839
02:50:30,790 --> 02:50:28,800
area expertise but it's a worthy worthy

4840
02:50:32,950 --> 02:50:30,800
you know place for investigation and i

4841
02:50:35,110 --> 02:50:32,960
think you know open to questioning like

4842
02:50:36,870 --> 02:50:35,120
all science should be

4843
02:50:39,030 --> 02:50:36,880
but again it gets they get spooked by

4844
02:50:40,950 --> 02:50:39,040
creation and the creationists absolutely

4845
02:50:43,030 --> 02:50:40,960
claim you know that the grand canyon was

4846
02:50:44,469 --> 02:50:43,040
formed on a long weekend

4847
02:50:46,150 --> 02:50:44,479
well the hell they might be right but

4848
02:50:47,750 --> 02:50:46,160
that doesn't mean the earth is only 6000

4849
02:50:49,110 --> 02:50:47,760
years old they might be right about the

4850
02:50:51,030 --> 02:50:49,120
part that was formed in a weekend but

4851
02:50:53,110 --> 02:50:51,040
damn wrong about it the earth only being

4852
02:50:54,550 --> 02:50:53,120
six thousand years old right

4853
02:50:56,550 --> 02:50:54,560
that's why they can't they don't want to

4854
02:50:59,670 --> 02:50:56,560
they don't want to justify or they lend

4855
02:51:01,349 --> 02:50:59,680
any credence to any part of what what

4856
02:51:03,030 --> 02:51:01,359
might support any part of the

4857
02:51:06,070 --> 02:51:03,040
creationist narrative

4858
02:51:07,429 --> 02:51:06,080
because that's verboten you know now i'd

4859
02:51:09,030 --> 02:51:07,439
love to be able to have you back uh

4860
02:51:11,190 --> 02:51:09,040
because we've got about three minutes

4861
02:51:12,630 --> 02:51:11,200
left until i gotta shut her down but i'd

4862
02:51:15,670 --> 02:51:12,640
love to be able to invite you back for

4863
02:51:16,950 --> 02:51:15,680
our september master class to basically

4864
02:51:18,150 --> 02:51:16,960
just go through you know a lot of the

4865
02:51:19,429 --> 02:51:18,160
stuff that we haven't gone through a lot

4866
02:51:21,190 --> 02:51:19,439
of the science in terms of the tree

4867
02:51:22,870 --> 02:51:21,200
rings and you know really really dig

4868
02:51:24,550 --> 02:51:22,880
deep for some of our so from from from

4869
02:51:26,230 --> 02:51:24,560
our listeners who are part of our

4870
02:51:27,590 --> 02:51:26,240
patreon master class because i know that

4871
02:51:29,590 --> 02:51:27,600
they really they're they're part of this

4872
02:51:31,510 --> 02:51:29,600
because they dig this [\h__\h] and they're

4873
02:51:33,910 --> 02:51:31,520
the ones that are going to really really

4874
02:51:35,990 --> 02:51:33,920
talk to everyone about it i'd be happy

4875
02:51:38,150 --> 02:51:36,000
to do that thank you that's um a great

4876
02:51:40,389 --> 02:51:38,160
compliment i appreciate it and i'm glad

4877
02:51:41,990 --> 02:51:40,399
to help and appreciate people's patience

4878
02:51:43,590 --> 02:51:42,000
you know with technical glitches and

4879
02:51:45,110 --> 02:51:43,600
they are all my fault and will not be

4880
02:51:46,790 --> 02:51:45,120
repeated

4881
02:51:47,990 --> 02:51:46,800
and if you're saying all your fault

4882
02:51:50,309 --> 02:51:48,000
because you're part of the programming

4883
02:51:53,750 --> 02:51:50,319
team at microsoft that developed the mac

4884
02:51:56,070 --> 02:51:53,760
version of 2017 of uh powerpoint

4885
02:51:58,389 --> 02:51:56,080
uh then i can understand that

4886
02:52:01,349 --> 02:51:58,399
i don't you know i've got a 27 inch imac

4887
02:52:02,469 --> 02:52:01,359
with whatever 18 megs a damn ram i don't

4888
02:52:04,389 --> 02:52:02,479
know what happened i've never had

4889
02:52:06,950 --> 02:52:04,399
crashes like this you know i guess it is

4890
02:52:08,950 --> 02:52:06,960
just you know the the the forces of

4891
02:52:11,110 --> 02:52:08,960
darkness not wanting this uh esoteric

4892
02:52:13,670 --> 02:52:11,120
knowledge revealed right

4893
02:52:15,269 --> 02:52:13,680
exactly um so again for everyone else

4894
02:52:17,030 --> 02:52:15,279
who's out there i'm going to be playing

4895
02:52:20,309 --> 02:52:17,040
like normally we'd be doing the sandwich

4896
02:52:22,950 --> 02:52:20,319
counter but i know that um uh

4897
02:52:24,790 --> 02:52:22,960
michael huntington is off uh

4898
02:52:25,750 --> 02:52:24,800
uh hunting for

4899
02:52:29,910 --> 02:52:25,760
um

4900
02:52:31,429 --> 02:52:29,920
be gone for the next two weeks i'm gonna

4901
02:52:33,269 --> 02:52:31,439
be on vacation next week so this is our

4902
02:52:35,670 --> 02:52:33,279
last live show until the end of the

4903
02:52:37,269 --> 02:52:35,680
month uh and then we've got like four

4904
02:52:38,790 --> 02:52:37,279
episodes in the space of a week and a

4905
02:52:41,269 --> 02:52:38,800
half i think or three episodes in the

4906
02:52:42,710 --> 02:52:41,279
space of a week and a half so you're you

4907
02:52:44,950 --> 02:52:42,720
know we'll get this up sometime next

4908
02:52:47,590 --> 02:52:44,960
week uh for the audio podcast and i'll

4909
02:52:49,590 --> 02:52:47,600
be able to put the the pdfs up for

4910
02:52:51,830 --> 02:52:49,600
everybody everyone else out there

4911
02:52:53,429 --> 02:52:51,840
but uh i'm going to play a song i

4912
02:52:56,230 --> 02:52:53,439
haven't played on here for a very long

4913
02:52:57,830 --> 02:52:56,240
time which is uh i think i might be able

4914
02:52:59,429 --> 02:52:57,840
to play it you know let's play i'm going

4915
02:53:01,110 --> 02:52:59,439
to play scattered knowledge

4916
02:53:03,269 --> 02:53:01,120
because uh well

4917
02:53:05,110 --> 02:53:03,279
this is the very apropos

4918
02:53:06,389 --> 02:53:05,120
for everyone else out there

4919
02:53:08,790 --> 02:53:06,399
so

4920
02:53:12,469 --> 02:53:08,800
there we go this is still one that we

4921
02:53:13,349 --> 02:53:12,479
don't get uh dinged on from youtube for

4922
02:53:15,269 --> 02:53:13,359
uh

4923
02:53:17,030 --> 02:53:15,279
copyright violations because like we get

4924
02:53:18,469 --> 02:53:17,040
a lot of you know

4925
02:53:20,309 --> 02:53:18,479
creative commons music and sometimes

4926
02:53:22,070 --> 02:53:20,319
they'll change the monetization of it

4927
02:53:24,150 --> 02:53:22,080
without me even knowing it

4928
02:53:25,830 --> 02:53:24,160
but this is also one of my favorites and

4929
02:53:27,910 --> 02:53:25,840
video apropos

4930
02:53:31,190 --> 02:53:27,920
so ladies and gentlemen this has been

4931
02:53:34,309 --> 02:53:31,200
the 51st episode of the den of lore uh

4932
02:53:35,590 --> 02:53:34,319
please do check out patreon.com

4933
02:53:37,750 --> 02:53:35,600
forward slash denver if you want to

4934
02:53:39,590 --> 02:53:37,760
support for as little as one dollar if

4935
02:53:41,190 --> 02:53:39,600
you want to get in on the master class

4936
02:53:43,429 --> 02:53:41,200
sign up for our nine dollar a month uh

4937
02:53:45,750 --> 02:53:43,439
support level and you get a ton of other

4938
02:53:48,070 --> 02:53:45,760
perks with that as well uh i've even

4939
02:53:50,950 --> 02:53:48,080
included an illustrious master

4940
02:53:52,469 --> 02:53:50,960
level which is 99 a month we're only

4941
02:53:53,910 --> 02:53:52,479
gonna have four of those available at

4942
02:53:55,590 --> 02:53:53,920
any time and what that actually gives

4943
02:53:57,030 --> 02:53:55,600
you is a chance to come on and once a

4944
02:53:59,990 --> 02:53:57,040
month you get to guest host the show

4945
02:54:01,990 --> 02:54:00,000
with me uh with a guest um you know just

4946
02:54:03,429 --> 02:54:02,000
on the show so it gives us that little

4947
02:54:05,349 --> 02:54:03,439
bit extra support so i can maybe hire

4948
02:54:08,070 --> 02:54:05,359
somebody to take care of the production

4949
02:54:11,830 --> 02:54:08,080
and not have 15 monitors in front of me

4950
02:54:16,389 --> 02:54:13,830
and at the at you know at the end of it

4951
02:54:19,910 --> 02:54:16,399
it's just all about finding that groove

4952
02:54:21,349 --> 02:54:19,920
so to our masters out there uh let me

4953
02:54:24,630 --> 02:54:21,359
just repeat the names one more time mark

4954
02:54:28,389 --> 02:54:24,640
catalano elementary joshua matako kevin

4955
02:54:29,750 --> 02:54:28,399
fothe wayne rose's mrs fox jared thank

4956
02:54:32,950 --> 02:54:29,760
you very much for supporting us with our

4957
02:54:35,910 --> 02:54:32,960
masters program uh to venice to hobby

4958
02:54:37,670 --> 02:54:35,920
atlantic couch sentient michael and dean

4959
02:54:40,790 --> 02:54:37,680
thank you very much for supporting uh

4960
02:54:42,309 --> 02:54:40,800
the show every little bit helps and um

4961
02:54:43,190 --> 02:54:42,319
you know what this has been the den of

4962
02:54:46,070 --> 02:54:43,200
lore

4963
02:54:48,870 --> 02:54:46,080
uh i am your host chris george zuger and

4964
02:54:50,389 --> 02:54:48,880
i've been joined by mr george howard in

4965
02:54:53,110 --> 02:54:50,399
what has been one of the most

4966
02:54:55,510 --> 02:54:53,120
mind-blowing episodes we've done

4967
02:54:56,870 --> 02:54:55,520
in one year of

4968
02:54:57,590 --> 02:54:56,880
the den of lore

4969
02:55:00,950 --> 02:54:57,600
so

4970
02:55:02,790 --> 02:55:00,960
thank you all out there and um

4971
02:55:04,550 --> 02:55:02,800
if you've only come in halfway through

4972
02:55:07,670 --> 02:55:04,560
go back and watch the rest cause you

4973
02:55:08,550 --> 02:55:07,680
missed a [\h__\h] ton of mind-blowing stuff

4974
02:55:11,110 --> 02:55:08,560
uh

4975
02:55:13,670 --> 02:55:11,120
yeah that is all

4976
02:55:15,510 --> 02:55:13,680
and um dean just or

4977
02:55:16,870 --> 02:55:15,520
sorry george just to stick on the line

4978
02:55:18,950 --> 02:55:16,880
here while i

4979
02:55:20,790 --> 02:55:18,960
feed us out and once your business stops

4980
02:55:22,230 --> 02:55:20,800
we'll i'll i'll give you my good

4981
02:55:24,070 --> 02:55:22,240
goodbyes

4982
02:55:30,450 --> 02:55:24,080
cheers everybody i'll see you all live

4983
02:55:35,540 --> 02:55:33,140
[Music]

4984
02:56:25,030 --> 02:55:35,550
[Applause]